Butane, 2-methyl-

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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase SqualaneCP Sil 2OV-101OV-101OV-101
Column length (m)  100.   
Carrier gas      
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm)  0.25   
Phase thickness (μm)  0.25   
Temperature (C) 100.60.40.60.80.
I 475.474.2469.470.470.
ReferenceHeinzen, Soares, et al., 1999Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995Laub and Purnell, 1988Laub and Purnell, 1988Laub and Purnell, 1988
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase SqualaneSqualaneSqualaneOV-1Squalane
Column length (m) 50.50.50.150.100.
Carrier gas HeHe He 
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.220.220.250.500.25
Phase thickness (μm)      
Temperature (C) 50.70.50.20.50.
I 475.8475.4474.9468.474.9
ReferenceLunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988Papazova, Milina, et al., 1988Nijs and Jacobs, 1981Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase SqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualane
Column length (m) 100.100.100. 120.
Carrier gas     He
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.25 0.25
Phase thickness (μm)      
Temperature (C) 70.50.70.60.100.
I 474.5475.4475.475.475.6
ReferenceBajus, Veselý, et al., 1979Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979, 2Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979, 2Chretien and Dubois, 1976Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase SqualaneSqualaneSqualaneVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)
Column length (m) 100.100.100.  
Carrier gas N2N2   
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.25  
Phase thickness (μm)      
Temperature (C) 50.70.27.35.45.
I 475.476.474.37470.470.
ReferenceRijks and Cramers, 1974Rijks and Cramers, 1974Schomburg and Dielmann, 1973Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryPackedCapillary
Active phase Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)SqualaneSqualane
Column length (m)    3.091.4
Carrier gas    N2N2
Substrate    Embacel 
Column diameter (mm)     0.25
Phase thickness (μm)      
Temperature (C) 50.58.68.100.40.
I 471.471.472.477.476.
ReferenceSidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972Robinson and Odell, 1971Matukuma, 1969
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type PackedPackedPackedPackedPacked
Active phase SqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualane
Column length (m) 15.15.15.15.10.
Carrier gas HeHeHeHeH2
Substrate Chromosorb PChromosorb PChromosorb PChromosorb P 
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.250.25 
Phase thickness (μm)      
Temperature (C) 27.49.67.86.30.
I 474.475.476.476.474.
ReferenceHively and Hinton, 1968Hively and Hinton, 1968Hively and Hinton, 1968Hively and Hinton, 1968Tourres, 1967
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type PackedCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryPacked
Active phase SqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSE-30
Column length (m) 10.100.100.100.7.9
Carrier gas H2H2H2H2 
Substrate     Diatoport S
Column diameter (mm)  0.250.250.25 
Phase thickness (μm)      
Temperature (C) 50.30.50.70.70.
I 474.474.474.474.478.
ReferenceTourres, 1967Tourres, 1967, 2Tourres, 1967, 2Tourres, 1967, 2Widmer, 1967
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type PackedPackedPackedPackedPacked
Active phase SqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualane
Column length (m) 1.81.81.81.81.8
Carrier gas      
Substrate Untreated celiteUntreated celiteUntreated celiteUntreated celiteUntreated celite
Column diameter (mm)      
Phase thickness (μm)      
Temperature (C) 100.22.30.40.55.
I 477.474.474.475.473.
ReferenceEvans, 1966Evans, 1966Evans, 1966Evans, 1966Evans, 1966
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type PackedPackedPackedPacked
Active phase SqualaneSqualaneSqualaneSqualane
Column length (m) 1.81.81.810.
Carrier gas     
Substrate Untreated celiteUntreated celiteUntreated celite 
Column diameter (mm)     
Phase thickness (μm)     
Temperature (C) 60.70.80.26.
I 475.474.476.476.
ReferenceEvans, 1966Evans, 1966Evans, 1966Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1966
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Heinzen, Soares, et al., 1999
Heinzen, V.E.F.; Soares, M.F.; Yunes, R.A., Semi-empirical topological method for the prediction of the chromatographic retention of cis- and trans-alkene isomers and alkanes, J. Chromatogr. A, 1999, 849, 2, 495-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00530-0 . [all data]

Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995
Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche, The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1995, 18, 7, 403-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240180703 . [all data]

Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H., Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908 . [all data]

Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
Lunskii, M.Kh.; Paizanskaya, I.L., Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 127-135. [all data]

Papazova, Milina, et al., 1988
Papazova, D.; Milina, R.; Dimov, N., Comparative evaluation of retention of hydrocarbons present in the C5-petroleum fraction of methylsilicone and squalane phases, Chromatographia, 1988, 25, 3, 177-180, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02316441 . [all data]

Nijs and Jacobs, 1981
Nijs, H.H.; Jacobs, P.A., On-Line Single Run Analysis of Effluents from a Fischer-Tropsch Reactor, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1981, 19, 1, 40-45, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/19.1.40 . [all data]

Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979
Bajus, M.; Veselý, V.; Leclercq, P.A.; Rijks, J.A., Steam cracking of hydrocarbons. 2. Pyrolysis of methylcyclohexane, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 1979, 18, 2, 135-142, https://doi.org/10.1021/i360070a012 . [all data]

Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979, 2
Bajus, M.; Veselý, V.; Leclercq, P.A.; Rijks, J.A., Steam cracking of hydrocarbons. 1. Pyrolysis of heptane, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 1979, 18, 1, 30-37, https://doi.org/10.1021/i360069a007 . [all data]

Chretien and Dubois, 1976
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J.-E., New Perspectives in the Prediction of Kovats Indices, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 171-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84071-1 . [all data]

Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976
Lulova, N.I.; Leont'eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N., Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53. [all data]

Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A., High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons, Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819 . [all data]

Schomburg and Dielmann, 1973
Schomburg, G.; Dielmann, G., Identification by means of retention parameters, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1973, 11, 3, 151-159, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/11.3.151 . [all data]

Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Sidorov, R.I.; Petrova, V.I.; Ivanova, M.P., Qualitative analysis of wide-boiling fraction C5-C10 with capillary chromatography in Processes in chromatographic columns. Vol.17, 1972, 14-25. [all data]

Robinson and Odell, 1971
Robinson, P.G.; Odell, A.L., A system of standard retention indices and its uses. The characterisation of stationary phases and the prediction of retention indices, J. Chromatogr., 1971, 57, 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(71)80001-8 . [all data]

Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A., Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data, Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]

Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203 . [all data]

Tourres, 1967
Tourres, D.A., Structural analysis of industrial butene dimers by gas chromatography, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1967, 5, 1, 35-40, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/5.1.35 . [all data]

Tourres, 1967, 2
Tourres, D.A., Structure moléculaire et rétention en chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Influence de la température sur l'indice de rétention d'alcanes isomères, J. Chromatogr., 1967, 30, 357-377, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)84168-0 . [all data]

Widmer, 1967
Widmer, H., Gas chromatographic identification of hydrocarbons using retention indices, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1967, 5, 10, 506-510, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/5.10.506 . [all data]

Evans, 1966
Evans, M.B., Retention indices of solutes on squalane, dinonyl phthalate, and polyethylene glycol 400, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1966, 4, 1, 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/4.1.1 . [all data]

Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1966
Zulaïca, J.; Guiochon, G., Analyse des hauts polymères par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de leurs produits de pyrolyse. II. Application à quelques hydrocarbures macromoléculaires purs, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1966, 4, 1351-1363. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal, References