Water

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Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 51 to 100

Copper ion (1+) + Water = (Copper ion (1+) • Water)

By formula: Cu+ + H2O = (Cu+ • H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°49.8kJ/molHPMSEl-Shall, Schriver, et al., 1989gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Cu+ from laser desorption; M
ΔrH°150. ± 10.kJ/molCIDMagnera, David, et al., 1989gas phase; M
ΔrH°150. ± 10.kJ/molCIDMagnera, David, et al., 1989, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KN/AEl-Shall, Schriver, et al., 1989gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Cu+ from laser desorption; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°18.kJ/molHPMSEl-Shall, Schriver, et al., 1989gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Cu+ from laser desorption; M

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
157. (+7.9,-0.) CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Hydronium cation • 5Water) + Water = (Hydronium cation • 6Water)

By formula: (H3O+ • 5H2O) + H2O = (H3O+ • 6H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°44.8kJ/molPHPMSLau, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrH°49.0kJ/molHPMSKebarle, Searles, et al., 1967gas phase; M
ΔrH°67.32kJ/molMKERShi, Ford, et al., 1993gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
ΔrH°28.kJ/molCIDMagnera, David, et al., 1991gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°109.J/mol*KPHPMSLau, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrS°124.J/mol*KHPMSKebarle, Searles, et al., 1967gas phase; M
ΔrS°346.0J/mol*KMKERShi, Ford, et al., 1993gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

(Chlorine anion • 4Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 5Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 4H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 5H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°40. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°28.0kJ/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°40. ± 1.kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°90.8J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°13. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°12. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

(Fluorine anion • 4Water) + Water = (Fluorine anion • 5Water)

By formula: (F- • 4H2O) + H2O = (F- • 5H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°51.5 ± 1.7kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°55.2 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°109.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°128.J/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°19. ± 5.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°29.7kJ/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°19. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

(Lithium ion (1+) • 3Water) + Water = (Lithium ion (1+) • 4Water)

By formula: (Li+ • 3H2O) + H2O = (Li+ • 4H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°69.9 ± 5.0kJ/molCIDTRodgers and Armentrout, 2000RCD
ΔrH°68.6kJ/molHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrH°60. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°125.J/mol*KHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
33.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Lithium ion (1+) • 4Water) + Water = (Lithium ion (1+) • 5Water)

By formula: (Li+ • 4H2O) + H2O = (Li+ • 5H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°56.9 ± 4.2kJ/molCIDTRodgers and Armentrout, 2000RCD
ΔrH°58.2kJ/molHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrH°50. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°131.J/mol*KHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
23.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Fluorine anion • 3Water) + Water = (Fluorine anion • 4Water)

By formula: (F- • 3H2O) + H2O = (F- • 4H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°58.2 ± 1.7kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°56.5 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°111.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°113.J/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°25. ± 5.4kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°23.0kJ/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°26. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

(Copper ion (1+) • Water) + Water = (Copper ion (1+) • 2Water)

By formula: (Cu+ • H2O) + H2O = (Cu+ • 2H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°58.2kJ/molHPMSEl-Shall, Schriver, et al., 1989gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Cu+ from laser desorption; M
ΔrH°160. ± 10.kJ/molCIDMagnera, David, et al., 1989, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KN/AEl-Shall, Schriver, et al., 1989gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Cu+ from laser desorption; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°27.kJ/molHPMSEl-Shall, Schriver, et al., 1989gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Cu+ from laser desorption; M

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
170. (+7.1,-0.) CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(CN- • 2Water) + Water = (CN- • 3Water)

By formula: (CN- • 2H2O) + H2O = (CN- • 3H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°44.8 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; Stated EA is Vertical Detachment Energy, at 12 K. At 298 K, measured Vertical Detachment Energy = 5.50±0.10 eV; B,M
ΔrH°44.8kJ/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°82.8J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
ΔrS°82.8J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°33. ± 5.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; Stated EA is Vertical Detachment Energy, at 12 K. At 298 K, measured Vertical Detachment Energy = 5.50±0.10 eV; B

CH3O- + Water = (CH3O- • Water)

By formula: CH3O- + H2O = (CH3O- • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°106. ± 9.2kJ/molCIDTDeTuri and Ervin, 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°100.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner(Mautner), 1986gas phase; n; M,B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°95.8J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°95.8J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner(Mautner), 1986gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°71.1 ± 1.3kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
64.4296.FAMacKay and Bohme, 1978gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(OH-)H2O, DG>; Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986; M

(NH4+ • 2Water) + Water = (NH4+ • 3Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (H4N+ • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°57.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; M
ΔrH°56.1kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
ΔrH°51.0kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°104.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°105.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
ΔrS°88.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°27.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields; M

(Iodide • 3Water) + Water = (Iodide • 4Water)

By formula: (I- • 3H2O) + H2O = (I- • 4H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°38.5 ± 1.7kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°29. ± 9.6kJ/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°98.7J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°8.8 ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°9.2 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

(C3H10N+ • 3Water) + Water = (C3H10N+ • 4Water)

By formula: (C3H10N+ • 3H2O) + H2O = (C3H10N+ • 4H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°35.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, attributed to MeNH3+.4H2O by error in footnote; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°90.4J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, attributed to MeNH3+.4H2O by error in footnote; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
13.254.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, attributed to MeNH3+.4H2O by error in footnote; M

(Rubidium ion (1+) • 2Water) + Water = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 3Water)

By formula: (Rb+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (Rb+ • 3H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°51.0kJ/molHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrH°50. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
25.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CH6N+ • 2Water) + Water = (CH6N+ • 3Water)

By formula: (CH6N+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (CH6N+ • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°51.5kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrH°51.9kJ/molPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
ΔrH°51.9kJ/molPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°101.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrS°110.J/mol*KPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
ΔrS°110.J/mol*KPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°22.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields; M

(Rubidium ion (1+) • Water) + Water = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 2Water)

By formula: (Rb+ • H2O) + H2O = (Rb+ • 2H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°56.9kJ/molHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrH°60. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.9J/mol*KHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
30.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CH6N+ • Water) + Water = (CH6N+ • 2Water)

By formula: (CH6N+ • H2O) + H2O = (CH6N+ • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°61.1kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrH°61.1kJ/molPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
ΔrH°61.1kJ/molPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°101.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrS°112.J/mol*KPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
ΔrS°112.J/mol*KPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°31.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields; M

(Iodide • 4Water) + Water = (Iodide • 5Water)

By formula: (I- • 4H2O) + H2O = (I- • 5H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°37.7kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
ΔrH°17.6kJ/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KN/AHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°6.28kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

CF3CO2 anion + Water = (CF3CO2 anion • Water)

By formula: C2F3O2- + H2O = (C2F3O2- • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°57.7 ± 6.3kJ/molN/ABlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
ΔrH°57.3 ± 4.2kJ/molN/AMeot-Ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°28.5 ± 1.3kJ/molTDAsBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
ΔrG°27. ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; B

(Sodium ion (1+) • 4Water) + Water = (Sodium ion (1+) • 5Water)

By formula: (Na+ • 4H2O) + H2O = (Na+ • 5H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°44.8kJ/molHPMSTang, Lian, et al., 1976gas phase; M
ΔrH°48.5kJ/molHPMSTang and Castleman, 1972gas phase; M
ΔrH°51.5kJ/molHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°104.J/mol*KHPMSTang, Lian, et al., 1976gas phase; M
ΔrS°111.J/mol*KHPMSTang and Castleman, 1972gas phase; M
ΔrS°118.J/mol*KHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
20.293.ES/HPMSKlassen, Blades, et al., 1995gas phase; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • Carbon dioxide) + Water = (Sodium ion (1+) • Water • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Na+ • CO2) + H2O = (Na+ • H2O • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°86.6kJ/molHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M
ΔrH°95.8kJ/molFAPerry, Rowe, et al., 1980gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Na+) 2H2O; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970, Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°106.J/mol*KHPMSPeterson, Mark, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970; M
ΔrS°107.J/mol*KFAPerry, Rowe, et al., 1980gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Na+) 2H2O; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970, Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984; M

(Chlorine anion • 5Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 6Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 5H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 6H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°37. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°35.6kJ/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°37. ± 2.kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°88.7J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B

C3H10N+ + Water = (C3H10N+ • Water)

By formula: C3H10N+ + H2O = (C3H10N+ • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°60.7kJ/molPHPMSEl-Shall, Daly, et al., 1992gas phase; M
ΔrH°60.7kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrH°60.7kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner M. and Sieck, 1983gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°102.J/mol*KPHPMSEl-Shall, Daly, et al., 1992gas phase; M
ΔrS°101.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrS°101.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner M. and Sieck, 1983gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°32.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields; M

CH6N+ + Water = (CH6N+ • Water)

By formula: CH6N+ + H2O = (CH6N+ • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°70.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrH°78.7kJ/molPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
ΔrH°78.7kJ/molPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°91.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrS°110.J/mol*KPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
ΔrS°110.J/mol*KPHPMSLau and Kebarle, 1981gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°44.8kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields; M

(Potassium ion (1+) • 3Water) + Water = (Potassium ion (1+) • 4Water)

By formula: (K+ • 3H2O) + H2O = (K+ • 4H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°50. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrH°49.4kJ/molHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1969gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°103.J/mol*KHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1969gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
25.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Potassium ion (1+) • Water) + Water = (Potassium ion (1+) • 2Water)

By formula: (K+ • H2O) + H2O = (K+ • 2H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°70. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrH°67.4kJ/molHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1969gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°101.J/mol*KHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1969gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
38.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C7H10N+ + Water = (C7H10N+ • Water)

By formula: C7H10N+ + H2O = (C7H10N+ • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°56.5kJ/molPHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; ring to N proton shift on hydration; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.J/mol*KN/ALau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
17.433.PHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

C7H10NO+ + Water = (C7H10NO+ • Water)

By formula: C7H10NO+ + H2O = (C7H10NO+ • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°43.1kJ/molPHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.J/mol*KN/ALau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
3.433.PHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

C7H10NS + Water = (C7H10NS • Water)

By formula: C7H10NS + H2O = (C7H10NS • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°44.4kJ/molPHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.J/mol*KN/ALau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
4.6433.PHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

C8H12N+ + Water = (C8H12N+ • Water)

By formula: C8H12N+ + H2O = (C8H12N+ • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°55.2kJ/molPHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.J/mol*KN/ALau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
15.434.PHPMSLau, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, ring to N proton shift on hydration; M

Nitric oxide anion + Water = (Nitric oxide anion • Water)

By formula: NO- + H2O = (NO- • H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°77.4kJ/molPHPMSFrench, Hills, et al., 1973gas phase; M
ΔrH°69.5kJ/molPESEaton, Arnold, et al., 1990gas phase; M
ΔrH°95.0kJ/molMSBurdett and Hayhurst, 1982gas phase; flame source, about 1600 K; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.2J/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Hills, et al., 1973gas phase; M
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KMSBurdett and Hayhurst, 1982gas phase; flame source, about 1600 K; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
53.1296.SAMSPuckett and Teague, 1971gas phase; switching reaction(NO+)NO; M

HCO2 anion + Water = (HCO2 anion • Water)

By formula: CHO2- + H2O = (CHO2- • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°66.9 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°38. ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner and Sieck, 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°35.1 ± 0.84kJ/molN/AViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase; B
ΔrG°38.5 ± 1.3kJ/molTDAsBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

ClO2- + Water = (ClO2- • Water)

By formula: ClO2- + H2O = (ClO2- • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°63.6 ± 2.1kJ/molTherTschurl and Boesl, 2007gas phase; affinity is difference from ClO2- EA, corrected for calculated neutral BE of 0.09 eV; B
ΔrH°66.9 ± 6.3kJ/molTDAsBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°37.7 ± 1.3kJ/molTDAsBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

(Hydroxyl anion • 3Water) + Water = (Hydroxyl anion • 4Water)

By formula: (HO- • 3H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 4H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°50.2kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; deuterated; M
ΔrH°59.4kJ/molPHPMSArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; deuterated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°88.3J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; deuterated; M
ΔrS°123.J/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; deuterated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°23.kJ/molFAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; M

(Oxygen anion • Water) + Water = (Oxygen anion • 2Water)

By formula: (O2- • H2O) + H2O = (O2- • 2H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°72.0 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°105.J/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°40.6kJ/molTDAsArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°36. ± 4.2kJ/molIMREPayzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B
ΔrG°41. ± 4.2kJ/molIMREPack and Phelps, 1971gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
35.300.PHPMSPayzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M

(Cesium ion (1+) • 2Water) + Water = (Cesium ion (1+) • 3Water)

By formula: (Cs+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (Cs+ • 3H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°41.kJ/molDTMcKnight and Sawina, 1972gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
ΔrH°46.9kJ/molHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°69.5J/mol*KDTMcKnight and Sawina, 1972gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
ΔrS°99.2J/mol*KHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°20.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction, electric fields; M

(Hydronium cation • 6Water) + Water = (Hydronium cation • 7Water)

By formula: (H3O+ • 6H2O) + H2O = (H3O+ • 7H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°28.kJ/molCIDMagnera, David, et al., 1991gas phase; M
ΔrH°43.1kJ/molHPMSKebarle, Searles, et al., 1967gas phase; M
ΔrH°50.33kJ/molMKERShi, Ford, et al., 1993gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°110.J/mol*KHPMSKebarle, Searles, et al., 1967gas phase; M
ΔrS°218.9J/mol*KMKERShi, Ford, et al., 1993gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

(Nitric oxide anion • Water) + Water = (Nitric oxide anion • 2Water)

By formula: (NO- • H2O) + H2O = (NO- • 2H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°65.69kJ/molN/AEaton, Arnold, et al., 1990gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 1.860±0.020 eV; B,M
ΔrH°67.4kJ/molPHPMSFrench, Hills, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°107.J/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Hills, et al., 1973gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
35.293.HPMSMcAdams and Bone, 1972gas phase; M
36.296.FAHoward, Rundle, et al., 1971gas phase; M
36.296.SAMSPuckett and Teague, 1971gas phase; M

(Bromine anion • 4Water) + Water = (Bromine anion • 5Water)

By formula: (Br- • 4H2O) + H2O = (Br- • 5H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°45.2 ± 1.3kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°26. ± 9.6kJ/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°119.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9.6 ± 5.0kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Bromine anion • 5Water) + Water = (Bromine anion • 6Water)

By formula: (Br- • 5H2O) + H2O = (Br- • 6H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°43.1 ± 2.1kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°25. ± 9.6kJ/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°118.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.5 ± 8.8kJ/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Mg+2 • 10Water) + Water = (Mg+2 • 11Water)

By formula: (Mg+2 • 10H2O) + H2O = (Mg+2 • 11H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°60. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
30.293.ES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M
31.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Mg+2 • 11Water) + Water = (Mg+2 • 12Water)

By formula: (Mg+2 • 11H2O) + H2O = (Mg+2 • 12H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°60. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ABlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
28.293.ES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M
30.300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Oxygen anion • 2Water) + Water = (Oxygen anion • 3Water)

By formula: (O2- • 2H2O) + H2O = (O2- • 3H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°64.4 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°118.J/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°29.3kJ/molTDAsArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°26. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
22.296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; M
30.300.PHPMSPayzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M

(Hydroxyl anion • 2Water) + Water = (Hydroxyl anion • 3Water)

By formula: (HO- • 2H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°67.8kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; deuterated; M
ΔrH°63.2kJ/molPHPMSArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; deuterated; M
ΔrH°75.kJ/molCIDDePaz, Giardini, et al., 1970gas phase; deuterated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°101.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; deuterated; M
ΔrS°104.J/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; deuterated; M

(NO3 anion • 2Water) + Water = (NO3 anion • 3Water)

By formula: (NO3- • 2H2O) + H2O = (NO3- • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°45.6 ± 6.3kJ/molTDAsBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
ΔrH°57.7kJ/molHPMSLee, Keesee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°139.J/mol*KHPMSLee, Keesee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°16.3 ± 1.3kJ/molTDAsBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

HO- + Hydrogen cation = Water

By formula: HO- + H+ = H2O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°1633.141 ± 0.042kJ/molD-EASmith, Kim, et al., 1997gas phase; Given: 14741.02(3) cm-1. dHacid(0K) = 389.11±0.014; B
ΔrH°1622.1kJ/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; MnBr3-; ; ΔS(EA)=1.7; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°1605.57 ± 0.25kJ/molH-TSSmith, Kim, et al., 1997gas phase; Given: 14741.02(3) cm-1. dHacid(0K) = 389.11±0.014; B
ΔrG°1594.5kJ/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; MnBr3-; ; ΔS(EA)=1.7; B

(Lithium ion (1+) • 2Water) + Water = (Lithium ion (1+) • 3Water)

By formula: (Li+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (Li+ • 3H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°94.1 ± 4.2kJ/molCIDTRodgers and Armentrout, 2000RCD
ΔrH°70. ± 10.kJ/molHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray; M
ΔrH°86.6kJ/molHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KHPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray; M
ΔrS°104.J/mol*KHPMSDzidic and Kebarle, 1970gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
41.8300.HPMSBlades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990gas phase; electrospray; M

NH4+ + Water = (NH4+ • Water)

By formula: H4N+ + H2O = (H4N+ • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°86.2kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; M
ΔrH°83.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrH°72.4kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°103.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°96.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; M
ΔrS°82.4J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M

Water + Propane, 2,2-dimethoxy- = 2Methyl Alcohol + Acetone

By formula: H2O + C5H12O2 = 2CH4O + C3H6O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.3 ± 0.04kJ/molCmWiberg, Morgan, et al., 1994liquid phase; ALS
ΔrH°20.43 ± 0.04kJ/molCmWiberg and Squires, 1979liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS
ΔrH°20.433 ± 0.028kJ/molCmWiberg and Squires, 1979, 2liquid phase; solvent: Water; Hydrolysis; ALS
ΔrH°-16.5 ± 0.2kJ/molCmStern and Dorer, 1962liquid phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 15.4 ± 0.2 kJ/mol; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS

Fluorine anion + Water = (Fluorine anion • Water)

By formula: F- + H2O = (F- • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°114.6 ± 2.1kJ/molTDAsWeis, Kemper, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°97.49kJ/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°72.8J/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°91.6 ± 2.1kJ/molTDAsWeis, Kemper, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°75.7 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

El-Shall, Schriver, et al., 1989
El-Shall, M.S.; Schriver, K.E.; Whetten, R.L.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Ion/Molecule Clustering Thermochemistry by Laser Ionization High - Pressure Mass Spectrometry, J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 93, 24, 7969, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100361a002 . [all data]

Magnera, David, et al., 1989
Magnera, T.F.; David, D.E.; Michl, J., Gas -Phase Water and Hydroxyl Binding Energies for Monopoisitive First - Row Transition - Metal Ions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 11, 4101, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00193a051 . [all data]

Magnera, David, et al., 1989, 2
Magnera, T.F.; David, D.E.; Stulik, D.; Orth, R.G.; Jorikman, H.T.; Michl, J., Production of Hydrated Metal Ions by Fast Ion or Atom Beam Sputtering. Collision - Induced Dissociation and Successive Hydration Energies of Gaseous Cu+ with 1 - 4 Water Molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 14, 5036, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00196a003 . [all data]

Armentrout and Kickel, 1994
Armentrout, P.B.; Kickel, B.L., Gas Phase Thermochemistry of Transition Metal Ligand Systems: Reassessment of Values and Periodic Trends, in Organometallic Ion Chemistry, B. S. Freiser, ed, 1994. [all data]

Lau, Ikuta, et al., 1982
Lau, Y.K.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Thermodynamics and Kinetics of the Gas - Phase Reactions: H3O+(H2O)n - 1 + H2O = H3O+(H2O)n, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104, 6, 1462, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00370a002 . [all data]

Kebarle, Searles, et al., 1967
Kebarle, P.; Searles, S.K.; Zolla, A.; Scarborough, J.; Arshadi, M., The Solvation of the Hydrogen Ion by Water Molecules in the Gas Phase. Heats and Entropies of Solvation of the Individual Reactions: H+(H2O)n-1 + H2O = H+(H2O)n, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1967, 89, 25, 6393, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01001a001 . [all data]

Shi, Ford, et al., 1993
Shi, Z.; Ford, V.; Wei, S.; Castleman, A.W., Water Clusters - Contributions of Binding Energy and Entropy to Stability, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 99, 10, 8009, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.465678 . [all data]

Magnera, David, et al., 1991
Magnera, T.F.; David, D.E.; Michl, J., The First Twenty - Eight Proton Hydration Energies, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1991, 182, 3-4, 363, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(91)80230-U . [all data]

Hiraoka and Mizuse, 1987
Hiraoka, K.; Mizuse, S., Gas-Phase Solvation of Cl- with H2O, CH3OH, C2H4OH, i-C3H7OH, n-C3H7OH, and t-C4H9OH, Chem. Phys., 1987, 118, 3, 457, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(87)85078-4 . [all data]

Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994
Markovich, G.; Pollack, S.; Giniger, R.; Cheshnovsky, O., Photoelectron spectroscopy of Cl-, Br-, and I- solvated in water clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 101, 11, 9344, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.467965 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988
Hiraoka, K.; Mizuse, S.; Yamabe, S., Solvation of Halide Ions with H2O and CH3CN in the Gas Phase, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 13, 3943, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100324a051 . [all data]

Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968
Kebarle, P.; Arshadi, M.; Scarborough, J., Hydration of Negative Ions in the Gas Phase, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 49, 2, 817, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1670145 . [all data]

Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970
Arshadi, M.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of Halide Negative Ions in the Gas Phase. II. Comparison of Hydration Energies for the Alkali Positive and Halide Negative Ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1475, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a014 . [all data]

Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000
Rodgers, M.T.; Armentrout, P.B., Noncovalent Metal-Ligand Bond Energies as Studied by Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 2000, 19, 4, 215, https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2787(200007)19:4<215::AID-MAS2>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970
Dzidic, I.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of the Alkali Ions in the Gas Phase. Enthalpies and Entropies of Reactions M+(H2O)n-1 + H2O = M+(H2O)n, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1466, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a013 . [all data]

Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990
Blades, A.T.; Jayaweera, P.; Ikonomou, M.G.; Kebarle, P., Studies of Alkaline - Earth and Transition - Metal M++ Gas - Phase Ion Chemistry, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 92, 10, 5900, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458360 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989
Meot-Ner (Mautner) M.; Speller, C.V., Multicomponent Cluster Ions. 2. Comparative Stabilities of Cationic and Anionic Hydrogen Bonded Networks. Mixed Clusters of Water and Hydrogen Cyanide, J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 93, 9, 3663, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100346a058 . [all data]

Meot-ner, 1988
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Notes

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