Water

Formula: H₂O
Molecular weight: 18.0153
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 7732-18-5
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
Other names: Water vapor; Distilled water; Ice; H2O; Dihydrogen oxide; steam; Tritiotope
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 100, reactions 101 to 150, reactions 151 to 200, reactions 201 to 250, reactions 251 to 300, reactions 301 to 350, reactions 351 to 400, reactions 401 to 450, reactions 451 to 500, reactions 501 to 550, reactions 551 to 600, reactions 601 to 650, reactions 651 to 700, reactions 701 to 750, reactions 751 to 800, reactions 801 to 850, reactions 851 to 900, reactions 901 to 950, reactions 951 to 1000, reactions 1001 to 1050, reactions 1051 to 1100, reactions 1101 to 1150, reactions 1151 to 1200, reactions 1201 to 1250, reactions 1251 to 1300, reactions 1301 to 1350, reactions 1351 to 1360
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	-241.826 ± 0.040	kJ/mol	Review	Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984	CODATA Review value
Δ_fH°_gas	-241.83	kJ/mol	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in March, 1979
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_{gas,1 bar}	188.835 ± 0.010	J/mol*K	Review	Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984	CODATA Review value
S°_{gas,1 bar}	188.84	J/mol*K	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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View table.

Temperature (K)	500. to 1700.	1700. to 6000.
A	30.09200	41.96426
B	6.832514	8.622053
C	6.793435	-1.499780
D	-2.534480	0.098119
E	0.082139	-11.15764
F	-250.8810	-272.1797
G	223.3967	219.7809
H	-241.8264	-241.8264
Reference	Chase, 1998	Chase, 1998
Comment	Data last reviewed in March, 1979	Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_liquid	-285.830 ± 0.040	kJ/mol	Review	Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984	CODATA Review value
Δ_fH°_liquid	-285.83	kJ/mol	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in March, 1979
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_liquid	69.95 ± 0.03	J/mol*K	Review	Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984	CODATA Review value
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_{liquid,1 bar}	69.95	J/mol*K	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

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Temperature (K)	298. to 500.
A	-203.6060
B	1523.290
C	-3196.413
D	2474.455
E	3.855326
F	-256.5478
G	-488.7163
H	-285.8304
Reference	Chase, 1998
Comment	Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Phase change data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	373.17 ± 0.04	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_triple	0.0061	bar	N/A	Sato, Watanabe, et al., 1991	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.×10^-7 bar; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_c	647. ± 2.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_c	220.64	bar	N/A	Sato, Watanabe, et al., 1991	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 bar; TRC
P_c	220.60	bar	N/A	Brunner, 1990	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.12 bar; TRC
P_c	220.46	bar	N/A	Morita, Sato, et al., 1989	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.25 bar; based on analysis of their obs. PVT and vapor pressure data some other data from literature; TRC
P_c	220.64	bar	N/A	Aleksandrov, 1986	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.30 bar; TRC
P_c	220.64	bar	N/A	Sifner, 1985	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0001 bar; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
ρ_c	17.9	mol/l	N/A	Sato, Watanabe, et al., 1991	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 mol/l; TRC
ρ_c	17.91	mol/l	N/A	Morita, Sato, et al., 1989	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.083 mol/l; based on analysis of obs. PVT and vapor pressure data; TRC
ρ_c	17.9	mol/l	N/A	Aleksandrov, 1986	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 mol/l; TRC
ρ_c	17.9	mol/l	N/A	Sifner, 1985	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 mol/l; TRC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
379. to 573.	3.55959	643.748	-198.043	Liu and Lindsay, 1970	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
273. to 303.	5.40221	1838.675	-31.737	Bridgeman and Aldrich, 1964	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
304. to 333.	5.20389	1733.926	-39.485	Bridgeman and Aldrich, 1964	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
334. to 363.	5.0768	1659.793	-45.854	Bridgeman and Aldrich, 1964	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
344. to 373.	5.08354	1663.125	-45.622	Bridgeman and Aldrich, 1964	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
293. to 343.	6.20963	2354.731	7.559	Gubkov, Fermor, et al., 1964	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
255.9 to 373.	4.6543	1435.264	-64.848	Stull, 1947	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
MS - José A. Martinho Simões

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Cl^- + H₂O = (Cl^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	60. ± 20.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 11 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	81. ± 10.	J/mol*K	AVG	N/A	Average of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	40. ± 20.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 9 values; Individual data points

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (H₃O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (H₃O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	73. ± 4.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 9 out of 16 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	118. ± 8.	J/mol*K	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	39.	kJ/mol	FA	Bierbaum, Golde, et al., 1976	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
38.	300.	HPMS	Arifov, Pozharov, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
38.	296.	SAMS	Puckett and Teague, 1971	gas phase; M
35.	300.	PHPMS	Good, Durden, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
35.	307.	PHPMS	Good, Durden, et al., 1970, 2	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: CH₃O⁺ + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	119.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Davidson, Sunner J., et al., 1979, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984; M
Δ_rH°	117.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2O)2H+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1976, Wolf, Staley, et al., 1977; M
Δ_rH°	119.	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	120.	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	120.	kJ/mol	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	N/A	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	N/A	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	112.	J/mol*K	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	85.4	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rG°	85.8	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: H₃O⁺ + H₂O = (H₃O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	136. ± 9.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 out of 14 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	120. ± 30.	J/mol*K	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 7 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
34.	300.	HPMS	Arifov, Pozharov, et al., 1971	gas phase; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (H₃O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (H₃O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	84. ± 5.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 out of 14 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	94. ± 20.	J/mol*K	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 7 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
36.	300.	HPMS	Arifov, Pozharov, et al., 1971	gas phase; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (H₃O⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (H₃O⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56. ± 20.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	100. ± 20.	J/mol*K	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	23.	kJ/mol	FA	Bierbaum, Golde, et al., 1976	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
24.	293.	ES/HPMS	Klassen, Blades, et al., 1995	gas phase; M
23.	296.	SAMS	Puckett and Teague, 1971	gas phase; M
21.	300.	PHPMS	Good, Durden, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
21.	307.	PHPMS	Good, Durden, et al., 1970, 2	gas phase; M
29.	300.	HPMS	Arifov, Pozharov, et al., 1971	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: NO₃^- + H₂O = (NO₃^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	61.09 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	N/A	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	59.0 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	51.88	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	61.9	kJ/mol	ATM	Arnold and Qiu, 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rH°	80.3	kJ/mol	FA	Bohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984	gas phase; switching reaction(NO3-)H2O; Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	100.	J/mol*K	N/A	Arnold and Qiu, 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rS°	89.1	J/mol*K	FA	Bohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984	gas phase; switching reaction(NO3-)H2O; Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980; M
Δ_rS°	79.9	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	30.1 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	29.7 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	30.5 ± 0.42	kJ/mol	TDAs	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	28.0	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
37.	250.	ATM	Arnold and Qiu, 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
28.	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; M
29.	300.	SAMS	Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1972	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: NO₂^- + H₂O = (NO₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	65. ± 20.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Sieck, 1985	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	83.7	J/mol*K	FA	Bohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984	gas phase; switching reaction(NO2-)H2O; Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980; M
Δ_rS°	99.6	J/mol*K	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	88.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	35.6 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Sieck, 1985	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	35.6 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	34. ± 24.	kJ/mol	Endo	Paulson and Dale, 1982	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	33.9 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	33.5	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
33.	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; M
35.	300.	SAMS	Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1972	gas phase; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (Na⁺ • 4H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	55. ± 4.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	99. ± 10.	J/mol*K	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26.	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996	gas phase; M

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
54.8 (+5.9,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Na+ (3s0); M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
28.	293.	ES/HPMS	Klassen, Blades, et al., 1995	gas phase; M
27.	300.	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (Cl^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (Cl^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48. ± 7.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	93.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	93.7	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	97.1	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	21. ± 2.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: I^- + H₂O = (I^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43. ± 3.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	64.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	80.8	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	68.2	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	23. ± 1.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
22.	300.	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (I^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (I^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.4 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	39.7	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	39.7 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	41. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	41. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	73.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	84.9	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	79.5	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	17. ± 2.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
17.	300.	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (Cl^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (Cl^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	53. ± 5.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	85.8	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	87.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	28. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Mizuse, 1987	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	27.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	27. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	27.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	28.	kJ/mol	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	90.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	83.3	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	82.8	kJ/mol	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	N/A	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	50.6	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	73.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	70.7	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)3H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	71.1	kJ/mol	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	107.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	109.	J/mol*K	N/A	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)3H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	109.	J/mol*K	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	38.	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)3H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

( • 4 Water ) + Water = ( • 5 Water )

By formula: (H₃O⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (H₃O⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	50. ± 8.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102. ± 20.	J/mol*K	AVG	N/A	Average of 4 out of 6 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
19.	293.	ES/HPMS	Klassen, Blades, et al., 1995	gas phase; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (Na⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (Na⁺ • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	79. ± 8.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.9	J/mol*K	HPMS	Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	96.	J/mol*K	N/A	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
82.0 (+5.9,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Na+ (3s0); M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
41.8	300.	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (Na⁺ • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	62.3	kJ/mol	HPMS	Tang, Lian, et al., 1976	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	66.1	kJ/mol	HPMS	Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	69.9 ± 5.9	kJ/mol	CIDT	Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000	RCD
Δ_rH°	67.4	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	70. ± 10.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Tang, Lian, et al., 1976	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	91.6	J/mol*K	HPMS	Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.0	J/mol*K	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	96.	J/mol*K	N/A	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	40.	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996	gas phase; M

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
70.3 (+5.9,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Na+ (3s0); M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
39.	300.	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electrospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (Cl^- • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (Cl^- • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	44.4 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Mizuse, 1987	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	40.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	44. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	45.6 ± 2.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	46.4 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	95.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	104.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	108.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	16. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Mizuse, 1987	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	14.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	14.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	17. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (NO₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (NO₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.4 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	54.0 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	54.0 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	56.9	kJ/mol	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	99.2	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	25.1 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	24. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	24.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	26. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
25.	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; M
24.	300.	SAMS	Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1972	gas phase; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	72.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986	gas phase; Δ_rH?, Entropy change is questionable, appear out of line; M
Δ_rH°	57.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; Δ_rH of 51.9 kJ/mol from plot is too small; M
Δ_rH°	61.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	120.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986	gas phase; Δ_rH?, Entropy change is questionable, appear out of line; M
Δ_rS°	92.0	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; Δ_rH of 51.9 kJ/mol from plot is too small; M
Δ_rS°	91.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	37.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
19.	414.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; Δ_rH of 51.9 kJ/mol from plot is too small; M

C₁₆H₃₄OP₂Ru (solution) + (solution) = C₂₈H₄₃NP₂Ru (solution) + Water (solution)

By formula: C₁₆H₃₄OP₂Ru (solution) + C₁₂H₁₁N (solution) = C₂₈H₄₃NP₂Ru (solution) + H₂O (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.0 ± 0.4	kJ/mol	EqS	Bryndza, Fong, et al., 1987	solvent: Tetrahydrofuran; In a series of reactions involving similar ruthenium complexes, the reaction enthalpy was identified with the reaction Gibbs energy, since the entropy values are expected to be small Bryndza, Fong, et al., 1987. For this reaction, however a van't Hoff plot could be used. Temperature range: 293-328 K; MS
Δ_rH°	19.7	kJ/mol	EqS	Bryndza, Fong, et al., 1987	solvent: Benzene; The reaction enthalpy was identified with the reaction Gibbs energy, since the the entropy is expected to be small Bryndza, Fong, et al., 1987; MS

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: C₂H₃O₂^- + H₂O = (C₂H₃O₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	68.6 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Wincel, 2008	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	66.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	66.9 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	68.6 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	66.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	94.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; ion given as C2H3COO- in paper by error; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	38. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	N/A	Wincel, 2008	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	39.8	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	39. ± 6.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	39.3 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (I^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (I^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	38.9 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	36. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	38.5 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	39. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	39. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	85.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	87.9	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	89.1	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	12.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman, 1980	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	13.0 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	14. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

C₂H₅NaO (cr) + 0.5( • 1100 Water ) (solution) = (solution) + 0.5 (solution)

By formula: C₂H₅NaO (cr) + 0.5(H₂O₄S • 1100H₂O) (solution) = C₂H₆O (solution) + 0.5Na₂O₄S (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-118.4 ± 3.8	kJ/mol	RSC	Blanchard, Joly, et al., 1974	solvent: Sulphuric acid aqueous solution; The reaction enthalpy relies on -10.6 kJ/mol for the enthalpy of solution of EtOH(l) and on 9.97±0.04 for the enthalpy of solution of Na2SO4(cr) Blanchard, Joly, et al., 1974. A value of -490.8 ± 5.9 kJ/mol was derived in Blanchard, Joly, et al., 1974 for the enthalpy of formation. However, this value is affected by a calculation error. Also, the authors have not accounted for the acid dilution (this correction could not be made in the present database, due to lack of information). These problems were also noted in the data compilations Tel'noi and Rabinovich, 1980 and Wagman, Evans W.H., et al., 1982, where the values quoted for the enthalpy of formation, which rely on the experimental data reported in Blanchard, Joly, et al., 1974, are -410.0 ± 4.2 kJ/mol and -413.8 kJ/mol, respectively. See also comments in Liebman, Martinho Simões, et al., 1995; MS

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: K⁺ + H₂O = (K⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	70.7	kJ/mol	HPMS	Davidson and Kebarle, 1976	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	70. ± 10.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rH°	81. ± 10.	kJ/mol	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; flame source, about 1600 K; M
Δ_rH°	74.9	kJ/mol	HPMS	Searles and Kebarle, 1969	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	83.3	J/mol*K	HPMS	Davidson and Kebarle, 1976	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	96.	J/mol*K	N/A	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rS°	89.1	J/mol*K	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; flame source, about 1600 K; M
Δ_rS°	90.4	J/mol*K	HPMS	Searles and Kebarle, 1969	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
38.	300.	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
2.	840.	MS	Chupka, 1959	gas phase; Knudsen cell, 840+-50K; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	51.04	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	51.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	51.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	75.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	95.8	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	23. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	22.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	24. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

CN^- + Water = (CN^- • Water )

By formula: CN^- + H₂O = (CN^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	53.1 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	61.1 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,B,M,M
Δ_rH°	57.74	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	61.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rS°	75.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	30.5 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	36. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	36. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	33.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.7 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	28.9	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	48.1 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	48.1 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	94.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	104.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	20. ± 4.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	17. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	17.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	18. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (NO₂^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (NO₂^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.1 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	43.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	43.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	49.0	kJ/mol	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	108.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	88.7	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	18.8 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	17. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	17.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	19. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Br^- + H₂O = (Br^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	53.14	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	49.0 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	52.72	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	53.1	kJ/mol	HPMS	Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	61.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	77.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; FLAME SOURCE, 1600 K; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	30.5 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	29. ± 12.	kJ/mol	TDAs	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	29. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B

CH₂N⁺ + Water = (CH₂N⁺ • Water )

By formula: CH₂N⁺ + H₂O = (CH₂N⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	115.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rH°	124.	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	101.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rS°	120.	J/mol*K	N/A	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
87.9	300.	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: HO^- + H₂O = (HO^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	113. ± 4.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 3 out of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	118.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Paul and Kebarle, 1990	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	91.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986	gas phase; deuterated; M
Δ_rS°	87.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	79.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; deuterated; M

HO^- + Water = (HO^- • Water )

By formula: HO^- + H₂O = (HO^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	120. ± 30.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	80.3 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Paul and Kebarle, 1990	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	84.1 ± 6.7	kJ/mol	TDEq	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	83.7 ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	77.82	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (F^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (F^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	80.3 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Stated electron affinity is the Vertical Detachment Energy; B,M
Δ_rH°	69.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	69.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	78.2	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	52.3 ± 6.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Stated electron affinity is the Vertical Detachment Energy; B
Δ_rG°	46.0 ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	46.02	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₃O₂^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₃O₂^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.4 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	51.0 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	49.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	24.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	21.8 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	25.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.02 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	26. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	45.6 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	112.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	13.0 ± 2.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	12.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	14. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

O₃P^- + Water = (O₃P^- • Water )

By formula: O₃P^- + H₂O = (O₃P^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.0 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman Jr., 1989	gas phase; Not (HO)2PO2-. See also Blades, Ho, et al., 1996 : (HO)2PO2- -> PO3- + HOH, Eact ca. 55 kcal/mol.; B,M,M
Δ_rH°	52.7	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Ho, et al., 1996, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.0	J/mol*K	ES/HPMS	Blades, Ho, et al., 1996, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.9	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman Jr., 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	87.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee and Castleman Jr., 1989	gas phase; deuterated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26. ± 5.0	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee and Castleman Jr., 1989	gas phase; Not (HO)2PO2-. See also Blades, Ho, et al., 1996 : (HO)2PO2- -> PO3- + HOH, Eact ca. 55 kcal/mol.; B
Δ_rG°	27.	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Ho, et al., 1996, 2	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Na⁺ + H₂O = (Na⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	100.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	87.9 ± 5.9	kJ/mol	CIDC	Amicangelo and Armentrout, 2001	Anchor NH3=24.41; RCD
Δ_rH°	82.0 ± 5.9	kJ/mol	CIDC	Amicangelo and Armentrout, 2001	Anchor NH3=24.41; RCD
Δ_rH°	95.0 ± 7.9	kJ/mol	CIDT	Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000	RCD
Δ_rH°	111.	kJ/mol	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; flame source, 1600 K; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	90.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; flame source, 1600 K; M

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
94.6 (+7.5,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Na+ (3s0); M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
65.7	298.	IMRE	McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000	Anchor alanine=39.89; RCD

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (K⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.4	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	60. ± 10.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rH°	55.2	kJ/mol	HPMS	Searles and Kebarle, 1969	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	94.1	J/mol*K	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	96.	J/mol*K	N/A	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rS°	96.2	J/mol*K	HPMS	Searles and Kebarle, 1969	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26.	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
28.	300.	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₃O₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₃O₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.0 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	57.7 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	53.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	54.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	79.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	85.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	29.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	28.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • 6 Water ) + Water = ( • 7 Water )

By formula: (Cl^- • 6H₂O) + H₂O = (Cl^- • 7H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	34. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Mizuse, 1987	gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B
Δ_rH°	28.9	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	34.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	8.8 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Mizuse, 1987	gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Rb⁺ + H₂O = (Rb⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	66.5	kJ/mol	HPMS	Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	70. ± 10.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rH°	66.9	kJ/mol	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; flame source, about 1600 K; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.7	J/mol*K	HPMS	Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	96.	J/mol*K	N/A	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rS°	84.1	J/mol*K	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; flame source, about 1600 K; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
39.	300.	HPMS	Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990	gas phase; electospray, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (NO₃^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (NO₃^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	51.0 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	59.8	kJ/mol	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	127.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Lee, Keesee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	21.8 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	21.8 ± 0.42	kJ/mol	TDAs	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
22.	301.	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M
21.	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; M

C₄H₆N⁺ + Water = (C₄H₆N⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₄H₆N⁺ + H₂O = (C₄H₆N⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Nicol, Sunner, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	57.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	67.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), Ross, et al., 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Δ_rH<; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	97.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Nicol, Sunner, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	130.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), Ross, et al., 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Δ_rH<; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
21.	344.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), Ross, et al., 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Δ_rH<; M

C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ + Water = (C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	118.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	97.5	J/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
89.5	309.	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

C₄H₅O⁺ + Water = (C₄H₅O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₄H₅O⁺ + H₂O = (C₄H₅O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Nicol, Sunner, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	42.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	67.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), Ross, et al., 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Δ_rH<; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Nicol, Sunner, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	130.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), Ross, et al., 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Δ_rH<; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
18.	382.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), Ross, et al., 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, Δ_rH<; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (F^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (F^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	64.0 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	57.3 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	57.3 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	95.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	85.4	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	35. ± 5.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	32. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	31.8	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (HO^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (HO^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	73.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986	gas phase; deuterated; M
Δ_rH°	75.	kJ/mol	CID	Hierl and Paulson, 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	74.9	kJ/mol	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	68.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; deuterated; M
Δ_rH°	96.	kJ/mol	CID	DePaz, Giardini, et al., 1970	gas phase; deuterated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986	gas phase; deuterated; M
Δ_rS°	88.7	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	80.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970	gas phase; deuterated; M

C₂H₄F₃O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₄F₃O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₄F₃O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₄F₃O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	128.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	99.6	J/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
97.9	309.	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to H₂O⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
IE (evaluated)	12.621 ± 0.002	eV	N/A	N/A	L
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Proton affinity (review)	691.	kJ/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Gas basicity	660.0	kJ/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
12.65 ± 0.05	EI	Snow and Thomas, 1990	LL
12.6188 ± 0.0009	PI	Page, Larkin, et al., 1988	LL
12.6223 ± 0.0003	PE	Reutt, Wang, et al., 1986	LBLHLM
12.6 ± 0.1	EI	Grade, Wienecke, et al., 1983	LBLHLM
12.63 ± 0.03	EI	Lefaivre and Marmet, 1978	LLK
12.612	S	Gurtler, Saile, et al., 1977	LLK
12.627	PE	Botter and Carlier, 1977	LLK
12.616	PE	Kronebusch and Berkowitz, 1976	LLK
12.624	PE	Dixon, Duxbury, et al., 1976	LLK
12.615 ± 0.001	PE	Karlsson, Mattson, et al., 1975	LLK
12.6	PE	Debies and Rabalais, 1975	LLK
12.6	PI	Rabalais, Debies, et al., 1974	LLK
12.615 ± 0.001	PE	Bergmark, Karlsson, et al., 1974	LLK
12.619	PE	Robin and Kuebler, 1973	LLK
12.7	EI	Morrison and Traeger, 1973	LLK
12.619 ± 0.006	S	Katayama, Huffman, et al., 1973	LLK
12.62	PE	Potts and Price, 1972	LLK
12.624	PE	Asbrink and Rabalais, 1971	LLK
12.65	CI	Cermak, 1968	RDSH
12.62 ± 0.01	PE	Brundle and Turner, 1968	RDSH
12.59 ± 0.01	PI	Dibeler, Walker, et al., 1966	RDSH
12.614 ± 0.005	PI	Brehm, 1966	RDSH
12.597 ± 0.010	PI	Nicholson, 1965	RDSH
12.60 ± 0.01	EI	Frost and McDowell, 1958	RDSH
12.62 ± 0.02	S	Price, 1936	RDSH
12.62	PE	Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981	Vertical value; LLK
11.8	PE	Campbell, Liesegang, et al., 1979	Vertical value; LLK
12.61	PE	Benoit and Harrison, 1977	Vertical value; LLK
12.61	PE	Wieczorek, Koenig, et al., 1975	Vertical value; LLK
12.60 ± 0.02	PE	Banna and Shirley, 1975	Vertical value; LLK
12.62	PE	Schweig and Thiel, 1974	Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
H⁺	16.95 ± 0.05	OH	EI	Lefaivre and Marmet, 1978	LLK
H⁺	18.7 ± 0.05	OH(X₂P)	EI	Appell and Durup, 1973	LLK
H⁺	16.0 ± 0.3	OH^-	EI	Cottin, 1959	RDSH
H⁺	19.6 ± 0.25	OH	EI	Cottin, 1959	RDSH
HO⁺	18.08 ± 0.05	H	EI	Lefaivre and Marmet, 1978	LLK
HO⁺	18.115 ± 0.008	H	PI	McCulloh, 1976	LLK
HO⁺	18.2	H	EI	Morrison and Traeger, 1973	LLK
HO⁺	18.05	H	PI	Dibeler, Walker, et al., 1966	RDSH
HO⁺	18.2 ± 0.1	H	EI	Foner and Hudson, 1956	RDSH
H₂⁺	20.7 ± 0.4	O	EI	Ehrhardt and Kresling, 1967	RDSH
O⁺	19.0	H₂	EI	Morrison and Traeger, 1973	LLK
O⁺	26.8	2H	EI	Morrison and Traeger, 1973	LLK
O⁺	19.0 ± 0.2	H₂	EI	Ehrhardt and Kresling, 1967	RDSH
O⁺	26.5 ± 0.3	2H?	EI	Ehrhardt and Kresling, 1967	RDSH
O⁺	29.15 ± 0.25	2H?	EI	Cottin, 1959	RDSH

De-protonation reactions

HO^- + = Water

By formula: HO^- + H⁺ = H₂O

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1633.141 ± 0.042	kJ/mol	D-EA	Smith, Kim, et al., 1997	gas phase; Given: 14741.02(3) cm-1. dHacid(0K) = 389.11±0.014; B
Δ_rH°	1622.1	kJ/mol	N/A	Check, Faust, et al., 2001	gas phase; MnBr3-; ; ΔS(EA)=1.7; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1605.57 ± 0.25	kJ/mol	H-TS	Smith, Kim, et al., 1997	gas phase; Given: 14741.02(3) cm-1. dHacid(0K) = 389.11±0.014; B
Δ_rG°	1594.5	kJ/mol	N/A	Check, Faust, et al., 2001	gas phase; MnBr3-; ; ΔS(EA)=1.7; B

Ion clustering data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Ag⁺ + H₂O = (Ag⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	139.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	119.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (Ag⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (Ag⁺ • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	106.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	93.3	J/mol*K	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (Ag⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (Ag⁺ • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	62.8	kJ/mol	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	90.4	J/mol*K	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (Ag⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (Ag⁺ • 4H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	62.3	kJ/mol	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	123.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M

( • 4 Water ) + Water = ( • 5 Water )

By formula: (Ag⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (Ag⁺ • 5H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	57.3	kJ/mol	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	127.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M

( • 5 Water ) + Water = ( • 6 Water )

By formula: (Ag⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (Ag⁺ • 6H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	55.6	kJ/mol	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	135.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Holland and Castleman, 1982	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Al⁺ + H₂O = (Al⁺ • H₂O)

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
104. (+15.,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Al+ (3s2); M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (Al⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (Al⁺ • 2H₂O)

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
67.4 (+5.0,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Al+ (3s2); M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (Al⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (Al⁺ • 3H₂O)

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
63.6 (+7.5,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Al+ (3s2); M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (Al⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (Al⁺ • 4H₂O)

Enthalpy of reaction

Δ_rH° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
52.3 (+5.9,-0.)		CID	Dalleska, Tjelta, et al., 1994	gas phase; guided ion beam CID, Al+ (3s2); M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Bi⁺ + H₂O = (Bi⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	95.4	kJ/mol	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (Bi⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (Bi⁺ • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	74.1	kJ/mol	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	107.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (Bi⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (Bi⁺ • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.6	kJ/mol	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (Bi⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (Bi⁺ • 4H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	50.2	kJ/mol	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	98.3	J/mol*K	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M

( • 4 Water ) + Water = ( • 5 Water )

By formula: (Bi⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (Bi⁺ • 5H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.9	kJ/mol	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	95.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M

( • 5 Water ) + Water = ( • 6 Water )

By formula: (Bi⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (Bi⁺ • 6H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	98.7	J/mol*K	HPMS	Tang and Castleman, 1974	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: Br^- + H₂O = (Br^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	53.14	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	49.0 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	52.72	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	53.1	kJ/mol	HPMS	Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	61.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	77.0	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	MS	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; FLAME SOURCE, 1600 K; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	30.5 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	29. ± 12.	kJ/mol	TDAs	Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	29. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	51.04	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	51.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	51.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	75.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	95.8	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	23. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	22.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	24. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.7 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	28.9	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	48.1 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	48.1 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	94.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	104.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	20. ± 4.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	17. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	17.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	18. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.02 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	26. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Δ_rH°	45.6 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	112.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	13.0 ± 2.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	12.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	14. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Kebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968	gas phase; B,M

( • 4 Water ) + Water = ( • 5 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	45.2 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	26. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	119.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	9.6 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 5 Water ) + Water = ( • 6 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.1 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	25. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	118.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	7.5 ± 8.8	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 6 Water ) + Water = ( • 7 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 6H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 7H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Δ_rH°	10. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	120.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	5.44	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

( • 7 Water ) + Water = ( • 8 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 7H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 8H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.7 ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 8 Water ) + Water = ( • 9 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 8H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 9H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	3. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 9 Water ) + Water = ( • 10 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 9H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 10H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.7 ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 10 Water ) + Water = ( • 11 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 10H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 11H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.7 ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 11 Water ) + Water = ( • 12 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 11H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 12H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 12 Water ) + Water = ( • 13 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 12H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 13H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.5 ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 13 Water ) + Water = ( • 14 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 13H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 14H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 14 Water ) + Water = ( • 15 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 14H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 15H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-2. ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

( • 15 Water ) + Water = ( • 16 Water )

By formula: (Br^- • 15H₂O) + H₂O = (Br^- • 16H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.6 ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Markovich, Pollack, et al., 1994	gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: CF₃⁺ + H₂O = (CF₃⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	19.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Bennet and Field, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.7	J/mol*K	HPMS	Bennet and Field, 1972	gas phase; M

CF₃O^- + Water = CH₂F₃O₂^-

By formula: CF₃O^- + H₂O = CH₂F₃O₂^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	28. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Amelynck, Van Bavel, et al., 2000	gas phase; B

CF₃O₃S^- + Water = (CF₃O₃S^- • Water )

By formula: CF₃O₃S^- + H₂O = (CF₃O₃S^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.5 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	19.2 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

(CF₃O₃S^- • Water ) + Water = (CF₃O₃S^- • 2 Water )

By formula: (CF₃O₃S^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (CF₃O₃S^- • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	45.2 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	15.9 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: CHO₂^- + H₂O = (CHO₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	66.9 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	96.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	38. ± 6.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	35.1 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	N/A	Viidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	38.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (CHO₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (CHO₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	57.7 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	28.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	28.9 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	N/A	Viidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000	gas phase; B

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (CHO₂^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CHO₂^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	50.6 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	21.3 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	21.8 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	N/A	Viidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000	gas phase; B

CHO₃^- + Water = CH₃O₄^-

By formula: CHO₃^- + H₂O = CH₃O₄^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	65.69 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	35.6 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B

(CH₂N⁺ • ) + Water = (CH₂N⁺ • Water • )

By formula: (CH₂N⁺ • CHN) + H₂O = (CH₂N⁺ • H₂O • CHN)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	84.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M

CH₂N⁺ + Water = (CH₂N⁺ • Water )

By formula: CH₂N⁺ + H₂O = (CH₂N⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	115.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rH°	124.	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	101.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rS°	120.	J/mol*K	N/A	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
87.9	300.	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

(CH₂N⁺ • Water • ) + Water = (CH₂N⁺ • 2 Water • )

By formula: (CH₂N⁺ • H₂O • CHN) + H₂O = (CH₂N⁺ • 2H₂O • CHN)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	70.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	99.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M

(CH₂N⁺ • Water ) + Water = (CH₂N⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₂N⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₂N⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	89.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	106.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M

(CH₂N⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (CH₂N⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₂N⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₂N⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	72.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M

CH₂NO₅^- + Water + = CH₄NO₆^-

By formula: CH₂NO₅^- + H₂O + CH₂O₂ = CH₄NO₆^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	18.4 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	IMRE	Viidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000	gas phase; B

CH₂O₂S^- + 2 Water = CH₄O₃S^-

By formula: CH₂O₂S^- + 2H₂O = CH₄O₃S^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	44.8 ± 8.4	kJ/mol	N/A	Surber and Sanov, 2002	gas phase; Stated electron affinity is the Vertical Detachment Energy; B

CH₂O₄^- + 2 Water = CH₄O₅^-

By formula: CH₂O₄^- + 2H₂O = CH₄O₅^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.9 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	20. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: CH₃O⁺ + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	119.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Davidson, Sunner J., et al., 1979, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984; M
Δ_rH°	117.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2O)2H+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1976, Wolf, Staley, et al., 1977; M
Δ_rH°	119.	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	120.	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	120.	kJ/mol	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	N/A	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	N/A	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	112.	J/mol*K	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	85.4	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1980	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rG°	85.8	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	90.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	83.3	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	82.8	kJ/mol	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	N/A	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	50.6	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)2H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	73.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	70.7	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)3H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rH°	71.1	kJ/mol	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	107.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	109.	J/mol*K	N/A	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)3H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Δ_rS°	109.	J/mol*K	FA	Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	38.	kJ/mol	FA	Bohme, Mackay, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)3H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	97.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

( • 4 Water ) + Water = ( • 5 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	94.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

( • 5 Water ) + Water = ( • 6 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	40.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

( • 6 Water ) + Water = ( • 7 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O⁺ • 6H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O⁺ • 7H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	108.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₃O^- • ) + Water = (CH₃O^- • Water • )

By formula: (CH₃O^- • CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₃O^- • H₂O • CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	74.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	108.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₃O^- • 2) + Water = (CH₃O^- • Water • 2)

By formula: (CH₃O^- • 2CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₃O^- • H₂O • 2CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	57.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

CH₃O^- + Water = (CH₃O^- • Water )

By formula: CH₃O^- + H₂O = (CH₃O^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	106. ± 9.2	kJ/mol	CIDT	DeTuri and Ervin, 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	100.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M,B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	95.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	95.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	71.1 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
64.4	296.	FA	MacKay and Bohme, 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(OH-)H2O, DG>; Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986; M

(CH₃O^- • Water • ) + Water = (CH₃O^- • 2 Water • )

By formula: (CH₃O^- • H₂O • CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₃O^- • 2H₂O • CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	63.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	116.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₃O^- • Water ) + Water = (CH₃O^- • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	80.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	106.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
34.	296.	FA	MacKay and Bohme, 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(OH-)2H2O; Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986; M

(CH₃O^- • 2 Water ) + Water = (CH₃O^- • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	61.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
33.	296.	FA	MacKay and Bohme, 1978	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(OH-)3H2O; Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986; M

(CH₃O^- • 3 Water ) + Water = (CH₃O^- • 4 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O^- • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O^- • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	83.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

CH₃O₃S^- + Water = (CH₃O₃S^- • Water )

By formula: CH₃O₃S^- + H₂O = (CH₃O₃S^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.2 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	28.9 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

(CH₃O₃S^- • Water ) + Water = (CH₃O₃S^- • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O₃S^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O₃S^- • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	51.9 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	22.6 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

(CH₃O₃S^- • 2 Water ) + Water = (CH₃O₃S^- • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₃O₃S^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃O₃S^- • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.7 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	18.4 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

CH₃O₄^- + 2 Water = CH₅O₅^-

By formula: CH₃O₄^- + 2H₂O = CH₅O₅^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	62.34 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: CH₃S^- + H₂O = (CH₃S^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	62.76 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	36.4 ± 2.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; B

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₃S^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃S^- • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	98.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₃S^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃S^- • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	85.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; M

( • 3 Water ) + Water = ( • 4 Water )

By formula: (CH₃S^- • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₃S^- • 4H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	40.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	80.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989	gas phase; M

CH₄NO⁺ + Water = (CH₄NO⁺ • Water )

By formula: CH₄NO⁺ + H₂O = (CH₄NO⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	88.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	89.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	114.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	114.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₄NO⁺ • Water ) + Water = (CH₄NO⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₄NO⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₄NO⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	58.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	95.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	95.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₄NO⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (CH₄NO⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₄NO⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₄NO⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	49.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	87.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₄NO⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (CH₄NO⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (CH₄NO⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₄NO⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	84.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₄NO⁺ • 4 Water ) + Water = (CH₄NO⁺ • 5 Water )

By formula: (CH₄NO⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₄NO⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	107.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	107.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner, 1984	gas phase; M

CH₄O₅^- + 3 Water = CH₆O₆^-

By formula: CH₄O₅^- + 3H₂O = CH₆O₆^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.8 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	14. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B

(CH₅O⁺ • ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • Water • )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • H₂O • CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	77.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	108.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 3) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • Water • 3)

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 3CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • H₂O • 3CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	50.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 4) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • Water • 4)

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 4CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • H₂O • 4CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	99.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

CH₅O⁺ + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • Water )

By formula: CH₅O⁺ + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	115.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	100.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	123.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	96.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₅O⁺ • Water • 2) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 2 Water • 2)

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • H₂O • 2CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 2H₂O • 2CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	107.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₅O⁺ • Water • 3) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 2 Water • 3)

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • H₂O • 3CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 2H₂O • 3CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	36.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	79.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 2 Water • ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 3 Water • )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 2H₂O • CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 3H₂O • CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	96.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 2 Water • 2) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 3 Water • 2)

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 2H₂O • 2CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 3H₂O • 2CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	38.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 2 Water • 3) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 3 Water • 3)

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 2H₂O • 3CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 3H₂O • 3CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	38.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
13.	272.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 3 Water • ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 4 Water • )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 3H₂O • CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 4H₂O • CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	98.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 3 Water • 2) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 4 Water • 2)

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 3H₂O • 2CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 4H₂O • 2CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	39.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
13.	272.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 4 Water • ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 5 Water • )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 4H₂O • CH₄O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 5H₂O • CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	39.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
15.	269.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CH₅O⁺ • Water ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	87.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	114.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	121.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	59.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	61.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	108.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	48.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	96.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 4 Water ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 5 Water )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	38.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	86.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	77.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 5 Water ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 6 Water )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	37.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	39.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₅O⁺ • 6 Water ) + Water = (CH₅O⁺ • 7 Water )

By formula: (CH₅O⁺ • 6H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₅O⁺ • 7H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	37.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
13.	269.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

CH₅O₂^- + 2 Water = CH₇O₃^-

By formula: CH₅O₂^- + 2H₂O = CH₇O₃^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	80.3 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	49.0 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; B

CH₅O₅^- + 3 Water = CH₇O₆^-

By formula: CH₅O₅^- + 3H₂O = CH₇O₆^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.9 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	19. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B

CH₅S⁺ + Water = (CH₅S⁺ • Water )

By formula: CH₅S⁺ + H₂O = (CH₅S⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	64.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δ_rH°	56.5	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1986	gas phase; bracketing; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
22.	476.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

CH₆N⁺ + Water = (CH₆N⁺ • Water )

By formula: CH₆N⁺ + H₂O = (CH₆N⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	70.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	78.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	78.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	91.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	44.8	kJ/mol	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

(CH₆N⁺ • Water ) + Water = (CH₆N⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (CH₆N⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₆N⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	61.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	61.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	61.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	101.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	112.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	112.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	31.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

(CH₆N⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (CH₆N⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (CH₆N⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₆N⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	51.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	51.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	51.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	101.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	22.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

(CH₆N⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (CH₆N⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (CH₆N⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₆N⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(CH₆N⁺ • 4 Water ) + Water = (CH₆N⁺ • 5 Water )

By formula: (CH₆N⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₆N⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	38.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	85.4	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
15.	269.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CH₆N⁺ • 5 Water ) + Water = (CH₆N⁺ • 6 Water )

By formula: (CH₆N⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (CH₆N⁺ • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	36.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.4	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
13.	259.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

CH₇O₃^- + 3 Water = CH₉O₄^-

By formula: CH₇O₃^- + 3H₂O = CH₉O₄^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	61.9 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	31.4 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; B

CH₇O₆^- + 4 Water = CH₉O₇^-

By formula: CH₇O₆^- + 4H₂O = CH₉O₇^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.1 ± 3.8	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	14. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B

CH₉O₄^- + 4 Water = CH₁₁O₅^-

By formula: CH₉O₄^- + 4H₂O = CH₁₁O₅^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.0 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	21.3 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986	gas phase; B

(CN^- • ) + Water = (CN^- • Water • )

By formula: (CN^- • CHN) + H₂O = (CN^- • H₂O • CHN)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	51.9 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	82.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	27. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B

(CN^- • 2) + Water = (CN^- • Water • 2)

By formula: (CN^- • 2CHN) + H₂O = (CN^- • H₂O • 2CHN)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	32. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	52.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	17. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B

(CN^- • 3) + Water = (CN^- • Water • 3)

By formula: (CN^- • 3CHN) + H₂O = (CN^- • H₂O • 3CHN)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	39. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	14. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
18.	262.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M

CN^- + Water = (CN^- • Water )

By formula: CN^- + H₂O = (CN^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	53.1 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	61.1 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,B,M,M
Δ_rH°	57.74	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	61.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rS°	75.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	HPMS	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	30.5 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	36. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	36. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	33.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971	gas phase; B

(CN^- • Water • ) + Water = (CN^- • 2 Water • )

By formula: (CN^- • H₂O • CHN) + H₂O = (CN^- • 2H₂O • CHN)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	40. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	73.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	18. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B

(CN^- • Water • 2) + Water = (CN^- • 2 Water • 2)

By formula: (CN^- • H₂O • 2CHN) + H₂O = (CN^- • 2H₂O • 2CHN)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	37. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	12. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
15.	262.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M

(CN^- • 2 Water • ) + Water = (CN^- • 3 Water • )

By formula: (CN^- • 2H₂O • CHN) + H₂O = (CN^- • 3H₂O • CHN)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	36. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	10. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

(CN^- • Water ) + Water = (CN^- • 2 Water )

By formula: (CN^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (CN^- • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.0 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	49.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	75.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rS°	75.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; B

(CN^- • 2 Water ) + Water = (CN^- • 3 Water )

By formula: (CN^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CN^- • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	44.8 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Stated EA is Vertical Detachment Energy, at 12 K. At 298 K, measured Vertical Detachment Energy = 5.50±0.10 eV; B,M
Δ_rH°	44.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	33. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Stated EA is Vertical Detachment Energy, at 12 K. At 298 K, measured Vertical Detachment Energy = 5.50±0.10 eV; B

(CN^- • 3 Water ) + Water = (CN^- • 4 Water )

By formula: (CN^- • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (CN^- • 4H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	16. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
19.	262.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

CO₃^- + Water = CH₂O₄^-

By formula: CO₃^- + H₂O = CH₂O₄^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.99 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	48.1 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	IMRE	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	<161.1	kJ/mol	PDis	Smith, Lee, et al., 1978	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	27.6 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	28.0 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	IMRE	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; B

CO₃^- + Water = (CO₃^- • Water )

By formula: CO₃^- + H₂O = (CO₃^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	59.0	kJ/mol	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
28.	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- • Water ) + Water = (CO₃^- • 2 Water )

By formula: (CO₃^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (CO₃^- • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.9	kJ/mol	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	124.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
18.	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- • 2 Water ) + Water = (CO₃^- • 3 Water )

By formula: (CO₃^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (CO₃^- • 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.8	kJ/mol	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	136.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

C₂Cl₃O₂^- + Water = (C₂Cl₃O₂^- • Water )

By formula: C₂Cl₃O₂^- + H₂O = (C₂Cl₃O₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	24.	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: C₂F₃O₂^- + H₂O = (C₂F₃O₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	57.7 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	N/A	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	57.3 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	100.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	28.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	27. ± 6.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂F₃O₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂F₃O₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.0 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	19.7 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

C₂H^- + Water = (C₂H^- • Water )

By formula: C₂H^- + H₂O = (C₂H^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	67.8 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	77.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	44.4 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

C₂HCl₂O₂^- + Water = (C₂HCl₂O₂^- • Water )

By formula: C₂HCl₂O₂^- + H₂O = (C₂HCl₂O₂^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	57.7 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	28.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

(C₂HCl₂O₂^- • Water ) + Water = (C₂HCl₂O₂^- • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂HCl₂O₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂HCl₂O₂^- • 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.8 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	20.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

C₂HF₂O₂^- + Water = (C₂HF₂O₂^- • Water )

By formula: C₂HF₂O₂^- + H₂O = (C₂HF₂O₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	60.7 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	31.4 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

(C₂HF₂O₂^- • Water ) + Water = (C₂HF₂O₂^- • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂HF₂O₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂HF₂O₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	51.5 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	22.2 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

C₂HO₄^- + Water = (C₂HO₄^- • Water )

By formula: C₂HO₄^- + H₂O = (C₂HO₄^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26.	kJ/mol	ES/HPMS	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: C₂H₂ClO₂^- + H₂O = (C₂H₂ClO₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	61.5 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	32.2 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: C₂H₂FO₂^- + H₂O = (C₂H₂FO₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	64.0 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	34.7 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₂FO₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₂FO₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.0 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	24.7 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₂FO₂^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₂FO₂^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.5 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	19.2 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ + Water = (C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₂F₃O₂⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	118.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	97.5	J/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
89.5	309.	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: C₂H₂IO₂^- + H₂O = (C₂H₂IO₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	59.4 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	30.1 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₂IO₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₂IO₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	51.5 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	22.2 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₂IO₂^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₂IO₂^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.3 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	18.0 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

C₂H₂N^- + Water = (C₂H₂N^- • Water )

By formula: C₂H₂N^- + H₂O = (C₂H₂N^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	55.2 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	73.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	33. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

C₂H₂O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₂O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₂O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₂O⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.5	kJ/mol	EI	Postma, Ruttink, et al., 1986	gas phase; based on AE(CH2CO+)H2O from (HOCH2)2CO+; M

C₂H₃O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₃O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₃O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₃O⁺ • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	103.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Davidson, Lau, et al., 1978	gas phase; forms CH3COOH2+; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	138.	J/mol*K	HPMS	Davidson, Lau, et al., 1978	gas phase; forms CH3COOH2+; M

C₂H₃O^- + Water = (C₂H₃O^- • Water )

By formula: C₂H₃O^- + H₂O = (C₂H₃O^- • H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	64.4 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	81.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	40. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

( • ) + Water = ( • Water • )

By formula: (C₂H₃O₂^- • C₆H₁₁NO₃) + H₂O = (C₂H₃O₂^- • H₂O • C₆H₁₁NO₃)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	55.2	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	106.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1988	gas phase; M

+ Water = ( • Water )

By formula: C₂H₃O₂^- + H₂O = (C₂H₃O₂^- • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	68.6 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Wincel, 2008	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	66.5 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	66.9 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	68.6 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	66.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	94.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; ion given as C2H3COO- in paper by error; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	38. ± 5.9	kJ/mol	N/A	Wincel, 2008	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	39.8	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	39. ± 6.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	39.3 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • Water ) + Water = ( • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₃O₂^- • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₃O₂^- • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.0 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	57.7 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	53.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	54.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	79.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	85.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	29.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	28.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M

( • 2 Water ) + Water = ( • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₃O₂^- • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₃O₂^- • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.4 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	51.0 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Δ_rH°	49.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	24.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, Elmore, et al., 1999	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	21.8 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B,M
Δ_rG°	25.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C₂H₄F₃O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₄F₃O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₄F₃O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₄F₃O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	128.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	99.6	J/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
97.9	309.	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • Water • )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • C₂H₃N) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • H₂O • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	66.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	103.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M

C₂H₄N⁺ + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₄N⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	92.5 ± 5.9	kJ/mol	CID	Honma, Sunderlin, et al., 1993	gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M
Δ_rH°	95.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	104.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	103.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	119.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • Water • ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 Water • )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • H₂O • C₂H₃N) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	64.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • Water • 2) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 Water • 2)

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • H₂O • 2C₂H₃N) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • 2C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
12.	316.	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 Water • ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 3 Water • )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • C₂H₃N) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	93.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	62.8 ± 7.1	kJ/mol	CID	Honma, Sunderlin, et al., 1993	gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M
Δ_rH°	73.2	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	65.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	104.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	91.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • 4 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 5 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	97.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • 5 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 6 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	42.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	107.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

C₂H₄NO₂^- + Water = C₂H₆NO₃^-

By formula: C₂H₄NO₂^- + H₂O = C₂H₆NO₃^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	72.5 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Nieckarz, Atkins, et al., 2008	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	66.9 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	N/A	Wincel, 2008	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	39. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Nieckarz, Atkins, et al., 2008	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	34.3 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Wincel, 2008	gas phase; B

C₂H₄NO₅^- + Water + = C₂H₆NO₆^-

By formula: C₂H₄NO₅^- + H₂O + C₂H₄O₂ = C₂H₆NO₆^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	19.2 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	IMRE	Viidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000	gas phase; B

C₂H₅F₂O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₅F₂O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₅F₂O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₅F₂O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	100.	kJ/mol	ICR	Berman and Beauchamp, 1986	gas phase; bracketing; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984; M

C₂H₅F₃N⁺ + Water = (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₅F₃N⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	88.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	126.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	72.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	125.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅F₃N⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	59.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	122.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Lau and Kebarle, 1981	gas phase; M

C₂H₅O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₅O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	105.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	115.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	70.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	71.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	117.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • 4 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 5 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	39.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • 5 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 6 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	39.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	90.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • 6 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 7 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • 6H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 7H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	108.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

C₂H₅O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₅O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	84.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	91.6	kJ/mol	HPMS	Davidson, Sunner J., et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	74.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	97.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	45.2	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	85.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

C₂H₅O₂⁺ + Water = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₅O₂⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	90.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	105.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O₂⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	67.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	111.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M

(C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	90.4	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
16.	334.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 4 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 5 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₅O₂⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	43.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.7	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
17.	280.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C₂H₅O₄^- + 2 Water = C₂H₇O₅^-

By formula: C₂H₅O₄^- + 2H₂O = C₂H₇O₅^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.8 ± 6.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	25.5 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995	gas phase; T: 293 K. ΔSaff approx. 24 cal/mol-K; B

C₂H₆NO₂⁺ + Water = (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₆NO₂⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
41.	293.	ES/HPMS	Klassen, Blades, et al., 1995	gas phase; M

(C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
30.	293.	ES/HPMS	Klassen, Blades, et al., 1995	gas phase; M

(C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₆NO₂⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
23.	293.	ES/HPMS	Klassen, Blades, et al., 1995	gas phase; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • Water • )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • C₂H₆O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O • C₂H₆O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	68.2	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n, Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	162.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n, Entropy change is questionable; M

C₂H₇O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₇O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	51.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Tholman, Tonner, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	100.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	94.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	114.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Tholman, Tonner, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	121.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	111.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • Water • ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water • )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O • C₂H₆O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O • C₂H₆O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.9	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	103.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • Water • 2) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water • 2)

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O • 2C₂H₆O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O • 2C₂H₆O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	127.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • Water • 3) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water • 3)

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O • 3C₂H₆O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O • 3C₂H₆O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	127.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water • ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3 Water • )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O • C₂H₆O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3H₂O • C₂H₆O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.5	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	112.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	64.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.0	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Tholman, Tonner, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	57.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	95.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Tholman, Tonner, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	106.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 3 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 4 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	42.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	79.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Grimsrud, et al., 1974	gas phase; n; M

C₂H₇O⁺ + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • Water )

By formula: C₂H₇O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	111.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	100.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	128.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • Water ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	78.2	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	80.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	120.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase; M

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 2 Water ) + Water = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3 Water )

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	59.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase; M