Iodine

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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to I2+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.3074 ± 0.0002eVN/AN/AL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
2.5240 ± 0.0050LPESZanni, Taylor, et al., 1997B
2.52 ± 0.10NBIEAuerbach, Baeda, et al., 1973B
2.42 ± 0.20EndoHughes, Lifschitz, et al., 1973B
2.58 ± 0.10EndoChupka, Berkowitz, et al., 1971B
2.60 ± 0.10EIAEDeCorpo and Franklin, 1971From CHI3; B
2.40 ± 0.10NBIEMoutinho, Aten, et al., 1971B
2.33004ECDAyala, Wentworth, et al., 1981Vertical Detachment Energy: 1.7 eV; B
1.722 ± 0.050NBIEHubers, Kleyn, et al., 1976Stated electron affinity is the Vertical Detachment Energy; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.3074 ± 0.0002TECockett, Donovan, et al., 1996LL
9.3074 ± 0.0002TECockett, Goode, et al., 1995LL
9.33PECarlson, Gerard, et al., 1988LL
9.29 ± 0.05PIGrade and Rosinger, 1985LBLHLM
9.3 ± 0.2EIGrade and Rosinger, 1985LBLHLM
9.3 ± 0.2EIGrade and Rosinger, 1984LBLHLM
9.3 ± 0.2EIGrade, Rosinger, et al., 1984LBLHLM
9.3 ± 0.05EIHoareau, Cabaud, et al., 1981LLK
9.5EIPittermann and Weil, 1980LLK
9.311 ± 0.002PEHigginson, Lloyd, et al., 1973LLK
9.22 ± 0.01PEPotts and Price, 1971LLK
~9.37PIDibeler, Walker, et al., 1971LLK
9.3995 ± 0.0012SVenkateswarlu, 1970RDSH
9.331PIMyer and Samson, 1970RDSH
9.356PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981Vertical value; LLK
9.34PECornford, Frost, et al., 1971Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
I+8.8 ± 0.2I-EIGrade and Rosinger, 1985LBLHLM
I+11.94 ± 0.15IPIGrade and Rosinger, 1985LBLHLM
I+8.83 ± 0.07I-PIGrade and Rosinger, 1985LBLHLM
I+8.9 ± 0.2I-EIGrade and Rosinger, 1984LBLHLM
I+8.8 ± 0.2I-EIGrade, Rosinger, et al., 1984LBLHLM
I+13.0IEIPittermann and Weil, 1980LLK
I+8.922 ± 0.013I-PIMyer and Samson, 1970RDSH
I+8.95 ± 0.02I-PIMorrison, Hurzeler, et al., 1960RDSH
I+8.83 ± 0.02I-PIWatanabe, 1957RDSH

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Zanni, Taylor, et al., 1997
Zanni, M.T.; Taylor, T.R.; Greenblatt, J.; Soep, B.; Neumark, D.M., Characterization of the I2- Anion Ground State Using Conventional and Femtosecond Photoelectron Spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1997, 107, 19, 7613, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.475110 . [all data]

Auerbach, Baeda, et al., 1973
Auerbach, J.; Baeda, A.P.M.; Los, D.J., Fragmentation of Negative Ions Formed in Collisions of Alkali Atoms and Halogen Molecules, Physica, 1973, 64, 1, 134, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-8914(73)90119-5 . [all data]

Hughes, Lifschitz, et al., 1973
Hughes, B.M.; Lifschitz, C.; Tiernan, T.O., Electron affinities from endothermic negative-ion charge-transfer reactions. III. NO, NO2, S2, CS2, Cl2, Br2, I2, and C2H, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 3162. [all data]

Chupka, Berkowitz, et al., 1971
Chupka, W.A.; Berkowitz, J.; Gutman, D., Electron Affinities of Halogen Diatomic Molecules as Determined by Endoergic Charge Exchange, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 55, 6, 2724, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1676487 . [all data]

DeCorpo and Franklin, 1971
DeCorpo, J.J.; Franklin, J.L., Electron affinities of the halogen molecules by dissociative electron attachment, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 1885. [all data]

Moutinho, Aten, et al., 1971
Moutinho, A.M.C.; Aten, J.A.; Los, J., Temperature dependence of the total cross section for chemi-ionization in ackali halide-galogen collisions, Physica, 1971, 53, 471. [all data]

Ayala, Wentworth, et al., 1981
Ayala, J.A.; Wentworth, W.E.; Chen, E.C.M., Electron attachment to halogens, J. Phys. Chem., 1981, 85, 768. [all data]

Hubers, Kleyn, et al., 1976
Hubers, M.M.; Kleyn, A.W.; Los, J., Ion pair formation in alkali-halogen collisions at high velocities, Chem. Phys., 1976, 17, 303. [all data]

Cockett, Donovan, et al., 1996
Cockett, M.C.R.; Donovan, R.J.; Lawley, K.P., Zero kinetic energy pulsed field ionization (ZEKE-PFI) spectroscopy of electronically and vibrationally excited states of I2+: The A 2Π3/2,u state and a new electronic state, the a 4σ-u state, J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 105, 3347. [all data]

Cockett, Goode, et al., 1995
Cockett, M.C.R.; Goode, J.G.; Lawley, K.P.; Donovan, R.J., Zero kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy of Rydberg excited molecular iodine, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 5226. [all data]

Carlson, Gerard, et al., 1988
Carlson, T.A.; Gerard, P.; Pullen, B.P.; Grimm, F.A., Autoionization from the ione-pair orbitals of molecules containing iodine, J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 89, 1464. [all data]

Grade and Rosinger, 1985
Grade, M.; Rosinger, W., Correlation of electronic structures and stabilities of gaseous FeI2, Fe2I2 and Fe2I4 molecules, solid [FeI2], and iodine adsorbed on [Fe], Surf. Sci., 1985, 156, 920. [all data]

Grade and Rosinger, 1984
Grade, M.; Rosinger, W., A mass spectrometric investigation of iron(II)-iodide, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 767. [all data]

Grade, Rosinger, et al., 1984
Grade, M.; Rosinger, W.; Dowben, P.A., Core and valence electron binding energies of FeI2 and stabilities of gas phase species, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 65. [all data]

Hoareau, Cabaud, et al., 1981
Hoareau, A.; Cabaud, B.; Melinon, P., Time-of-flight mass spectroscopy of supersonic beam of metallic vapours: Intensities and appearance potentials of Mx aggregates, Surf. Sci., 1981, 106, 195. [all data]

Pittermann and Weil, 1980
Pittermann, U.; Weil, K.G., Massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen an Silberhalogeniden V: Verdampfung von Silberiodid, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1980, 84, 542. [all data]

Higginson, Lloyd, et al., 1973
Higginson, B.R.; Lloyd, D.R.; Roberts, P.J., Variable temperature photoelectron spectroscopy. The adiabatic ionization potential of the iodine molecule, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1973, 19, 480. [all data]

Potts and Price, 1971
Potts, A.W.; Price, W.C., Photoelectron spectra of the halogens and mixed halides ICI and lBr, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1971, 67, 1242. [all data]

Dibeler, Walker, et al., 1971
Dibeler, V.H.; Walker, J.A.; McCulloh, K.E.; Rosenstock, H.M., Effect of hot bands on the ionization threshold of some diatomic halogen molecules, Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1971, 7, 209. [all data]

Venkateswarlu, 1970
Venkateswarlu, P., Vacuum ultraviolet spectrum of the iodine molecule, Can. J. Phys., 1970, 48, 1055. [all data]

Myer and Samson, 1970
Myer, J.A.; Samson, J.A.R., Absorption cross section and photoionization yield of I2 between 1050 and 2200 A, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 52, 716. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Cornford, Frost, et al., 1971
Cornford, A.B.; Frost, D.C.; McDowell, C.A.; Ragle, J.L.; Stenhouse, I.A., Photoelectron spectra of the halogens, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 2651. [all data]

Morrison, Hurzeler, et al., 1960
Morrison, J.D.; Hurzeler, H.; Inghram, M.G.; Stanton, H.E., Threshold law for the probability of excitation of molecules by photon impact. A study of the photoionization efficiencies of Br2, I2, HI, and CH3I, J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 33, 821. [all data]

Watanabe, 1957
Watanabe, K., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 542. [all data]


Notes

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