potassium chloride

• Formula: ClK
• Molecular weight: 74.551
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/ClH.K/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7447-40-7
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Constants of diatomic molecules
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + ClK = (K⁺ • ClK)

3 +  = 3 + KClO₃

By formula: 3C₅H₅NO + ClK = 3C₅H₅N + KClO₃

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + ClK = (K⁺ • ClK)

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Barchuk and Dubovoi, 1973
Barchuk, V.T.; Dubovoi, P.G., Measurement of a Saturated Vapor Pressure Over Highly Volitile Salt Melts, Ukr. Khim. Zh. (Russ. Ed.), 1973, 39, 8, 838-840. [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Chupka, 1959
Chupka, W.A., Dissociation Energies of Some Gaseous Halide Complex Ions and the Hydrated Ion K(H2O)+, J. Chem. Phys., 1959, 40, 2, 458, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1729974 . [all data]

Shaofeng and Pilcher, 1988
Shaofeng, L.; Pilcher, G., Enthalpy of formation of pyridine-N-oxide: the dissociation enthalpy of the (N-O) bond, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 463-465. [all data]

Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986
Miller, T.M.; Leopold, D.G.; Murray, K.K.; Lineberger, W.C., Electron Affinities of the Alkali Halides and the Structure of their Negative Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 85, 5, 2368, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.451091 . [all data]

De Vreugd, Wijnaendts van Resandt, et al., 1979
De Vreugd, C.; Wijnaendts van Resandt, R.W.; Los, J.; Smith, B., Differential Cross Sections for Collisions of Negative Halogen Ions and Alkali Atoms, Chem. Phys., 1979, 42, 3, 305, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(79)80078-6 . [all data]

Ebinghaus, 1964
Ebinghaus, H.Z., Negative Ionen aus Alkalihalogeniden und Electronenaffinitaten der Alkalimetalle und Alkalihalogenide, Z. Naturfor., 1964, 19A, 727. [all data]

Itoh, Sasamoto, et al., 1981
Itoh, M.; Sasamoto, T.; Sata, T., Mass-spectrometric measurement of activities in both solid and liquid solutions of the KCl-NaCl system, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1981, 54, 3391. [all data]

Bloom and Williams, 1981
Bloom, H.; Williams, D.J., A mass spectrometric study of the vapors above the molten salt systems LiCl-CuCl, LiBr-CuBr, and NaI-CuI, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 4636. [all data]

Potts and Price, 1977
Potts, A.W.; Price, W.C., Photoelectron studies of ionic materials using molecular beam techniques, Phys. Scr., 1977, 16, 191. [all data]

Potts, Williams, et al., 1974
Potts, A.W.; Williams, T.A.; Price, W.C., Photoelectron spectra and electronic structure of diatomic alkali halides, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A, 1974, 341, 147. [all data]

Grimley and Joyce, 1969
Grimley, R.T.; Joyce, T.E., A technique for the calibration of high-temperature mass spectrometers, J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 3047. [all data]

Bloom, Hastie, et al., 1968
Bloom, H.; Hastie, J.W.; Morrison, J.D., Ionization and dissociation of the alkali halides by electron impact, J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 72, 3041. [all data]

Goodman, Allen, et al., 1974
Goodman, T.D.; Allen, J.D., Jr.; Cusachs, L.C.; Schweitzer, G.K., The photoelectron spectra of gaseous alkali halides, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1974, 3, 289. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  EA	Electron affinity
  S°gas,1 bar	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
  S°liquid,1 bar	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions (1 bar)
  S°solid	Entropy of solid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°solid	Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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