silicon
- Formula: Si
- Molecular weight: 28.0855
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/Si
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 7440-21-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file - Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Data at other public NIST sites:
- NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Lines Holdings (on physics web site)
- NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Levels Holdings (on physics web site)
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- Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Database
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Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
View reactions leading to Si+ (ion structure unspecified)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IE (evaluated) | 8.15169 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| Proton affinity (review) | 837. | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| Gas basicity | 814.1 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Electron affinity determinations
| EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.389517 ± 0.000044 | LPD | Blondel, Chaibi, et al., 2005 | (28)Si: 1.3895213(13) eV; revised analysis of Blondel, Delsart, et al., 2001; B |
| 1.38952 | LPD | Blondel, Delsart, et al., 2001 | Given: 1.3895220(24) eV, or 11207.252(18) cm-1; B |
| 1.389517 ± 0.000044 | LPD | Scheer, Bilodeau, et al., 1998 | Given: 1.389521(20) eV; B |
| 1.3850 ± 0.0050 | LPES | Kasdan, Herbst, et al., 1975 | B |
Ionization energy determinations
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8.15169 | EVAL | Lide, 1992 | LL |
| 8.152 | S | Kelly, 1987 | LBLHLM |
| 8.2 ± 0.5 | EI | Muenow, 1974 | LLK |
| 8.15166 ± 0.00003 | S | Brown, Tilford, et al., 1974 | LLK |
| 8.1 ± 0.5 | EI | Guido and Gigli, 1973 | LLK |
| 8.5 ± 0.5 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1972 | LLK |
| 8.15169 | S | Moore, 1970 | RDSH |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
By formula: (HSi- • 4294967295Si) + Si = HSi-
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 350. ± 13. | kJ/mol | N/A | Kasdan, Herbst, et al., 1975 | gas phase |
By formula: (Si3- • 4294967295Si) + Si = Si3-
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 19. ± 18. | kJ/mol | N/A | Arnold and Neumark, 1994 | gas phase |
By formula: (Si4- • 4294967295Si) + Si = Si4-
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 411. ± 29. | kJ/mol | N/A | Nakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995 | gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.15±0.04 eV. |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Blondel, Chaibi, et al., 2005
Blondel, C.; Chaibi, W.; Delsart, C.; Drag, C.; Goldfarb, F.; Kroger, S.,
The electron affinities of O, Si, and S revisited with the photodetachment microscope,
Eur. Phys. J. D, 2005, 33, 3, 335-342, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2005-00069-9
. [all data]
Blondel, Delsart, et al., 2001
Blondel, C.; Delsart, C.; Goldfarb, F.,
Electron spectrometry at the mu eV level and the electron affinities of Si and F,
J. Phys. B: Atom. Mol. Opt. Phys., 2001, 34, 9, L281-L288, https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/34/9/101
. [all data]
Scheer, Bilodeau, et al., 1998
Scheer, M.; Bilodeau, R.C.; Brodie, C.A.; Haugen, H.K.,
Systematic study of the stable states of C-, Si-, Ge-, and Sn- via infrared laser spectroscopy,
Phys. Rev. A, 1998, 58, 4, 2844-2856, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.58.2844
. [all data]
Kasdan, Herbst, et al., 1975
Kasdan, A.; Herbst, E.; Lineberger, W.C.,
Laser photoelectron spectrometry of the negative ions of silicon and its hydrides,
J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 541. [all data]
Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor),
Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions
in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]
Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L.,
Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]
Muenow, 1974
Muenow, D.W.,
Mass spectrometric determination of the heats of formation and atomization energies of the molecules Ge2N and GeSiN,
J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 3382. [all data]
Brown, Tilford, et al., 1974
Brown, C.M.; Tilford, S.G.; Tousey, R.; Ginter, M.L.,
Absorption spectrum of Si I between 1500 and 1900 A,
J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1974, 64, 1665. [all data]
Guido and Gigli, 1973
Guido, M.; Gigli, G.,
Mass spectrometric study of the CeSiC molecules,
J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 3437. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1972
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
The gaseous equilibrium Ge + SiO = GeO + Si and the dissociation energy of SiO,
High Temp. Sci., 1972, 4, 244. [all data]
Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E.,
Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra,
Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]
Arnold and Neumark, 1994
Arnold, C.C.; Neumark, D.M.,
Threshold Photodetachment Zero-Electron Kinetic Energy Spectroscopy of Si-3(-),
J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 100, 3, 1797, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.466532
. [all data]
Nakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995
Nakajima, A.; Taguwa, T.; Nakao, K.; Gomei, M.; Kishi, R.; Iwata, S.; Kaya, K.,
Photoelectron Spectroscopy of silicon-carbon cluster Anions (SinCm-),
J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 103, 6, 2050, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469731
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
EA Electron affinity IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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