Benzene

Formula: C₆H₆
Molecular weight: 78.1118
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 71-43-2
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
- Benzene-D6
Other names: [6]Annulene; Benzol; Benzole; Coal naphtha; Cyclohexatriene; Phenyl hydride; Pyrobenzol; Pyrobenzole; Benzolene; Bicarburet of hydrogen; Carbon oil; Mineral naphtha; Motor benzol; Benzeen; Benzen; Benzin; Benzine; Benzolo; Fenzen; NCI-C55276; Phene; Rcra waste number U019; UN 1114; NSC 67315; 1,3,5-Cyclohexatriene
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Critical pressure

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

P_c (bar)	Reference	Comment
48.95 ± 0.06	Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
48.84	Chirico and Steele, 1994	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.20 bar; TRC
49.00	Knipmeyer, Archer, et al., 1989	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.10 bar; TRC
48.94	Brunner, 1988	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.10 bar; TRC
48.7575	Goodwin, 1988	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.30 bar; TRC
48.98	Ambrose, 1987	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 bar; TRC
48.97	Kay and Kreglewski, 1983	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.10 bar; TRC
48.87	Ewing, McGlashan, et al., 1981	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 bar; Visual, observed with periscope in heated metal block.; TRC
48.89	Hugill and McGlashan, 1981	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 bar; Visual, observed with periscope in heated metal block; TRC
49.00	Kobe and Mathews, 1970	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5066 bar; TRC
48.8589	Campbell and Chatterjee, 1969	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0506 bar; TRC
48.8589	Campbell and Chatterjee, 1968	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0405 bar; TRC
48.98	Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 bar; average of new and previous measurements; TRC
48.96	Skaates and Kay, 1964	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1034 bar; TRC
49.00	Ambrose and Townsend, 1963	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1013 bar; TRC
48.92	Connolly and Kandalic, 1962	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.081 bar; TRC
49.3665	McCracken, Storvick, et al., 1960	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5515 bar; TRC
48.5347	Kreglewski, 1955	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5066 bar; TRC
48.98	Bender, Furukawa, et al., 1952	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1013 bar; TRC
48.75	Kay and Nevens, 1952	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2758 bar; TRC
49.309	Gornowski, Amick, et al., 1947	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.40 bar; TRC
48.523	Young, 1910	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5333 bar; TRC
50.20	Schamhardt, 1908	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.0133 bar; TRC; Data excluded from overall average
49.10	Altschul, 1893	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.049 bar; TRC
48.5227	Young, 1889	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3999 bar; vapor pressure at critical temp.; TRC
61.20	Ramsay, 1881	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 7.0928 bar; TRC; Data excluded from overall average

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

References

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Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
Tsonopoulos, C.; Ambrose, D., Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 547-558. [all data]

Chirico and Steele, 1994
Chirico, R.D.; Steele, W.V., Reconciliation of Calorimetrically and Spectroscopically Derived Methyl Benzene. The Importance of the Third Virial Coefficient, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1994, 33, 157-67. [all data]

Knipmeyer, Archer, et al., 1989
Knipmeyer, S.E.; Archer, D.G.; Chirico, R.D.; Gammon, B.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Nguyen, A.; Smith, N.K.; Steele, W.V.; Strube, M.M., High-temperature enthalpy and critical property measurements using differential scanning calorimeter, Fluid Phase Equilib., 1989, 52, 185. [all data]

Brunner, 1988
Brunner, E., Fluid mixtures at high pressure VII. Phase separations and critical phenomena in 12 binary mixtures containing ammonia, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 1397-1409. [all data]

Goodwin, 1988
Goodwin, R.D., Benzene thermophysical properties from 279 to 900 K at pressures to 1000 bar, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1988, 17, 1541-636. [all data]

Ambrose, 1987
Ambrose, D., Vapor Pressures of Some Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 1007. [all data]

Kay and Kreglewski, 1983
Kay, W.B.; Kreglewski, A., Critical-locus curves and liquid-vapor equilibria in the binary systems of benzene with carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide., Fluid Phase Equilib., 1983, 11, 251-65. [all data]

Ewing, McGlashan, et al., 1981
Ewing, M.B.; McGlashan, M.L.; Tzias, P., Phase equilibria, and critical temperatures and pressures, of fluid (benzene + hexafluorobenzene), J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1981, 13, 527. [all data]

Hugill and McGlashan, 1981
Hugill, J.A.; McGlashan, M.L., Phase equilibria, and critical temperatures and pressures, of fluid (cyclohexane + hexafluorobenzene), J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1981, 13, 429-36. [all data]

Kobe and Mathews, 1970
Kobe, K.A.; Mathews, J.F., Critical Properties and Vapor Pressures of Some Organic Nitrogen and Oxygen Compounds, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1970, 15, 182. [all data]

Campbell and Chatterjee, 1969
Campbell, A.N.; Chatterjee, R.M., The critical constants and orthobaric densities of acetone, chloroform benzene, and carbon tetrachloride, Can. J. Chem., 1969, 47, 3893-8. [all data]

Campbell and Chatterjee, 1968
Campbell, A.N.; Chatterjee, R.M., Orthobaric Data of Certain Pure Liquids in the Neighborhood of the Critical Point, Can. J. Chem., 1968, 46, 575-81. [all data]

Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967
Ambrose, D.; Broderick, B.E.; Townsend, R., The Vapour Pressures above the Normal Boiling Point and the Critical Pressures of Some Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Soc. , 1967, 1967, 1967, 633-41. [all data]

Skaates and Kay, 1964
Skaates, J.M.; Kay, W.B., The Phase Relations of Binary Systems that Form Azeotropes: N-Alkyl Alcohol-Benzene Systems: Methanol Through N-Butanol, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1964, 19, 431-44. [all data]

Ambrose and Townsend, 1963
Ambrose, D.; Townsend, R., Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Oxygen Compounds IX. The Critical Properties and Vapor Pressures Above Five Atmospheres of Six Aliphatic Alcohols, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 54, 3614-25. [all data]

Connolly and Kandalic, 1962
Connolly, J.F.; Kandalic, G.A., Saturation Properties and Liquid Compressibilities for Benzene and n-Octane, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1962, 7, 137. [all data]

McCracken, Storvick, et al., 1960
McCracken, P.G.; Storvick, T.S.; Smith, J.M., Phase Behavior from Enthalpy Measurements. Oentane-Ethyl Alcohol and n-Pentane-Ethyl Alcohol Systems, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 130-2. [all data]

Kreglewski, 1955
Kreglewski, A., The Critical Temperatures of Mixtures formed by Benzene and n-Octane with Iso-Alcohols, Rocz. Chem., 1955, 29, 754. [all data]

Bender, Furukawa, et al., 1952
Bender, P.; Furukawa, G.T.; Hyndman, J.R., Vapor Pressure of Benzene Above 100 C, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1952, 44, 387. [all data]

Kay and Nevens, 1952
Kay, W.B.; Nevens, T.D., Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium Relations in Binary Systems: the Ethane-benzene SYStem, Chem. Eng. Prog., Symp. Ser., 1952, 48, 3, 108. [all data]

Gornowski, Amick, et al., 1947
Gornowski, E.J.; Amick, E.H.; Hixson, A.N., Pressure-Volume-Temperature Relations of Benzene, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 1348. [all data]

Young, 1910
Young, S., The Internal Heat of Vaporization constants of thirty pure substances, Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc., 1910, 12, 374. [all data]

Schamhardt, 1908
Schamhardt, , Thesis, Amsterdam, 1908. [all data]

Altschul, 1893
Altschul, M., The critical values of some organic compounds, Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1893, 11, 577. [all data]

Young, 1889
Young, S., On the Vapor Pressures and SPecific Volumes of Similar Compounds of Elements in Relation to the Position of Those Elements in the Periodic Table, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1889, 55, 486. [all data]

Ramsay, 1881
Ramsay, W., Proc. R. Soc. London, 1881, 31, 194-205. [all data]

Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

P_c Critical pressure
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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