Urea, tetramethyl-

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil449.7KN/AWeast and Grasselli, 1989BS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus272.2KN/AKozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
Tfus272.0KN/AZordan, Hurkot, et al., 1972Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple270.48KN/AKabo, Kozyro, et al., 1995Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap13.5 ± 0.2kcal/molCKabo, Miroshnichenko, et al., 1990see Simirsky, Kabo, et al., 1987 and Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988, 2; ALS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
9.97450.A,EBKneisl and Zondlo, 1987Based on data from 320. to 450. K.; AC
12.5325.A,EBKneisl and Zondlo, 1987Based on data from 320. to 450. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
3.2027272.2Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988, 3DH
3.2027272.2Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988, 3DH
3.35272.1Jamróz, Dobrowolski, et al., 2001AC
3.20272.2Kabo, Kozyro, et al., 1995, 2See also Domalski and Hearing, 1996.; AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
11.8272.2Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988, 3DH
11.8272.2Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988, 3DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)222.4kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity215.0kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.74 ± 0.05EIBaldwin, Kirkien-Konasiewicz, et al., 1966RDSH
8.64PEDougherty, Wittel, et al., 1976Vertical value; LLK
8.67PEMines and Thompson, 1975Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C2H6N+10.10?EILoudon and Webb, 1977LLK
C3H6NO+11.75?EILoudon and Webb, 1977LLK

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988
Kozyro, A.A.; Krasulin, A.P.; Simirsky, V.V.; Markovnik, V.S., Thermodynamic properties of tetramethylurea, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1988, 62, 1747-52. [all data]

Zordan, Hurkot, et al., 1972
Zordan, T.A.; Hurkot, D.G.; Peterson, M.; Hepler, L.G., Enthalpies and entropies of melting from differential scanning calorimetry and freezing point depressions: urea, methylurea, 1, 1-dimethylurea, 1, 3- dimethylurea, tetramethylurea, and thiourea, Thermochim. Acta, 1972, 5, 21. [all data]

Kabo, Kozyro, et al., 1995
Kabo, G.Ya.; Kozyro, A.A.; Diky, V.V.; Simirsky, V.V., Additivity of Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Compounds in Crystalline State. 2. Heat Capacities and Enthalpies of Phase Transition of Alkyl Derivatives of Urea in Crystalline State, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 371-93. [all data]

Kabo, Miroshnichenko, et al., 1990
Kabo, G.Ya.; Miroshnichenko, E.A.; Frenkel, M.L.; Kozyro, A.A.; Simirskii, V.V.; Krasulin, A.P.; Vorob'eva, V.P.; Lebedev, Yu.A., Thermochemistry of urea alkyl derivatives, Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Div. Chem. Sci., 1990, 662-667. [all data]

Simirsky, Kabo, et al., 1987
Simirsky, V.V.; Kabo, G.J.; Frenkel, M.L., Additivity of the enthalpies of formation of urea derivatives in the crystalline state, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 1121-1127. [all data]

Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988, 2
Kozyro, A.A.; Krasulin, A.P.; Simirskii, V.V.; Markovnik, V.S., Thermodynamic properties of tetramethylurea, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1988, 62, 895-897. [all data]

Kneisl and Zondlo, 1987
Kneisl, Philip; Zondlo, John W., Vapor pressure, liquid density, and the latent heat of vaporization as functions of temperature for four dipolar aprotic solvents, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1987, 32, 1, 11-13, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00047a003 . [all data]

Kozyro, Krasulin, et al., 1988, 3
Kozyro, A.A.; Krasulin, A.P.; Simirskii, V.V.; Markovnik, V.S., Thermodynamic properties of tetramethylurea, Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1988, 62, 1747-1751. [all data]

Jamróz, Dobrowolski, et al., 2001
Jamróz, Malgorzata E.; Dobrowolski, Jan Cz.; Polaczek, Jerzy; Szafranski, Andrzej M.; Kazimirski, Jan K.; Lisicki, Zygmunt, (Solid + liquid) equilibria, i.r., and semi-empirical studies of carbazole with selected tertiary amides, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2001, 33, 5, 565-579, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.2000.0770 . [all data]

Kabo, Kozyro, et al., 1995, 2
Kabo, Gennady J.; Kozyro, Alexander A.; Diky, Vladimir V.; Simirsky, Vladimir V., Additivity of Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Compounds in Crystalline State. 2. Heat Capacities and Enthalpies of Phase Transition of Alkyl Derivatives of Urea in Crystalline State, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 2, 371-393, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00018a005 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Baldwin, Kirkien-Konasiewicz, et al., 1966
Baldwin, M.; Kirkien-Konasiewicz, A.; Loudon, A.G.; Maccoll, A.; Smith, D., Localised or delocalised charges in molecule-ions?, Chem. Commun., 1966, 574. [all data]

Dougherty, Wittel, et al., 1976
Dougherty, D.; Wittel, K.; Meeks, J.; McGlynn, S.P., Photoelectron spectroscopy of carbonyls. Ureas, uracils, and thymine, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 3815. [all data]

Mines and Thompson, 1975
Mines, G.W.; Thompson, H.W., The photoelectron spectra of amides, thioamides, ureas and thioureas, Spectrochim. Acta, 1975, 31, 137. [all data]

Loudon and Webb, 1977
Loudon, A.G.; Webb, K.S., The nature of the [C2H6N]+ and [CH4N]+ ions formed by electron impact on methylated formamides, acetamides, ureas, thioureas and hexamethylphosphoramide, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1977, 12, 283. [all data]


Notes

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