n-Hexadecanoic acid

Formula: C₁₆H₃₂O₂
Molecular weight: 256.4241
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 57-10-3
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Hexadecanoic acid; n-Hexadecoic acid; Palmitic acid; Pentadecanecarboxylic acid; 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid; Cetylic acid; Emersol 140; Emersol 143; Hexadecylic acid; Hydrofol; Hystrene 8016; Hystrene 9016; Industrene 4516; Glycon P-45; Prifac 2960; NSC 5030; Palmitinic acid; Kortacid 1695; 60605-23-4; 116860-99-2; 212625-86-0; Hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid); Hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid; Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid)
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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	TR-5 MS	TR-5 MS	RTX-1	SLB-5 MS	SLB-5 MS
Column length (m)	15.	15.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	35 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)	35 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C (3 mion) 15 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)	not specified	not specified	not specified
I	1975.	1992.	1956.	1964.	1977.
Reference	Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014	Kurashov, Krylova, et al., 2013	Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012	Mondello, 2012	Mondello, 2012
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-5 MS	VF-5	VF-5	Siloxane, 5 % Ph	5 % Phenyl polydimethyl siloxane
Column length (m)	15.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	35 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C 10 0C/min -> 280 0C (3 min)	50 0C (2 min) 3 0C/min -> 200 0C (3 min) 10 0C/min -> 220 0C (8 min)	not specified	not specified	not specified
I	1964.	1978.	1961.	1967.	1964.
Reference	Nadaf, Halimi, et al., 2012	Shivashankar, Roy, et al., 2012	Shivashankar, Roy, et al., 2012	VOC BinBase, 2012	Chaverri, Diaz, et al., 2011
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	OV-1	HP-5 MS	HP-5	VF-5 MS	HP-5 MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	40 0C 2 0C/min -> 120 0C 10 0C/min -> 230 0C (15 min)	40 0C (5 min) 30 0C/min -> 60 0C 6 0C/min -> 230 0C (10 min)	not specified	not specified	40 0C (10 min) 3 0C/min -> 200 0C 2 0C/min -> 220 0C
I	1953.	1929.	1980.	1962.	1952.
Reference	Chen and Li, 2011	Grzeszczuk, Wesolowska, et al., 2011	Kahriman, Tosun, et al., 2011	Liu, Lu, et al., 2011	Nance and Setzer, 2011
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Polydimethyl siloxane, 5 % phenyl	DB-5	HP-5	RTX-1	HP-5
Column length (m)		30.	30.	60.	30.
Carrier gas			Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)		0.32	0.25	0.22	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)			0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	not specified	not specified	not specified	not specified	not specified
I	1967.	1984.	1987.	1949.	1980.
Reference	Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011	Yusuf and Bewaji, 2011	Bi Kouame, Bedi, et al., 2010	Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010	Kahriman, Tosun, et al., 2010
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	ZB-1 MS	DB-1	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	HP-5 MS	Elite-5 MS
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	50 0C 3 0C/min -> 150 0C (10 min) 10 0C/min -> 250 0C	50 0C (5 min) 3 0C/min -> 120 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (20 min)	50 0C (2 min) 10 0C/min -> 150 0C 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (10 min)	60 0C ( 1 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C (1 min) 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (21 min)	60 0C (1 min) 1.5 0C/min -> 185 0C (1 min) 9 0C/min -> 275 0C (2 min)
I	1968.	1937.	1942.	1917.	1967.
Reference	Al-Reza, Rahman, et al., 2009	Delort and Jaquier, 2009	Huang, Qin, et al., 2009	Jalali-Heravi, Parastar, et al., 2009	Kapoor, Singh, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	HP-5 MS	RTX-5 MS	RTX-5 MS	HP-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	30.	50.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.17	0.25	0.25	0.25	1.05
Program	60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C 11 0C/min -> 280 0C	40 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 270 0C -> 260 0C (20 min)	50 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 300 0C	not specified	not specified
I	1973.	1957.	1984.	1984.	1977.
Reference	Maggi, Bilek, et al., 2009	Mancini, Arnold, et al., 2009	Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009	Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009	Pugliese, Sirtori, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-1	HP-5MS	RTX-5	RTX-5	HP-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas		He	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.17	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	not specified	40 0C (2 min) 3 0C/min -> 180 0C (2 min) 15 0C -> 280 0C	60 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 110 0C 3 0C/min -> 220 0C (5 min)	not specified	40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min)
I	1940.	1953.	1978.	2010.	1958.
Reference	Wetwiayaklung, Thavanapong, et al., 2009	Ning, Zheng, et al., 2008	Zachariah, Leela, et al., 2008	Zachariah, Leela, et al., 2008	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	SPB-1	HP-5MS	HP-5 MS	DB-5 MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	60.
Carrier gas		Helium	He	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	1.0
Program	not specified	35 0C (2 min) 1 0C/min -> 90 0C 3 0C/min -> 220 0C	40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C(15min) => 10C/min => 270C	40 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 250 0C (15 min) 10 0C/min -> 270 0C	40 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 100 0C 4 0C/min -> 180 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C (12 min)
I	1962.	1981.	1957.	1957.	2010.
Reference	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	Borse, Rao, et al., 2007	Formisano, Mignola, et al., 2007	Formisano, Rigano, et al., 2007	Liu, Xu, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	HP-5	HP-5 MS	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	50.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	Helium	Helium	Helium	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	40C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C => 2C/min => 220C	60 0C (1 min) 5 0C/min -> 160 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C	not specified	not specified	50C(2min) => 6C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 270C(10min)
I	1969.	1972.	1951.	1960.	1962.
Reference	Moronkola, Ogunwande, et al., 2007	Nivinsliene, Butkiene, et al., 2007	Ristic, Krivokuca-Dokic, et al., 2007	Sharififar, Mozaffarian, et al., 2007	Deng, Xu, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C(15min) => 10C/min => 270C	40C (5min) => 2C/min => 250C(15min) => 5C/min => 270C (10min)	40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C (15min) => 10C/min => 270C	40C(3min) => 2C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 250C(5min)	not specified
I	1957.	1965.	1957.	1973.	1972.
Reference	Formisano C., Senatore F., et al., 2006	Massardo, Senatore, et al., 2006	Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2006	Alissandrakis, Kibaris, et al., 2005	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1		OV-1	DB-5MS	HP-5
Column length (m)	30.		15.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He		He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25		0.317	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25			0.25	0.25
Program	45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 300C (15min)	not specified	50C(4min) => 4C/min => 90C => 10C/min => 300C(10min)	40C => 2C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 260C	40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C(15min) => 10C/min => 270C
I	1960.	1948.	1948.	1961.	1957.
Reference	Touafek, Nacer, et al., 2005	El-Shazily, Hafez, et al., 2004	El-Shazly and Hussein, 2004	Maia, Andrade, et al., 2004	Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	HP-5MS	DB-5 MS	DB-5 MS	HP-1
Column length (m)		30.	30.	30.	50.
Carrier gas		He	Helium	Helium	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)		0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	1.0	1.0	0.52
Program	not specified	40C (10min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 250C (5min)	not specified	not specified	40C => 2C/min => 130C => 4C/min => 250C
I	1977.	1975.	1960.	1975.	1980.
Reference	Morteza-Semnani and Vahedi, 2002	Ansorena, Gimeno, et al., 2001	Luo and Agnew, 2001	Luo and Agnew, 2001	Teai, Claude-Lafontaine, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	HP-5	CP Sil 5 CB	SE-54	SF-96
Column length (m)	30.	30.	25.	25.	40.
Carrier gas	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.39	0.31	0.28
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25
Program	40C => 2C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 260C	40C (10min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 250C (5min)	not specified	not specified	75C => 3C/min => 190C(25min) => 3C/min => 210C
I	1962.	1983.	1942.	1964.	1958.
Reference	Andrade, Maia, et al., 2000	Ansorena, Astiasarán, et al., 2000	Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1999	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	Kawasaki, Matsui, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-1	DB-1	DB-1	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	30.	50.
Carrier gas			H2	H2	Hydrogen
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Program	not specified	not specified	30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C	30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C	not specified
I	1973.	1981.	1943.	1944.	1945.
Reference	Kawai, Ishida, et al., 1991	Kawai, Ishida, et al., 1991	Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988	Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988	Waggott and Davies, 1984
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Other
Active phase	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	Methyl Silicone
Column length (m)	50.	50.
Carrier gas	Hydrogen	Hydrogen
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)
Program	not specified	not specified	not specified
I	1973.	1980.	1973.
Reference	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Ardrey and Moffat, 1981
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program, Notes

Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014
Kurashov, E.A.; Mitrukova, G.G.; Krylova, Yu.V., Variations in the component composition of essential oil of Ceratophyllum demersum (Ceratophyllaceae) during vegetation (in press), Plant Resources (Rastitel'nye Resursy), 2014, 1, 000-000. [all data]

Kurashov, Krylova, et al., 2013
Kurashov, E.A.; Krylova, Yu.V.; Mitrukova, G.G., Variations in component composition of essential oil of Potamogeton pusillus (Potamogetonaceae) dirong vegetation, Plant Resources (Rastitel'nye Resursy), 2013, 000-000. [all data]

Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012
Bendiabdellah, A.; El Amine Dib, M.; Djabou, N.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Costa, J.; Myseli, A., Biological activities and volatile cinstituents of Daucus muricatus L. from Algeria, Chem. Centr. J., 2012, 6, 48, 1-22. [all data]

Mondello, 2012
Mondello, L., HS-SPME-GCxGC-MS analysis of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Shimadzu GC-GC application compendium of comprehensive 2D GC, Vol. 1-5, Shimadzu Corp., 2012, 1-29. [all data]

Nadaf, Halimi, et al., 2012
Nadaf, M.; Halimi, M.; Mortazavi, M., Identification of nonpolar chemical composition Spartium junceum flower growing in Iran by GC-MS, Middle-East J. Sci. Res., 2012, 11, 2, 221-224. [all data]

Shivashankar, Roy, et al., 2012
Shivashankar, S.; Roy, T.K.; Moorthy, P.N.R., Headspace solid phase micro extraction and GC/MS analysis of the volatile components in seed and cake of Azadirachta indica A. juss, Chem. Bull. of Politechnika Univ. Timisoara, Romania, 2012, 57(71), 1, 1-6. [all data]

VOC BinBase, 2012
VOC BinBase, The volatile compound BinBase (VOC BinBase), 2012, retrieved from http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/projects/VocBinBase and http://binbase.sourceforge.net. [all data]

Chaverri, Diaz, et al., 2011
Chaverri, C.; Diaz, C.; Cicco, J.F., Chemical analysis of essential oils from Ocotea gomezii W.C. Burger and Ocotea morae Gomez-Laur. (Lauraceae) collected at Reserva biologica Alberto M. Brenes in Costa Rica and their cytotoxic activity on Tumor cell lines, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2011, 22, 4, s1-s4, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532011000400018 . [all data]

Chen and Li, 2011
Chen, S.; Li, X., Analysis of common volatile constituents between herbal pair Ephedra Sinica Stapf-Zingiber offoconale Rosc. and its single herb by GC-MS combined with AMWFA method, 2011, retrieved from http://www.webmedcentral.com. [all data]

Grzeszczuk, Wesolowska, et al., 2011
Grzeszczuk, M.; Wesolowska, A.; Jadczak, D.; Jakubowska, B., Nutritional value of Chili edible flowers, Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 2011, 10, 2, 85-94. [all data]

Kahriman, Tosun, et al., 2011
Kahriman, N.; Tosun, G.; Terzioglu, S.; Karaoglu, S.A.; Yayh, N., Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from the flower, leaf, and stem of Senecio pandurifolis, Rec. Nat. Prod., 2011, 5, 2, 82-91. [all data]

Liu, Lu, et al., 2011
Liu, S.; Lu, S.; Su, Y.; Guo, Y., Analysis of volatile compounds in Radix Bupleuri injection by GC-MS-MS, Chromatographia, 2011, 74, 5-6, 497-502, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-011-2082-7 . [all data]

Nance and Setzer, 2011
Nance, M.R.; Setzer, W.N., Volatile components of aroma hops (Humulus lupulus L.) commonly used in beer brewing, J. of Brewing and Distilling, 2011, 2, 2, 16-22. [all data]

Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011
Skogerson, K.; Wohlgemuth, G.; Fiehn, O., VocBinNase, 2011, retrieved from http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/projects//VocBinBase. [all data]

Yusuf and Bewaji, 2011
Yusuf, O.K.; Bewaji, C.O., Evaluation of essential oils composition of methanolic Allium sativum extract on Trypanosoma brucei infected rats, Res. Pharmaceutical Biotechnol., 2011, 3, 2, 17-21. [all data]

Bi Kouame, Bedi, et al., 2010
Bi Kouame, F.P.; Bedi, G.; Koffi, A.M.; Chalchat, J.C.; Guessan, T.Y.N., Volatile constituents from leaves of Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae): a medicinal plant from the Ivory Coast, The Open Nat. Prod. J., 2010, 3, 1, 6-9, https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848101003010006 . [all data]

Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010
Dib, M.ElA.; Djabou, N.; Desjobert, L.-M.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Muselli, A.; Costa, J., Characterization of volatile compounds of Daucus crinitus Desf. headspace solid phase microextraction as alternative technique to hydrodistillation, Chem, Centr. J., 2010, 4, 16, 1-15. [all data]

Kahriman, Tosun, et al., 2010
Kahriman, N.; Tosun, G.; Genc, H.; Yayli, N., Comparative essential oil analysis of Geranium sylvaticum estracted by hydrodistillation and microwave distillation, Turk. J. Chem., 2010, 34, 969-976. [all data]

Al-Reza, Rahman, et al., 2009
Al-Reza, S.M.; Rahman, A.; Kang, S.C., Chemical composition and inhibitory effect of essentiasl oil and organic extracts of Cestrum nocturnum L. om food-borne pathogens, Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 2009, 44, 6, 1176-1182, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.01939.x . [all data]

Delort and Jaquier, 2009
Delort, E.; Jaquier, A., Novel terpenyl esters from Australian finger lime (Citrus australasica) peel extract, Flav. Fragr. J., 2009, 24, 3, 123-132, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1922 . [all data]

Huang, Qin, et al., 2009
Huang, B.; Qin, L.; Chu, Q.; Zhang, Q.; Gao, L.; Zheng, H., Comparison of headspace SPME with hydrodistillation and SFE for analysis of the volatile components of the roots of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia, Chromatographia, 2009, 69, 5/6, 489-496, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-008-0921-y . [all data]

Jalali-Heravi, Parastar, et al., 2009
Jalali-Heravi, M.; Parastar, H.; Ebrahimi-Najafabadi, H., Chracterization of volatile components of Iranian saffron using factorial-based response surface modeling of ultrasonic extraction combined with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis, J. Chromatogr. A, 2009, 1216, 33, 6088-6097, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.06.067 . [all data]

Kapoor, Singh, et al., 2009
Kapoor, I.; Singh, B.; Singh, G.; De Heluani, C.S.; De Lampasona, M.P.; Catalan, C.A.N., Chemistry and in vitro antioxidant activity of volatile oil and oleoresins of black pepper (Piper nigrum), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 12, 5358-5364, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf900642x . [all data]

Maggi, Bilek, et al., 2009
Maggi, F.; Bilek, T.; Lucarini, D.; Papa, F.; Sagratini, G.; Vittori, S., Melittis melissophyllum L. subsp. melissophylum (Lamiaceae) from central Italy: A new source of a mushrrom-like flavour, Food Chem., 2009, 113, 1, 216-221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.066 . [all data]

Mancini, Arnold, et al., 2009
Mancini, E.; Arnold, N.A.; De Martino, L.; De Feo, V.; Formisano, C.; Rigano, D.; Senatore, F., Chemical composition and phytotoxic effects of essential oils of Salvia hierosolymitana Boiss. and Salvia multicaulis Vahl. var. simplicifolia Boiss. growing wild in Lebanon, Molecules, 2009, 14, 11, 4725-4736, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14114725 . [all data]

Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009
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Notes

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program, References

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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