Pentane, 2,3,4-trimethyl-

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Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-10140.747.1Chen, Liang, et al., 2001He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-10160.750.2Chen, Liang, et al., 2001He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedC78, Branched paraffin130.765.1Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000He; Column length: 3.3 m
CapillaryOV-1010.743.Skrbic, 1997 
CapillaryOV-1010.745.Skrbic, 1997 
CapillaryOV-101150.765.6Cha and Lee, 1994Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillaryOV-101180.771.3Cha and Lee, 1994Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySqualane25.749.Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994 
PackedC78, Branched paraffin130.764.2Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 3.3 m
CapillaryBP-10.743.Skrbic and Cvejanov, 199215. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm, N2
PackedApolane130.765.Dutoit, 1991Column length: 3.7 m
CapillaryOV-160.752.Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989 
CapillaryOV-10140.748.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillaryOV-10160.750.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillaryOV-10180.754.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillarySqualane50.751.6Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillarySqualane70.755.05Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillaryOV-10140.748.4Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10150.749.8Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10160.751.2Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10170.752.7Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10130.747.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10140.748.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10150.749.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10160.750.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10170.752.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10180.754.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-330.748.3Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-340.749.6Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-350.751.0Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-360.752.5Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-370.754.0Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-380.755.6Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryDB-160.751.9Lubeck and Sutton, 1983Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm
CapillaryDB-160.751.9Lubeck and Sutton, 198360. m/0.259 mm/1. μm
CapillaryOV-10150.750.Johansen and Ettre, 1982100. m/0.27 mm/0.20 μm
CapillaryOV-10150.750.Johansen and Ettre, 198255. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillarySF-9650.750.Johansen and Ettre, 198291.4 m/0.31 mm/0.20 μm
CapillaryOV-130.748.2Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-140.749.7Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-150.751.3Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-160.752.9Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-170.754.6Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-180.756.4Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3030.747.7Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3040.748.3Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3050.749.3Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3060.750.1Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3070.751.1Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3080.752.Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
PackedTriacontane80.755.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedSqualane80.756.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedOV-180.754.Dimov and Papazova, 1979Chromosorb W AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 4. m
PackedSE-3080.754.Dimov and Papazova, 1979Chromosorb W AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 4. m
CapillarySqualane60.754.Chretien and Dubois, 1976 
PackedApolane70.755.5Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m
CapillarySqualane50.752.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.755.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-10150.750.Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 197325. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-10150.750.Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 197325. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-10160.752.Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 197325. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-10160.752.Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 197325. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)35.748.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)45.750.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)50.751.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)58.752.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)68.754.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillarySqualane70.752.5Dimov and Schopov, 1971Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-3080.754.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
PackedSqualane25.748.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
PackedSqualane80.758.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
CapillarySqualane40.751.Matukuma, 1969N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane27.749.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane49.752.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane67.755.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane86.757.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane30.750.5Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m
PackedSqualane50.753.Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m
CapillarySqualane30.750.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane50.752.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.756.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane40.751.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane55.754.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane70.756.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-101743.Hayes and Pitzer, 1982110. m/0.25 mm/0.20 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryApiezon L753.Louis, 1971N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH-100746.7Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min)
CapillaryDB-1752.Hoekman, 199360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5759.Insausti, Goñi, et al., 200550. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 35. C @ 15. min, 8. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillarySPB-1743.63LECO Corporation, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min
CapillaryOV-101747.6Yin, Liu, et al., 2001N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH744.80Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryUltra-1748.Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 19924. K/min; Tstart: -40. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH745.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryOV-101743.Hayes and Pitzer, 1981108. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone757.70Hassoun, Pilling, et al., 199950. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C(2min) => 49.9C/min => 35C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C(2min) => 40C/min => 240C(30min)
CapillaryOV-101748.Wu and Lu, 1984Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-10140.748.Li and Deng, 1998N2; Column length: 51. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryMethyl Silicone50.752.N/AN2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-10150.749.Wu and Lu, 1984, 2 
CapillaryOV-10170.752.Wu and Lu, 1984, 2 
CapillarySqualane100.759.Dimov N., 1976 
CapillarySqualane70.755.Dimov N., 1976 
CapillarySqualane86.746.Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB752.Bramston-Cook, 201360. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
CapillaryPetrocol DH750.Supelco, 2012100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillarySE-54749.Guan, Li, et al., 199560. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1751.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillarySF-96750.Donetzhuber, Johansson, et al., 1976Nitrogen, 3. K/min, 130. C @ 40. min; Column length: 111. m; Column diameter: 0.76 mm; Initial hold: 8. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone757.Chen and Feng, 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone752.Feng and Mu, 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone754.Blunden, Aneja, et al., 200560. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min)
CapillaryOV-101754.Du and Liang, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxanes748.Yin, Guo, et al., 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone746.Spieksma, 1999Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1746.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-101743.Skrbic and Cvejanov, 1993Program: not specified
CapillarySqualane744.Petrov, 1984Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.743.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.744.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.750.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
PackedSE-30761.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold)
PackedSqualane760.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min => 35 => 4C/min => 95C(hold)
PackedSE-30761.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C(10min) => 20C/min(2min) => 90C(6min) => 10C/min(6min) => (hold at 150C)
PackedSqualane760.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min(5min) => 4C/min(15min) => (hold at 95C)

References

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chen, Liang, et al., 2001
Chen, J.P.; Liang, X.M.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, L.F., Prediction of GC retention values under various column temperature conditions from temperature programmed data, Chromatographia, 2001, 53, 9/10, 539-547, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491619 . [all data]

Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000
Dallos, A.; Sisak, A.; Kulcsár, Z.; Kováts, E., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography VII. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with secondary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 904, 2, 211-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00908-0 . [all data]

Skrbic, 1997
Skrbic, B.D., Unified retention concept -- statistical treatment of Kováts retention index, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 764, 2, 257-264, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(96)00955-7 . [all data]

Cha and Lee, 1994
Cha, K.-W.; Lee, D.-J., Prediction of retention indices of various compounds in gas-liquid chromatography, J. Korean Chem. Soc., 1994, 38, 2, 108-120, retrieved from http://journal.kcsnet.or.kr/publi/dh/dh94n2/108.pdf. [all data]

Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994
Hilal, S.H.; Carreira, L.A.; Karickhoff, S.W.; Melton, C.M., Estimation of Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Retention Times from Molecular Structure, J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 662, 2, 269-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80515-6 . [all data]

Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992
Reddy, K.S.; Dutoit, J.-Cl.; Kovats, E. sz., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography. I. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with non-associated primary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr., 1992, 609, 1-2, 229-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80167-S . [all data]

Skrbic and Cvejanov, 1992
Skrbic, B.D.; Cvejanov, J.Dj., Unified retention indices of hydrocarbons on BP-1 dimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Chromatographia, 1992, 34, 1/2, 83-84, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290465 . [all data]

Dutoit, 1991
Dutoit, J., Gas chromatographic retention behaviour of some solutes on structurally similar polar and non-polar stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 555, 1-2, 191-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87179-X . [all data]

Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989
Engewald, W.; Maurer, T.; Schiefke, A., Investigation of isomeric hydrocarbons by gas-solid chromatography on graphitized thermal carbon black, Pure Appl. Chem., 1989, 61, 11, 2001-2004, https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961112001 . [all data]

Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H., Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908 . [all data]

Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
Lunskii, M.Kh.; Paizanskaya, I.L., Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 127-135. [all data]

Boneva and Dimov, 1986
Boneva, S.; Dimov, N., Unified retention index of hydrocarbons separated on dimethylsilicone OV-101, Chromatographia, 1986, 21, 12, 697-700, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02313682 . [all data]

Chien, Furio, et al., 1983
Chien, C.-F.; Furio, D.L.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J., Specific Retention Volumes and Retention Indices of Selected Hydrocarbon Solutes with OV-101 and SP-2100 Polydimethylsiloxane Solvents, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 10, 577-580, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061013 . [all data]

Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2
Chien, C.-F.; Furio, D.L.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J., Specific retention volumes and retention indices of selected hydrocarbon solutes with OV-3, OV-7, OV-11, OV-17, OV-22, and OV-25 polymethylphenylsiloxane solvents, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1983, 6, 12, 669-679, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061207 . [all data]

Lubeck and Sutton, 1983
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL., Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 6, 328-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240060612 . [all data]

Johansen and Ettre, 1982
Johansen, N.G.; Ettre, L.S., Retention index values of hydrocarbons on open-tubular columns coated with methylsilicone liquid phases, Chromatographia, 1982, 15, 10, 625-630, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02279488 . [all data]

Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981
Chien, C.-F.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J., Specific Retention Volumes and Retention Indices of Selected Hydrocarbon Solutes with OV-1 and SE-30 Polydimethylsiloxane Solvents, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1981, 4, 10, 539-543, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240041017 . [all data]

Castello and D'Amato, 1979
Castello, G.; D'Amato, G., Use of Linear and Branched-Chain Paraffinic Liquid Phases as Non-Polar Reference Materials in Gas Chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1979, 175, 1, 27-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86400-6 . [all data]

Dimov and Papazova, 1979
Dimov, N.; Papazova, D., Calculation of retention indices of isoparaffins on different phases, Chromatographia, 1979, 12, 7, 443-447, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02302987 . [all data]

Chretien and Dubois, 1976
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J.-E., New Perspectives in the Prediction of Kovats Indices, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 171-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84071-1 . [all data]

Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976
Riedo, F.; Fritz, D.; Tarján, G.; Kováts, E.Sz., A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 63-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84063-2 . [all data]

Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A., High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons, Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819 . [all data]

Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973
Pacáková, V.; Hoch, K.; Smolková, E., The Effect of Instrumentation on the Precision of Retention Indexes, Chromatographia, 1973, 6, 7, 320-324, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269334 . [all data]

Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Sidorov, R.I.; Petrova, V.I.; Ivanova, M.P., Qualitative analysis of wide-boiling fraction C5-C10 with capillary chromatography in Processes in chromatographic columns. Vol.17, 1972, 14-25. [all data]

Dimov and Schopov, 1971
Dimov, N.; Schopov, D., Empirische korrektion der physikalisch-chemischen retentionsindexe von kohlenwasserstoffen auf squalan, J. Chromatogr., 1971, 63, 223-228, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)85634-X . [all data]

Mitra and Saha, 1970
Mitra, G.D.; Saha, N.C., Determination of Retention Indices of Saturated Hydrocarbons by Graphical Methods, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1970, 8, 2, 95-102, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/8.2.95 . [all data]

Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A., Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data, Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]

Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203 . [all data]

Tourres, 1967
Tourres, D.A., Structural analysis of industrial butene dimers by gas chromatography, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1967, 5, 1, 35-40, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/5.1.35 . [all data]

Tourres, 1967, 2
Tourres, D.A., Structure moléculaire et rétention en chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Influence de la température sur l'indice de rétention d'alcanes isomères, J. Chromatogr., 1967, 30, 357-377, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)84168-0 . [all data]

Evans, 1966
Evans, M.B., Retention indices of solutes on squalane, dinonyl phthalate, and polyethylene glycol 400, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1966, 4, 1, 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/4.1.1 . [all data]

Hayes and Pitzer, 1982
Hayes, P.C., Jr.; Pitzer, E.W., Characterizing petroleum- and shale-derived jet fuel distillates via temperature-programmed Kováts indices, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 253, 179-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88376-X . [all data]

Louis, 1971
Louis, R., Kovats-index-tafeln zur gaschromatographischen analyse von kohlenwasserstoffgemischen, Erdoel Kohle Erdgas Petrochem., 1971, 24, 2, 88-94. [all data]

Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997
Haagen-Smit Laboratory, Procedure for the detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasolines by single column high efficiency (capillary) column gas chromatography, SOP NO. MLD 118, Revision No. 1.1, California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, 1997, 22. [all data]

Hoekman, 1993
Hoekman, S.K., Improved gas chromatography procedure for speciated hydrocarbon measurements of vehicle emissions, J. Chromatogr., 1993, 639, 2, 239-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80260-F . [all data]

Insausti, Goñi, et al., 2005
Insausti, K.; Goñi, V.; Petri, E.; Gorraiz, C.; Beriain, M.J., Effect of weight at slaughter on the volatile compounds of cooked beef from Spanish cattle breeds, Meat Sci., 2005, 70, 1, 83-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.12.003 . [all data]

LECO Corporation, 2003
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Notes

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