Chamazulene

Formula: C₁₄H₁₆
Molecular weight: 184.2768
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C14H16/c1-4-12-7-5-10(2)13-8-6-11(3)14(13)9-12/h5-9H,4H2,1-3H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 529-05-5
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
Other names: Azulene, 7-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl-; Ba 2784; Camazulene; Chamazulen; Dimethulene; 1,4-Dimethyl-7-ethylazulene; 7-Ethyl-1,4-dimethylazulene; Azulene, 1,4-dimethyl-7-ethyl-; Dimethulen
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Options:
- Switch to SI units

Gas Chromatography

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5MS	1741.	Tuberoso, Kowalczyk, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(5min) => 2C/min => 140C= 5C/min => 250C(5min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	RTX-1	1716.	Muselli, Rossi, et al., 2007	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	SPB-1	1728.	Blagojevic, Radulovic, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-5	1714.	Blagojevic, Radulovic, et al., 2006	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	HP-5MS	1734.	Saroglou, Dorizas, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1735.	Vujisic L., Vuckovic I., et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 4.3 K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 285. C
Capillary	SPB-1	1739.	Boskovic, Radulovic, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-5	1725.	Boskovic, Radulovic, et al., 2005	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	HP-5	1722.	Couladis, Tsortanidou, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 380. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5MS	1742.	Andriamaharavo, 2014	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C (1 min) => 5 C/min => 210C => 10 C/min => 280C (15 min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1725.	Mockute and Judzentiene, 2003	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 60C (2min) => 5C/min => 160C (1min) => 10C/min => 250C (2min)

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1735.	Jian-Yu, Zhu, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 3. min
Capillary	Methylsiloxane + 5 % Ph-groups	1725.	Nadim, Malik, et al., 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 7. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-5	1732.	Abderrahim, Belhamel, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	RTX-1	1707.	Museli, Pau, et al., 2009	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	RTX-1	1719.	Museli, Pau, et al., 2009	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	OV-1	1699.	Nibret and Wink, 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1734.	Zhao, Zeng, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	HP-5	1711.	Bousaada, Ammar, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 50. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 1. min
Capillary	ZB-1	1700.	Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 3. K/min; T_start: 45. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1715.	Basta, Pavlovic, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	Col-Elite 5MS	1749.	Gudaityte and Venskutonis R.P., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 246. C
Capillary	DB-5	1718.	Apel, Sobral, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1722.	Ebrahim Sajjadi and Mehregan, 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1706.	Kitchlu, Bakshi, et al., 2006	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 90. C @ 2. min, 7. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-5	1732.	Morteza-Semnani K., Akbarzadeh M., et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	NB-30	1710.	Orav, Raal, et al., 2006	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1715.	Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2006	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 90. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-5	1733.	Senatore, Rigano, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-5	1708.	Juteau, Jerkovic, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	ZB-1	1700.	Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 3. K/min; T_start: 45. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	NB-30	1715.	Raal, Arak, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	BP-1	1715.	Das, Ram, et al., 2002	25. m/0.50 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	OV-101	1702.	Orav, Kailas, et al., 2001	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	OV-1	1669.	Bicchi, Binello, et al., 1999	25. m/0.32 mm/0.30 μm, Hydrogen, 50. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	OV-1	1674.	Bicchi, Binello, et al., 1999	25. m/0.32 mm/0.30 μm, Hydrogen, 50. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	OV-1	1674.	Bicchi, Binello, et al., 1999	25. m/0.32 mm/0.30 μm, Hydrogen, 50. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	OV-1	1674.	Bicchi, Binello, et al., 1999	25. m/0.32 mm/0.30 μm, Hydrogen, 50. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1714.	Kaul, Singh, et al., 1993	5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1730.	Sharopov, Sulaimonova, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 3 0C/min -> 200 0C 2 0C/min -> 220 0C
Capillary	Optima-5MS	1715.	HEuskin, Godin, et al., 2009	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 230 0C 30 0C/min -> 280 0C (5 min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1732.	Judpentienë and Mockutë, 2004	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 60C(2min) => 5C/min => 160C (1min) => 10C/min => 250C (2min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1725.	Judpentienë and Mockutë, 2004, 2	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 5C/min => 160C(1min) => 10C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	SE-30	1705.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1725.	Mockute and Judzentiene, 2002	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 60C(2min) => 5C/min => 160C(1min) => 10C/min => 250C (2min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1725.	Mockute and Judzentiene, 2002, 2	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 60C(2min) => 5C/min => 160C(1min) => 10C/min => 250C(2min)
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1712.	Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1997	N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	RTX-Wax	2396.	Museli, Pau, et al., 2009	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	NB-20M	2380.	Orav, Raal, et al., 2006	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SW-10	2370.	Raal, Arak, et al., 2003	50. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	PEG-20M	2370.	Orav, Kailas, et al., 2001	He, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 250. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2360.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Tuberoso, Kowalczyk, et al., 2005
Tuberoso, C.I.G.; Kowalczyk, A.; Coroneo, V.; Russo, M.T.; Dessì, S.; Cabras, P., Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oil of Achillea ligustica All., J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 26, 10148-10153, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0518913 . [all data]

Muselli, Rossi, et al., 2007
Muselli, A.; Rossi, P.-G.; Desjobert, J.-M.; Bernardini, A.-F.; Berti, L.; Costa, J., Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Otanthus maritimus (L.) Hoffmanns. Link essential oils from Corsica, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 3, 217-223, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1787 . [all data]

Blagojevic, Radulovic, et al., 2006
Blagojevic, P.; Radulovic, N.; Palic, R.; Stojanovic, G., Chemical composition of the essential oils of Serbian wild-growing Srtemisia absinthium and Artemisia vulgaris, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 13, 4780-4789, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf060123o . [all data]

Saroglou, Dorizas, et al., 2006
Saroglou, V.; Dorizas, N.; Kypriotakis, Z.; Skaltsa, H.D., Analysis of the essential oil composition of eight Anthemis species from Greece, J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1104, 1-2, 313-322, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.087 . [all data]

Vujisic L., Vuckovic I., et al., 2006
Vujisic L.; Vuckovic I.; Tesevic V.; Dokovic D.; Ristic M.S.; Janackovic P.; Milosavljevic S., Comparative examination of the essential oils of Anthemis ruthenica and A-arvensis wild-growing in Serbia, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 458-461, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1681 . [all data]

Boskovic, Radulovic, et al., 2005
Boskovic, Z.; Radulovic, N.; Stojanovic, G., Essential oil composition of four Achillea species from the balkans and its chemotaxonomic significance, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, 41, 6, 674-678, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-006-0009-6 . [all data]

Couladis, Tsortanidou, et al., 2001
Couladis, M.; Tsortanidou, V.; Francisco-Ortega, J.; Santos-Guerra, A.; Harvala, C., Composition of the essential oils of Argyranthemum species growing in the Canary Islands, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 2, 103-106, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.954 . [all data]

Andriamaharavo, 2014
Andriamaharavo, N.R., Retention Data. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center., NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 2014. [all data]

Mockute and Judzentiene, 2003
Mockute, D.; Judzentiene, A., Variability of the essential oils composition of Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium growing wild in Lithuania, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2003, 31, 9, 1033-1045, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00066-8 . [all data]

Jian-Yu, Zhu, et al., 2012
Jian-Yu, S.; Zhu, L.; Tian, Y.-J., Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Matricaria songarica, Int. J. Agriculture Biology, 2012, 14, 1, 107-110. [all data]

Nadim, Malik, et al., 2011
Nadim, M.M.; Malik, A.A.; Ahmad, J.; Bakshi, S.K., The essential oil composition of Achillea millefolium L. cultivated under tropical conditions in India, World J. Agricultural Sci., 2011, 7, 5, 561-565. [all data]

Abderrahim, Belhamel, et al., 2010
Abderrahim, A.; Belhamel, K.; Chalchat, J.-C.; Figueredo, G., Chemical composition of the essential oil from Artemisia arborescens L. growing wild in Algeria, Rec. Nat. Prod., 2010, 4, 1, 87-90. [all data]

Museli, Pau, et al., 2009
Museli, A.; Pau, M.; Desjobert, J.-M.; Foddai, M.; Usai, M.; Costa, J., Volatile constituents of Achllea ligustica All. by HS-SPME/GC/GC-MS. Comparison with essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from Corsica and Sardinia, Chromatographia, 2009, 69, 5/6, 575-585, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-008-0939-1 . [all data]

Nibret and Wink, 2009
Nibret, E.; Wink, M., Volatile components of four Ethiopian Artemisia species extracts and their in vitro antipatrypanosomal and cytotoxic activities, Phytomedicine, 2009, 00, 0, 000-000. [all data]

Zhao, Zeng, et al., 2009
Zhao, C.; Zeng, Y.; Wan, M.; Li, R.; Liang, Y.; Li, C.; Zeng, Z.; Chau, F.-T., Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods, J. Sep. Sci., 2009, 32, 4, 660-670, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200800484 . [all data]

Bousaada, Ammar, et al., 2008
Bousaada, O.; Ammar, S.; Saidana, D.; Chriaa, J.; Chraif, I.; Daami, M.; Helal, A.N.; Mighri, Z., Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatile components from capitula and aerial parts of Rhaponticum acaule DC growing wild in Tunisia, Microbiol. Res., 2008, 163, 1, 87-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2007.02.010 . [all data]

Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2008
Mierendorff, H.-G.; Stahl-Biskup, E.; Posthumus, M.A.; van Beek, T.A., Composition of commercial Cape chamomile oil (Eriocephalus punctuatus / Eriocephalus tenuifolius), 2008, retrieved from http://www.chemische-analysen-hamburg.de/Publikationen?Cape_Chamomile_Oil/. [all data]

Basta, Pavlovic, et al., 2007
Basta, A.; Pavlovic, M.; Couladis, M.; Tzakou, O., Essential oil composition of the flowerheads of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. from Greece, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 3, 197-200, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1781 . [all data]

Gudaityte and Venskutonis R.P., 2007
Gudaityte, O.; Venskutonis R.P., Chemotypes of Achillea millefolium transferred from 14 different locations in Lithuania to the controlled environment, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2007, 35, 9, 582-592, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2007.03.016 . [all data]

Apel, Sobral, et al., 2006
Apel, M.A.; Sobral, M.; Zuanazzi, J.A.S.; Henriques, A.T., Essential oil composition of four Plinia species (Myrtaceae), Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 565-567, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1638 . [all data]

Ebrahim Sajjadi and Mehregan, 2006
Ebrahim Sajjadi, S.; Mehregan, I., Volatile constituents of flowers and leaves of Anthemis hyalina, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2006, 42, 5, 531-533, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-006-0207-2 . [all data]

Kitchlu, Bakshi, et al., 2006
Kitchlu, S.; Bakshi, S.K.; Kaul, M.K.; Bhan, M.K.; Thapa, R.K.; Agarwal, S.G., Tanacetum gracile Hook. f T. A new source of lavandulol from Ladakh Himalaya (India), Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 4, 690-692, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1674 . [all data]

Morteza-Semnani K., Akbarzadeh M., et al., 2006
Morteza-Semnani K.; Akbarzadeh M.; Moshiri K., The essential oil composition of Eupatorium cannabinum L. from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 521-523, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1687 . [all data]

Orav, Raal, et al., 2006
Orav, A.; Raal, A.; Arak, E.; Müürisepp, M.; Kailas, T., Composition of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium L. of different geographical origin, Proc. Est. Acad. Sci. Chem., 2006, 55, 3, 155-165. [all data]

Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2006
Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J.; Pérez de Paz, P.L.; Palá-Paúl, J.; Sanz, J., Analysis by gas chromatography?mass spectrometry of the volatiles from the fruits of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus and subsp. nanocarpus grown in North Africa and the Canary Islands, respectively, J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1108, 2, 273-275, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.031 . [all data]

Senatore, Rigano, et al., 2004
Senatore, F.; Rigano, D.; de Fusco, R.; Bruno, M., Composition of the essential oil from flowerheads of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. (Asteraceae) growing wild in Southern Italy, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 2, 149-152, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1285 . [all data]

Juteau, Jerkovic, et al., 2003
Juteau, F.; Jerkovic, I.; Masotti, V.; Milos, M.; Mastelic, J.; Bessière, J.-M.; Viano, J., Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium from Croatia and France, Planta Medica, 2003, 69, 2, 158-161, https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-37714 . [all data]

Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2003
Mierendorff, H.-G.; Stahl-Biskup, E.; Posthumus, M.A.; van Beek, T.A., Composition of commercial Cape chamomile oil (Eriocephalus punctulatus), Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 510-514, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1259 . [all data]

Raal, Arak, et al., 2003
Raal, A.; Arak, E.; Orav, A.; Ivask, K., Comparison of essential oil content of Matricaria recutita L. from different origins, Ars Pharm., 2003, 44, 2, 159-165, retrieved from http://www.ugr.es/~ars/abstract/44-159-03.pdf. [all data]

Das, Ram, et al., 2002
Das, M.; Ram, G.; Singh, A.; Mallavarapu, G.R.; Ramesh, S.; Ram, M.; Kumar, S., Volatile constituents of different plant parts of Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch grown in the Indo-Gangetic plains, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 1, 9-12, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1035 . [all data]

Orav, Kailas, et al., 2001
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Ivask, K., Volatile constituents of Matricaria recutita L. from Estonia, Proc. Est. Acad. Sci. Chem., 2001, 50, 39-45. [all data]

Bicchi, Binello, et al., 1999
Bicchi, C.; Binello, A.; D'Amato, A.; Rubiolo, P., Reliability of Van den Dool retention indices in the analysis of essential oils, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1999, 37, 8, 288-294, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/37.8.288 . [all data]

Kaul, Singh, et al., 1993
Kaul, V.K.; Singh, B.; Sood, R.P., Volatile Constituents of the Essential Oil of Tanacetum longifolium Wall., J. Essent. Oil Res., 1993, 5, 6, 597-601, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1993.9698290 . [all data]

Sharopov, Sulaimonova, et al., 2012
Sharopov, F.S.; Sulaimonova, V.A.; Setzer, W.N., Composition of the essential oil of Ertemisia absinthium from Tajikistan, Rec. Nat. Prod., 2012, 6, 2, 127-134. [all data]

HEuskin, Godin, et al., 2009
HEuskin, S.; Godin, B.; Leroy, P.; Quentin C.; Wathelet, J.-P.; Verheggen, F.; Haubruge, E.; Lognay, G., Fast gas chromatography characterization of purified semiochemicals from essential oils of Matricaria chamomilla L. (Asteraceae) and Nepeta cataria L. (Lamiaceae), J. Chromatorg. A., 2009, 1216, 14, 2768-2775, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.109 . [all data]

Judpentienë and Mockutë, 2004
Judpentienë, A.; Mockutë, D., Chemical composition of essential oils produced by pink flower inflorescences of wild Achillea millefolium L., Chemija, 2004, 15, 28-32. [all data]

Judpentienë and Mockutë, 2004, 2
Judpentienë, A.; Mockutë, D., Chemical composition of essential oils of Artemisia absinthium L. (wormwood) growing wild in Vilnius, Chemija, 2004, 15, 4, 64-68. [all data]

Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]

Mockute and Judzentiene, 2002
Mockute, D.; Judzentiene, A., Chemotypes of the essential oils of Achillea millefolium L. ssp. millefolium growing wild in Eastern Lithuania, Chemija, 2002, 13, 3, 168-173. [all data]

Mockute and Judzentiene, 2002, 2
Mockute, D.; Judzentiene, A., Chemical composition of the essential oils of Achillea millefolium L. ssp. millefolium (yarrow) growing wild in Vilnius, Chemija, 2002, 13, 2, 97-102. [all data]

Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1997
Weyerstahl, P.; Marschall, H.; Seelmann, I.; Rustaiyan, A., Constituents of the essential oil of Achillea eriophora DC, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 2, 71-78, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199703)12:2<71::AID-FFJ620>3.0.CO;2-E . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.