(-)-β-Bourbonene

Formula: C₁₅H₂₄
Molecular weight: 204.3511
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-9(2)11-7-8-15(4)12-6-5-10(3)13(12)14(11)15/h9,11-14H,3,5-8H2,1-2,4H3/t11-,12?,13?,14?,15-/m1/s1
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YIRAHEODBQONHI-XTLGRWLVSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 5208-59-3
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Stereoisomers:
Other names: Cyclobuta[1,2:3,4]dicyclopentene, decahydro-3a-methyl-6-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, [1S-(1α,3aα,3bβ,6aβ,6bα)]-; β-Bourbonene; Cyclobuta[1,2:3,4]dicyclopentene, 1,2,3,3a,3bβ,4,5,6,6aβ,6bα-decahydro-1α-isopropyl-3aα-methyl-6-methylene-; Cyclobuta[1,2:3,4]dicyclopentene, decahydro-3a-methyl-6-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1α,3aα,3bβ,6aβ,6bα)-; [1S-[1α,3aα,3bβ,6aβ,6bα]]-Cyclobuta[1,2:3,4]dicyclopentene-decahydro-3a-methyl-6-methylene-1-[1-methylethyl]; (1S,3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-1-Isopropyl-3a-methyl-6-methylenedecahydrocyclobuta[1,2:3,4]di[5]annulene; β-bourbenene; Cyclobuta[1,2:3,4]dicyclopentene, decahydro-3a-methyl-6-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1S,3aS,3bR,6aS,6bR)-; beta-bourbonene
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Gas Chromatography
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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	DB-5	HP-1	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	250.		200.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	8.	1.		5.	3.
Final hold (min)	30.	20.		25.
I	1384.	1406.	1385.	1391.	1393.
Reference	Hazzit, Baaliouamer, et al., 2006	Jalali-Heravi, Zekavat, et al., 2006	Lucero, Fredrickson, et al., 2006	Meccia G., Rosquete C., et al., 2006	Mevy, Bessiere, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas		He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.26	0.26	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	210.	246.	246.	250.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.			10.
Final hold (min)	33.			5.
I	1382.	1388.	1384.	1386.	1412.
Reference	Sylvestre, Pichette, et al., 2006	Adams, Morris, et al., 2005	Adams and Nguyen, 2005	Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005	Tepe, Sokmen, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SPB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5	DB-5	DB-5MS
Column length (m)	60.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	1.	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	260.	220.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)		1.		4.
Final hold (min)	30.	15.
I	1401.	1382.	1386.	1384.	1384.
Reference	Gauvin, Lecomte, et al., 2004	Juliani, Zygadlo, et al., 2004	Lopes, Strobl, et al., 2004	Morteza-Semnani, Azadbakht, et al., 2004	Palmeira, Moura, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	CP Sil 8 CB	HP-5MS	DB-1	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	50.	25.
Carrier gas	He	H2	He	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	70.	95.	40.
T_end (C)	300.	220.	250.	240.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)		2.	5.		5.
Final hold (min)					5.
I	1375.	1396.	1375.	1383.	1380.
Reference	Santos, Lopes, et al., 2004	Schwob, Bessiere, et al., 2004	Siani, Garrido, et al., 2004	Velasco-Negueruela, Sanz, et al., 2004	Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	HP-5	DB-5	SE-30
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	1.	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	60.	60.	40.	70.
T_end (C)	280.		280.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	3.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)	2.			5.
Final hold (min)	10.			2.
I	1391.	1384.	1374.	1407.	1382.
Reference	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003	Lucero, Estell, et al., 2003	Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003	Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002	Palá-Paúl, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Cross-Linked Methylsilicone	HP-5MS	PTE-5	PTE-5	BP-1
Column length (m)	50.	30.	60.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	H2	H2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.32	0.32	0.55
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.39	0.39	0.25
T_start (C)	100.	50.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	250.	285.	285.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	4.3	4.3	5.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)					15.
I	1384.	1384.	1386.	1387.	1386.
Reference	Rajeswara Rao, Kaul, et al., 2002	Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2002	Gudzic, Dordevic, et al., 2001	Gudzic, Dordevic, et al., 2001	Jain, Aggarwal, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	HP-5	DB-5	DB-5	SE-30
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	H2	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.26	0.26	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.52	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	60.	70.
T_end (C)	240.	280.	240.	246.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	3.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	1384.	1383.	1384.	1384.	1380.
Reference	Kitic, Palic, et al., 2001	Tzakou and Couladis, 2001	Adams, 2000	Adams, 2000, 2	Kardali, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	DB-5	BP-1	DB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	25.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	He	N2		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.5	0.25	0.50	0.32	0.26
Phase thickness (μm)			0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	180.	220.	250.	246.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	2.	5.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)				5.
Final hold (min)	10.		10.
I	1386.	1384.	1386.	1390.	1383.
Reference	Rao, Kaul, et al., 2000	Rao, Rout, et al., 2000	Rao, Sastry, et al., 2000	Tzakou, Harvala, et al., 2000	Adams, 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	DB-5	CP Sil 5 CB	BP-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	25.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He		N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	240.	240.	280.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	4.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)	5.
Final hold (min)
I	1377.	1384.	1383.	1386.	1387.
Reference	Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999	da Silva, Andrade, et al., 1999	da Silva, Zoghbi, et al., 1999	Kaul and Vats, 1998	Kulkarni, Mallavarapu, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	DB-5	DB-5	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	28.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	60.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	240.	250.	270.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	4.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	5.	5.		5.	1.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.		20.
I	1346.	1346.	1386.	1347.	1383.
Reference	Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1998	Senatore, 1998	Zoghbi, Andrade, et al., 1998	Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1997	Saad, El-Sharkawy, et al., 1995
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Hazzit, Baaliouamer, et al., 2006
Hazzit, M.; Baaliouamer, A.; Faleiro, M.L.; Miguel, M.G., Composition of the Essential Oils of Thymus and Origanum Species from Algeria and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 17, 6314-6321, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0606104 . [all data]

Jalali-Heravi, Zekavat, et al., 2006
Jalali-Heravi, M.; Zekavat, B.; Sereshti, H., Characterization of essential oil components of Iranian geranium oil using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with chemometric resolution techniques, J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1114, 1, 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.02.034 . [all data]

Lucero, Fredrickson, et al., 2006
Lucero, M.E.; Fredrickson, E.L.; Estell, R.E.; Morrison, A.A.; Richman, D.B., Volatile Composition of Gutierrezia sarothrae (Broom Snakeweed) as Determined by Steam Distillation and Solid Phase Microextraction, J. Essent. Oil Res., 2006, 18, 2, 121-125, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2006.9699039 . [all data]

Meccia G., Rosquete C., et al., 2006
Meccia G.; Rosquete C.; Rojas L.B.; San Felician A., New labdane derivative from the essential oil of Acalypha plicata Mull.Arg., Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 559-561, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1679 . [all data]

Mevy, Bessiere, et al., 2006
Mevy, J.P.; Bessiere, J.M.; Rabier, J.; Dherbomez, M.; Ruzzier, M.; Millogo, J.; Viano, J., Composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq., Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 80-83, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1511 . [all data]

Sylvestre, Pichette, et al., 2006
Sylvestre, M.; Pichette, A.; Longtin, A.; Nagau, F.; Legault, J., Essential oil analysis and anticancer activity of leaf essential oil of Croton flavens L. from Guadeloupe, J. Ethnopharmacol., 2006, 103, 1, 99-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.07.011 . [all data]

Adams, Morris, et al., 2005
Adams, R.P.; Morris, J.A.; Pandey, R.N.; Schwarzbach, A.E., Cryptic speciation between Juniperus deltoides and Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) in the Mediterranean, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 8, 771-787, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2005.01.001 . [all data]

Adams and Nguyen, 2005
Adams, R.P.; Nguyen, S., Infra-specific variation in Juniperus deppeana and F. Sperryi in the Davis Mountains of Texas: variation in leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAS (RAPDS), Phytologia, 2005, 87, 2, 96-108. [all data]

Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005
Asuming, W.A.; Beauchamp, P.S.; Descalzo, J.T.; Dev, B.C.; Dev, V.; Frost, S.; Ma, C.W., Essential oil composition of four Lomatium Raf. species and their chemotaxonomy, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 1, 17-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2004.06.005 . [all data]

Tepe, Sokmen, et al., 2005
Tepe, B.; Sokmen, M.; Sokmen, A.; Daferera, D.; Polissiou, M., Antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of the essential oil and various extracts of Cyclotrichium origanifolium (Labill.) Manden. Scheng., J. Food Eng., 2005, 69, 3, 335-342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.08.024 . [all data]

Gauvin, Lecomte, et al., 2004
Gauvin, A.; Lecomte, H.; Smadja, J., Comparative investigations of the essential oils of two scented geranium (Pelargonium spp.) cultivars grown on Reunion Island, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 5, 455-460, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1354 . [all data]

Juliani, Zygadlo, et al., 2004
Juliani, H.R.; Zygadlo, J.A.; Scrivanti, R.; de la Sota, E.; Simon, J.E., The essential oil of Anemia tomentosa (Savigny) Sw. var. anthriscifolia (Schrad.) Mickel, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 6, 541-543, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1341 . [all data]

Lopes, Strobl, et al., 2004
Lopes, D.; Strobl, H.; Kolodziejczyk, P., 14-Methylpentadecano-15-lactone (Muscolide): a new macrocyclic lactone from the oil of Angelica archangelica L., Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2004, 1, 12, 1880-1887, https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200490144 . [all data]

Morteza-Semnani, Azadbakht, et al., 2004
Morteza-Semnani, K.; Azadbakht, M.; Goodarzi, A., The essential oils composition of Phlomis herba-venti L. leaves and flowers of Iranian origin, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 1, 29-31, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1268 . [all data]

Palmeira, Moura, et al., 2004
Palmeira, S.F., Jr.; Moura, F.S.; Alves, V.L.; de Oliveira, F.M.; Bento, E.S.; Conserva, L.M.; Andrade, E.H.A., Neutral components from hexane extracts of Croton sellowii, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 1, 69-71, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1298 . [all data]

Santos, Lopes, et al., 2004
Santos, A.P.; Lopes, M.C.; Limberger, R.P.; Apel, M.A.; Henriques, A.T.; Moreno, P.R.H., Analysis of the volatile oil from Pilocarpus pennatifolius Lemmaire (Rutaceae) leaves by GC-MS, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 4, 325-326, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1306 . [all data]

Schwob, Bessiere, et al., 2004
Schwob, I.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Masotti, V.; Viano, J., Changes in essential oil composition in Saint John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) aerial parts during its phenological cycle, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2004, 32, 8, 735-745, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2003.12.005 . [all data]

Siani, Garrido, et al., 2004
Siani, A.C.; Garrido, I.S.; Monteiro, S.S.; Carvalho, E.S.; Ramos, M.F.S., Protium icicariba as a source of volatile essences, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2004, 32, 5, 477-489, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2003.11.003 . [all data]

Velasco-Negueruela, Sanz, et al., 2004
Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Sanz, J.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J.; Palá-Paúl, J., The volatile components of the aerial parts of Melittis melissophyllum L. subsp. melissophyllum gathered in Spain, Botanica Complutensis, 2004, 28, 133-136. [all data]

Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003
Amparo Blázquez, M.; Pérez, I.; Boira, H., Essential oil analysis of Teucrium libanitis and T. turredanum by GC and GC-MS, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 497-501, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1256 . [all data]

Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003
Baranauskiene, R.; Venskutonis, P.R.; Viskelis, P.; Dambrauskiene, E., Influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 26, 7751-7758, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0303316 . [all data]

Lucero, Estell, et al., 2003
Lucero, M.E.; Estell, R.E.; Frederickson, E.L., The essential oil composition of Psorothamnus scoparius (A. Gray) Rydb., J. Essent. Oil Res., 2003, 15, 2, 108-111, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2003.9712083 . [all data]

Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003
Özcan, M.; Tzakou, O.; Couladis, M., Essential oil composition of Turkish herbal tea (Salvia aucheri Bentham var. canescens Boiss. Heldr.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 4, 325-327, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1229 . [all data]

Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002
Buchin, S.; Salmon, J.-C.; Carnat, A.-P.; Berger, T.; Bugaud, C.; Bosset, J.O., Identification de composés monoterpéniques, sesquiterpéniques et benzéniques dans un lait d'alpage très riche en ces substances, Mitt. Lebensmittelunters. Hyg., 2002, 93, 199-216. [all data]

Palá-Paúl, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2002
Palá-Paúl, J.; Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J.; Sanz, J., Essential oil composition of the aerial parts of Cachrys sicula L., Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 1, 64-68, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1042 . [all data]

Rajeswara Rao, Kaul, et al., 2002
Rajeswara Rao, B.R.; Kaul, P.N.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Ramesh, S., Water soluble fractions of rose scented geranium (Pelargonium species) essential oil, Bioresour. Technol., 2002, 84, 3, 243-246, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00057-3 . [all data]

Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2002
Salido, S.; Altarejos, J.; Nogueras, M.; Sánchez, A.; Pannecouque, C.; Witvrouw, M.; De Clercq, E., Chemical studies of essential oils of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. badia, J. Ethnopharmacol., 2002, 81, 1, 129-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00045-4 . [all data]

Gudzic, Dordevic, et al., 2001
Gudzic, B.; Dordevic, S.; Palic, R.; Stojanovic, G., Essential oils of Hypericum olympicum L. and Hypericum perforatum L., Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 3, 201-203, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.978 . [all data]

Jain, Aggarwal, et al., 2001
Jain, N.; Aggarwal, K.K.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Srivastava, S.K.; Kumar, S., Essential oil composition of geranium (Pelargonium sp.) from the plains of Northern India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 1, 44-46, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200101/02)16:1<44::AID-FFJ943>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Kitic, Palic, et al., 2001
Kitic, D.; Palic, R.; Ristic, M.; Sojanovic, G.; Jovanovic, T., The volatile constituents of Calamintha sylvatica Bromf. subsp. sylvatica, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 4, 257-258, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.995 . [all data]

Tzakou and Couladis, 2001
Tzakou, O.; Couladis, M., The essential oil of Micromeria graeca (L.) Bentham et Reichenb. growing in Greece, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 2, 107-109, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.955 . [all data]

Adams, 2000
Adams, R.P., Systematics of Juniperus section Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 6, 515-528, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00089-7 . [all data]

Adams, 2000, 2
Adams, R.P., The serrate leaf margined Juniperus (Section Sabina) of the western hemisphere: systematics and evolution based on leaf essential oils and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 10, 975-989, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00022-3 . [all data]

Kardali, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2000
Kardali, M.; Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M., Essential Oil Constituents of Sideritis ibanyezii Pau, Botanica Complutensis, 2000, 24, 101-106. [all data]

Rao, Kaul, et al., 2000
Rao, B.R.R.; Kaul, P.N.; Mallavarapu, G.R.; Ramesh, S., First observation of little leaf disease and its impact on the yield and composition of the essential oil of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium sp.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 3, 137-140, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200005/06)15:3<137::AID-FFJ880>3.0.CO;2-A . [all data]

Rao, Rout, et al., 2000
Rao, Y.R.; Rout, P.K.; Jena, K.S.; Sahu, S.B., Composition of essential oil of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt) grown in coastal Orissa, Fafai J., 2000, 2, 4, 29-31. [all data]

Rao, Sastry, et al., 2000
Rao, B.R.R.; Sastry, K.P.; Saleem, S.M.; Rao, E.V.S.P.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Ramesh, S., Volatile flower oils of three genotypes of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium sp.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 2, 105-107, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200003/04)15:2<105::AID-FFJ875>3.0.CO;2-G . [all data]

Tzakou, Harvala, et al., 2000
Tzakou, O.; Harvala, C.; Galati, E.M.; Sanogo, R., Essential oil composition of Nepeta argolica Borey et Chaub. subsp. argolica, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 2, 115-118, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200003/04)15:2<115::AID-FFJ877>3.0.CO;2-9 . [all data]

Adams, 1999
Adams, R.P., Systematics of multi-seeded eastern hemisphere Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and RAPD DNA fingerprinting, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 1999, 27, 7, 709-725, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00016-2 . [all data]

Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999
Siani, A.C.; Ramos, M.F.S.; Menezes-de-Lima, O., Jr.; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, R.; Fernadez-Ferreira, E.; Soares, R.O.A.; Rosas, E.C.; Susunaga, G.S.; Guimarães, A.C.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Henriques, M.G.M.O., Evaluation of anti-inflammatory-related activity of essential oils from the leaves and resin of species of Protium, J. Ethnopharmacol., 1999, 66, 1, 57-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00148-2 . [all data]

da Silva, Andrade, et al., 1999
da Silva, M.H.L.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Luz, A.I.R.; da Silva, J.D.; Maia, J.G.S., The essential oils of Lantana camara L. occurring in North Brazil, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 4, 208-210, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199907/08)14:4<208::AID-FFJ811>3.0.CO;2-F . [all data]

da Silva, Zoghbi, et al., 1999
da Silva, M.H.L.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Maia, J.G.S., The essential oils of Peperomia pellucida Kunth and P. circinnata link var. circinnata, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 5, 312-314, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199909/10)14:5<312::AID-FFJ835>3.0.CO;2-B . [all data]

Kaul and Vats, 1998
Kaul, V.K.; Vats, S.K., Essential oil composition of Bothriochloa pertusa and phyletic relationship in aromatic grasses, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 1998, 26, 3, 347-356, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00103-8 . [all data]

Kulkarni, Mallavarapu, et al., 1998
Kulkarni, R.N.; Mallavarapu, G.R.; Baskaran, K.; Ramesch, S.; Kumar, S., Composition of the essential oils of two isomenthone-rich variants of geranium (Pelargonium sp.), Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 6, 389-392, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199811/12)13:6<389::AID-FFJ757>3.0.CO;2-2 . [all data]

Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1998
Senatore, F.; Urrunaga Soria, E.; Urrunaga Soria, R.; Porta, G.D.; de Feo, V., Essential oil from two peruvian Satureja species, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 1, 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199801/02)13:1<1::AID-FFJ672>3.0.CO;2-4 . [all data]

Senatore, 1998
Senatore, F., Volatile constituents of Minthostachys setosa (Briq.) Epl. (Lamiaceae) from Peru, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 4, 263-265, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(1998070)13:4<263::AID-FFJ738>3.0.CO;2-H . [all data]

Zoghbi, Andrade, et al., 1998
Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Santos, A.S.; Silva, M.H.L.; Maia, J.G.S., Essential oils of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br growing wild in the Brazilian Amazon, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 1, 47-48, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199801/02)13:1<47::AID-FFJ690>3.0.CO;2-0 . [all data]

Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1997
Senatore, F.; Urrunaga Soria, E.; Urrunaga Soria, R.; Porta, G.D.; Taddeo, R.; de Feo, V., Essential oil of Eremocharis triradiata (Wolff.) Johnston (Apiaceae) growing wild in Perú, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 4, 257-259, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199707)12:4<257::AID-FFJ645>3.0.CO;2-4 . [all data]

Saad, El-Sharkawy, et al., 1995
Saad, H.-E.A.; El-Sharkawy, S.H.; Halim, A.F., Essential oils of Daucus carota ssp. maximus, Pharm. Acta Helv., 1995, 70, 1, 79-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-6865(94)00054-Y . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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