Longifolene

Formula: C₁₅H₂₄
Molecular weight: 204.3511
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-10-11-6-7-12-13(11)14(2,3)8-5-9-15(10,12)4/h11-13H,1,5-9H2,2-4H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PDSNLYSELAIEBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 475-20-7
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: 1,4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-9-methylene-, [1S-(1α,3aβ,4α,8aβ)]-; 1,4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-9-methylene-, (1S,3aR,4S,8aS)-(+)-; (+)-Longifolene; D-longifolene; Junipen; Junipene; Kuromatsuen; Kuromatsuene; Longifolen; 1,4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-9-methylene-; (+)-Longifolen; α-Longifolene; 1,4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-9-methylene-, (1S,3aR,4S,8aS)-; (1S,3aR,4S,8aS)-4,8,8-Trimethyl-9-methylenedecahydro-1,4-methanoazulene; 1,4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-9-methylene-, [1S-(1a`,3aa',4a`,8aa')]-; Longifolene (=Junipene); [1S-(1α,3aβ,4α,8aβ)]-decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-9-methylene-1,4-methanoazulene
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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	RTX-1	SPB-1	HP-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	30.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	250.	230.	250.	260.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	4.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)	5.		3.		2.
Final hold (min)	20.	30.	10.	5.
I	1404.	1411.	1402.	1402.	1408.
Reference	Cao, Li, et al., 2011	Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010	Escalona-Arranz, Perez-Roses, et al., 2010	Miyazawa, Kawauchi, et al., 2010	Ho, Wang, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	VF-5	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	DB-5	HP-5	ZB-1
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Nitrogen	Helium	Nitrogen
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	90.	40.	50.	45.
T_end (C)	300.	225.	230.	300.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	10.	3.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.
Final hold (min)	10.	3.		30.
I	1430.	1406.	1409.	1397.	1401.
Reference	Li and Zhao, 2009	Retta, Gattuso, et al., 2009	Scrivanti, Anton, et al., 2009	Isidorov, Lech, et al., 2008	Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2008
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP Sil 5 CB	HP-5MS	HP-5	DB-5MS	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	He	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	300.	280.	240.	240.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	5.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)			1.		8.
Final hold (min)			4.		15.
I	1409.	1403.	1402.	1405.	1400.
Reference	Baran, von Reuss, et al., 2007	Bozin B., Mlmica-Dukic N., et al., 2007	Cheraif, Ben Jannet, et al., 2007	Da Silva J.K.R., Sousa P.J.C., et al., 2007	Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SE-30	HP-5	HP-5	DB-5	DB-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He		He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	240.	250.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	5.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.	5.	3.
Final hold (min)	10.	10.	10.	10.	30.
I	1415.	1402.	1398.	1400.	1395.
Reference	Loizzo, Tundis, et al., 2007	Loizzo, Tundis, et al., 2007	Wenguang, Wenlai, et al., 2007	Havlik, Kokoska, et al., 2006	Maronigiu, Piras, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	SPB-5	HP-5	SPB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.		30.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32		0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25		0.25	1.
T_start (C)	50.	60.	50.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	280.	250.	250.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	5.	10.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.	0.5	3.	2.	5.
Final hold (min)		2.	15.	10.
I	1406.	1398.	1402.	1418.	1444.
Reference	Mirza, Navaei, et al., 2006	Ozel, Gogus, et al., 2006	Stojanovic, Palic, et al., 2006	Wang, Yang, et al., 2006	Cornu, Kondjoyan, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP Sil 8 CB	HP-1	DB-5MS	HP-5MS	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	50.	30.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	He		He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	80.	60.	60.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	200.	250.	280.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	3.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)	5.	60.	30.	10.
Final hold (min)	5.			5.
I	1437.	1416.	1386.	1410.	1393.
Reference	Facey, Porter, et al., 2005	Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005	Marongiu, Piras, et al., 2005	Melkani, Dev, et al., 2005	Rasooli and Owlia, 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-5	HP-5MS	RTX-1	DB-1
Column length (m)	50.	30.	30.	30.	60.
Carrier gas		N2	He	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	240.	230.	275.	300.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	4.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	1388.	1404.	1400.	1409.	1393.
Reference	Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2005	González, Guerra, et al., 2004	Hajhashemi V., Ghannadi A., et al., 2004	Lis, Boczek, et al., 2004	Rasooli and Razzaghi Abyaneh, 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-1	DB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	ZB-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.33	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	60.	45.
T_end (C)	260.	240.	275.	280.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.
Final hold (min)	20.
I	1380.	1397.	1401.	1387.	1401.
Reference	Senatore, Napolitano, et al., 2004	Tellez, Khan, et al., 2004	Ghannadi, Aghazari, et al., 2003	Ghasemi, Asghari, et al., 2003	Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-5MS	DB-5	HP-1	CP Sil 5 CB
Column length (m)	60.	30.	30.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	50.	40.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	280.	250.	280.	300.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	15.	2.	4.	6.
Initial hold (min)		2.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)		10.	60.
I	1434.	1408.	1398.	1388.	1398.
Reference	Ahmadi, Mirza, et al., 2002	Damon, Hernández, et al., 2002	Porta, Porcedda, et al., 1999	Stashenko, Cervantes, et al., 1998	Bos, Woerdenbag, et al., 1997
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	DB-1	OV-101	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	52.	60.
Carrier gas	He		He	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.26	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	65.	60.	70.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	300.	300.	270.	200.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	2.5	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.	5.	0.	0.1
Final hold (min)		5.		0.	5.
I	1413.	1396.0	1380.	1400.	1401.
Reference	Elias, Simoneit, et al., 1997	Gawdzik, Mardarowicz, et al., 1996	Tirado, Stashenko, et al., 1995	Tkachenko and Zenkevich, 1993	Binder and Flath, 1989
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SE-30	SE-30	OV-3
Column length (m)	30.	30.	150.
Carrier gas			He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)			0.66
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	50.	50.	20.
T_end (C)	240.	240.	170.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	1.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.
Final hold (min)	10.	10.	120.
I	1398.	1398.	1420.
Reference	Ramaswami, Briscese, et al., 1988	Ramaswami, Briscese, et al., 1986	Buttery and Ling, 1985
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Cao, Li, et al., 2011
Cao, H.; Li, Z.; Chen, X., QSRR study of GC retention indices of volatile compounds emitted from Mosla chinensis Maxim. by multiply linear regression, Chin. J. Chem., 2011, 29, 10, 2187-2196, https://doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201180379 . [all data]

Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010
Dib, M.ElA.; Djabou, N.; Desjobert, L.-M.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Muselli, A.; Costa, J., Characterization of volatile compounds of Daucus crinitus Desf. headspace solid phase microextraction as alternative technique to hydrodistillation, Chem, Centr. J., 2010, 4, 16, 1-15. [all data]

Escalona-Arranz, Perez-Roses, et al., 2010
Escalona-Arranz, J.C.; Perez-Roses, R.; Jimenez, I.L.; Rodriguez-Amado, J.; Argota-Coello, H.; Canizares-Lay, J.; Morris-Quevedo, H.J.; Sierra-Gonzales, G., Chemical constituents of Tamarindus indica L. leaves, Rev. Cubana Quim., 2010, 22, 3, 65-71. [all data]

Miyazawa, Kawauchi, et al., 2010
Miyazawa, M.; Kawauchi, Y.; Utsumi, Y.; Takahashi, T., Character impact odorants of wild edible plant - Cacalia hastata L. var. orientalis - used in Japanese traditional food, J. Oleo Sci., 2010, 59, 10, 527-533, https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.59.527 . [all data]

Ho, Wang, et al., 2009
Ho, C.-L.; Wang, E.I.-C.; Su, Y.-C., Essential oil compositions and bioactivities of the various parts of Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. var. linallolifera Fujuta, Journal title only in Chinese, 2009, 31, 2, 77-96. [all data]

Li and Zhao, 2009
Li, L.; Zhao, J., Determination of the volatile composition of Rhodobryum giganteum (Schwaegr.) Par. (Bryaceae) using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS), Molecules, 2009, 14, 6, 2195-2201, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14062195 . [all data]

Retta, Gattuso, et al., 2009
Retta, D.; Gattuso, M.; Gattuso, S.; Lira, P. Di Leo; van Baren, C.; Ferraro, G.; Bandoni A., Essential oil composition of Achyrocline flaccida (Weinm.) DC. (Asteraceae) from different locations of Argentina, Biochem. Systematics Ecol., 2009, 36, 12, 877-881, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2008.11.001 . [all data]

Scrivanti, Anton, et al., 2009
Scrivanti, L.R.; Anton, A.M.; Zygadlo, J.A., Essential oil conposition of Bothriochloa Kuntze (Poaceae) from South America and their chemotaxonomy, Biochem. Systematics Ecol., 2009, 37, 3, 206-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2009.03.009 . [all data]

Isidorov, Lech, et al., 2008
Isidorov, V.A.; Lech, P.; Zolciak, A.; Rusak, N.; Szczepaniak, L., Gas Chromatographic - nass spectrometric investigation of metabolites from the needles and roots of pine seedlings at early stages of pathogenic fungi Armillaria ostoyae attack, Trees, 2008, 22, 4, 531-542, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-008-0213-z . [all data]

Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2008
Mierendorff, H.-G.; Stahl-Biskup, E.; Posthumus, M.A.; van Beek, T.A., Composition of commercial Cape chamomile oil (Eriocephalus punctuatus / Eriocephalus tenuifolius), 2008, retrieved from http://www.chemische-analysen-hamburg.de/Publikationen?Cape_Chamomile_Oil/. [all data]

Baran, von Reuss, et al., 2007
Baran, S.; von Reuss, S.H.; König, W.A.; Kalemba, D., Composition of the essential oil of Abies koreana Wils., Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 1, 78-83, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1762 . [all data]

Bozin B., Mlmica-Dukic N., et al., 2007
Bozin B.; Mlmica-Dukic N.; Samojlik I.; Jovin E., Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of rosemary and sage (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L., lamiaceae) essential oils, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 19, 7879-7885, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0715323 . [all data]

Cheraif, Ben Jannet, et al., 2007
Cheraif, I.; Ben Jannet, H.; Hammami, M.; Khouja, M.L.; Mighri, Z., Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Cupressus arizonica Greene, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2007, 35, 12, 813-820, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2007.05.009 . [all data]

Da Silva J.K.R., Sousa P.J.C., et al., 2007
Da Silva J.K.R.; Sousa P.J.C.; Andrade E.H.A.; Maia JGS, Antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity of essential oil and methanol extract of Aniba canellia (HBK) Mez, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 23, 9422-9426, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071928e . [all data]

Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007
Ferhat, M.A.; Tigrine-Kordjani, N.; Chemat, S.; Meklati, B.Y.; Chemat, F., Rapid Extraction of Volatile Compounds Using a New Simultaneous Microwave Distillation: Solvent Extraction Device, Chromatographia, 2007, 65, 3-4, 217-222, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-006-0130-5 . [all data]

Loizzo, Tundis, et al., 2007
Loizzo, M.R.; Tundis, R.; Conforti, F.; Saab, A.M.; Statti, G.A.; Menichini, F., Comparative chemical composition, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activities of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus L. berry and wood oils from Lebanon, Food Chem., 2007, 105, 2, 572-578, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.04.015 . [all data]

Wenguang, Wenlai, et al., 2007
Wenguang, J.; Wenlai, F.; Yan, X.; Guangao, Z.; Jiming, L.; Ying, Y., Analysis of free terpenoids in four Vitis vinifera varietis using solvent assisted flavour evaporation and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, Chinese J. Chromatogr., 2007, 25, 6, 881-886, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2059(08)60006-1 . [all data]

Havlik, Kokoska, et al., 2006
Havlik, J.; Kokoska, L.; Vasickova, S.; Valterova, I., Chemical composition of essential oil from the seeds of Nigella arvensis L. and assessment of its actimicrobial activity, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 4, 713-717, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1713 . [all data]

Maronigiu, Piras, et al., 2006
Maronigiu, B.; Piras, A.; Porcedda, S.; Tuveri, E., Extraction of Santalum album and Boswellia carterii Birdw. volatile oil by supercritical carbon dioxide: influence of some process parameters, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 4, 718-724, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1718 . [all data]

Mirza, Navaei, et al., 2006
Mirza, M.; Navaei, M.N.; Dini, M., Volatile constituents of essential oils isolated from flowers and leaves of Eupatorium cannabinum L. from Iran, Iranian J. Pharmaceutical Res., 2006, 2, 149-152. [all data]

Ozel, Gogus, et al., 2006
Ozel, M.Z.; Gogus, F.; Lewis, A.C., Comparison of direct thermal desorption with water distillation and superheated water extraction for the analysis of volatile components of Rosa damascena Mill. using GCxGC-TOF/MS, Anal. Chim. Acta., 2006, 566, 2, 172-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.03.014 . [all data]

Stojanovic, Palic, et al., 2006
Stojanovic, G.; Palic, I.; Ursic-Jankovic, J., Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Micromeria cristata and Micromeria juliana, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 77-79, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1507 . [all data]

Wang, Yang, et al., 2006
Wang, Q.; Yang, Y.; Zhao, X.; Zhu, B.; Nan, P.; Zhao, J.; Wang, L.; Chen, F.; Liu, Z.; Zhong, Y., Chemical variation in the essential oil of Ephedra sinica from Northeastern China, Food Chem., 2006, 98, 1, 52-58, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.04.033 . [all data]

Cornu, Kondjoyan, et al., 2005
Cornu, A.; Kondjoyan, N.; Martin, B.; Verdier-Metz, I.; Pradel, P.; Berdague, J.-L.; Coulon, J.-B., Terpene profiles in Cantal and Saint-Nectairetype cheese made from raw or pasteurised milk, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2005, 85, 12, 2040-2046, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2214 . [all data]

Facey, Porter, et al., 2005
Facey, P.C.; Porter, R.B.R.; Reese, P.B.; Williams, L.A.D., Biological activity and chemical composition of the essential oil from Jamaican Hyptis verticillata Jacq., J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 12, 4774-4777, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050008y . [all data]

Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005
Fernandez, X.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Perichet, C.; Delbecque, C.; Arnaudo, J.-F., Chemical composition of the essential oils from Turkish and Honduras Styrax, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 70-73, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1370 . [all data]

Marongiu, Piras, et al., 2005
Marongiu, B.; Piras, A.; Porcedda, S.; Scorciapino, A., Chemical composition of the essential oil and supercritical CO₂ extract of Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. and of Acorus calamus L., J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 20, 7939-7943, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051100x . [all data]

Melkani, Dev, et al., 2005
Melkani, A.B.; Dev, V.; Beauchamp, P.S.; Negi, A.; Mehta, S.P.S.; Melkani, K.B., Constituents of the essential oil of a new chemotype of Elsholtzia strobilifera Benth., Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 4, 419-425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2004.10.009 . [all data]

Rasooli and Owlia, 2005
Rasooli, I.; Owlia, P., Chemoprevention by thyme oils of Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production, Phytochemistry, 2005, 66, 24, 2851-2856, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.09.029 . [all data]

Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2005
Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J.; Palá-Paúl, J.; Iñigo, A.; López, G., The volatile oil composition of the berries of Juniperus macrocarpa Sibth. and Sm., gathered in Spain, J. Essent. Oil Res., 2005, 17, 1, 61-63, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2005.9698831 . [all data]

González, Guerra, et al., 2004
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Hajhashemi V., Ghannadi A., et al., 2004
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Rasooli and Razzaghi Abyaneh, 2004
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Buttery and Ling, 1985
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Notes

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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