Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-7-methyl-4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1α,4aβ,8aα)-

Formula: C₁₅H₂₄
Molecular weight: 204.3511
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-10(2)13-8-6-12(4)14-7-5-11(3)9-15(13)14/h9-10,13-15H,4-8H2,1-3H3/t13-,14-,15-/m1/s1
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WRHGORWNJGOVQY-RBSFLKMASA-N
CAS Registry Number: 39029-41-9
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Stereoisomers:
Other names: γ-Cadinene; 1-Isopropyl-7-methyl-4-methylene-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydronaphthalene)-, (1R,4aS,8aS)-rel-; (1R,4aS,8aS)-1-Isopropyl-7-methyl-4-methylene-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydronaphthalene; (1S-(1α,4α,4α,6α,8β))-decahydro-4-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-naphthalene (γ-cadinene)
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Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Gas Chromatography
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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	DB-5MS	HP-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.26	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	246.	280.	250.	280.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	3.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)		8.	1.		5.
Final hold (min)		30.	20.	30.	25.
I	1513.	1511.	1534.	1480.	1514.
Reference	Adams, González Elizondo, et al., 2006	Hazzit, Baaliouamer, et al., 2006	Jalali-Heravi, Zekavat, et al., 2006	Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2006	Meccia G., Rosquete C., et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	BP-1	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	25.	25.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.32	0.26	0.26	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	246.	246.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	3.				10.
Final hold (min)		13.			5.
I	1517.	1512.	1514.	1513.	1512.
Reference	Mevy, Bessiere, et al., 2006	Raina, Verma, et al., 2006	Adams, Morris, et al., 2005	Adams and Nguyen, 2005	Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP Sil 5 CB	DB-5MS	CP Sil 8 CB	DB-1	DB-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	50.	25.
Carrier gas	H2	He	H2	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.15	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	60.	50.	95.	40.
T_end (C)	230.	240.	220.	240.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)			2.		5.
Final hold (min)					5.
I	1513.	1513.	1515.	1507.	1512.
Reference	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2004	Palmeira, Moura, et al., 2004	Schwob, Bessiere, et al., 2004	Velasco-Negueruela, Sanz, et al., 2004	Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	DB-5
Column length (m)	50.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	50.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	280.	280.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	4.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.
Final hold (min)	10.	10.
I	1530.	1524.	1493.	1491.	1514.
Reference	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003, 2	Couladis, Chinou, et al., 2003	Gkinis, Tzakou, et al., 2003	Lucero, Estell, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	CP Sil 5 CB	CP Sil 5 CB	HP-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	25.	25.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	H2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.15	0.15	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	50.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	240.	230.	230.	280.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	0.5
Initial hold (min)					5.
Final hold (min)	30.				10.
I	1496.	1506.	1506.	1502.	1512.
Reference	Marongiu, Piras, et al., 2003	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003, 2	Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003	Viña and Murillo, 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	SPB-1	HP-5	BP-1	BP-1
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.32	0.25	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	225.	200.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	4.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)		2.	1.
Final hold (min)		5.	15.		15.
I	1500.	1487.	1515.	1510.	1516.
Reference	El-Ghorab, Fadel, et al., 2002	Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2002	Juliani and Simon, 2002	Raina, Lal, et al., 2002	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Cross-Linked Methylsilicone	HP-5MS	HP-5	PTE-5	PTE-5
Column length (m)	50.	30.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	H2	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.39	0.39
T_start (C)	100.	50.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	250.	250.	285.	285.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	2.5	4.3	4.3
Initial hold (min)			5.
Final hold (min)
I	1512.	1513.	1511.	1515.	1518.
Reference	Rajeswara Rao, Kaul, et al., 2002	Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2002	Yáñez, Pinzón, et al., 2002	Gudzic, Dordevic, et al., 2001	Gudzic, Dordevic, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	HP-1	DB-1	DB-1	SE-54
Column length (m)	25.	50.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	He	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.55	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.26
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	100.	40.	80.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	250.	260.	225.	246.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	2.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)		7.	5.
Final hold (min)	15.		20.
I	1510.	1519.	1494.	1493.	1513.
Reference	Jain, Aggarwal, et al., 2001	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2001	Senatore and Rigano, 2001	Abella, Cortella, et al., 2000	Adams, 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	SE-54	DB-5	SE-30	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	25.	30.
Carrier gas	He		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.26	0.26	0.26	0.22	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	70.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	246.	246.	220.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	5.	2.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	1513.	1513.	1513.	1503.	1512.
Reference	Adams, 2000, 2	Adams, 2000, 3	Adams, 2000, 4	Kardali, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2000	Rao, Rout, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5MS	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.26	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.33	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	70.	40.
T_end (C)	280.	246.	260.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)			5.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)			20.		20.
I	1513.	1513.	1530.	1507.	1531.
Reference	Roussis, Tsoukatou, et al., 2000	Adams, 1999	Senatore and de Feo, 1999	Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999	de Feo, Porta, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-1	SPB-1	DB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.23	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	60.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	200.	250.	250.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	5.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.		2.	5.
Final hold (min)	20.		5.	20.
I	1501.	1512.	1508.	1509.	1513.
Reference	Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1998	Fiorini, Fourasté, et al., 1997	Jayaprakasha, Jaganmohan Rao, et al., 1997	Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1997	Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	DB-5	OV-101
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	100.
Carrier gas				H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)				0.3
Phase thickness (μm)				0.15
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	90.
T_end (C)	210.	210.	210.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.	2.
Final hold (min)	120.	120.	120.
I	1508.	1515.	1515.	1497.
Reference	Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995	Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995	Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995	Gaydou, Randriamiharisoa, et al., 1986
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Adams, González Elizondo, et al., 2006
Adams, R.P.; González Elizondo, M.S.; González Elizondo, M.; Slinkman, E., DNA fingerprinting and terpenoid analysis of Juniperus blancoi var. huehuentensis (Cupressaceae), a new subalpine variety from Durango, Mexico, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2006, 34, 3, 205-211, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2005.11.004 . [all data]

Hazzit, Baaliouamer, et al., 2006
Hazzit, M.; Baaliouamer, A.; Faleiro, M.L.; Miguel, M.G., Composition of the Essential Oils of Thymus and Origanum Species from Algeria and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 17, 6314-6321, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0606104 . [all data]

Jalali-Heravi, Zekavat, et al., 2006
Jalali-Heravi, M.; Zekavat, B.; Sereshti, H., Characterization of essential oil components of Iranian geranium oil using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with chemometric resolution techniques, J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1114, 1, 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.02.034 . [all data]

Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2006
Marongiu, B.; Porcedda, S.; Piras, A.; Sanna, G.; Murreddu, M.; Loddo, R., Extraction of Juniperus communis L. ssp. nana Willd. essential oil by supercritical carbon dioxide, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 148-154, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1549 . [all data]

Meccia G., Rosquete C., et al., 2006
Meccia G.; Rosquete C.; Rojas L.B.; San Felician A., New labdane derivative from the essential oil of Acalypha plicata Mull.Arg., Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 559-561, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1679 . [all data]

Mevy, Bessiere, et al., 2006
Mevy, J.P.; Bessiere, J.M.; Rabier, J.; Dherbomez, M.; Ruzzier, M.; Millogo, J.; Viano, J., Composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq., Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 80-83, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1511 . [all data]

Raina, Verma, et al., 2006
Raina, V.K.; Verma, S.C.; Dhawan, S.; Khan, M.; Ramesh, S.; Singh, S.C.; Yadav, A.; Srivastava, S.K., Essential oil composition of Murraya exotica from the plains of northern India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 140-142, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1547 . [all data]

Adams, Morris, et al., 2005
Adams, R.P.; Morris, J.A.; Pandey, R.N.; Schwarzbach, A.E., Cryptic speciation between Juniperus deltoides and Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) in the Mediterranean, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 8, 771-787, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2005.01.001 . [all data]

Adams and Nguyen, 2005
Adams, R.P.; Nguyen, S., Infra-specific variation in Juniperus deppeana and F. Sperryi in the Davis Mountains of Texas: variation in leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAS (RAPDS), Phytologia, 2005, 87, 2, 96-108. [all data]

Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005
Asuming, W.A.; Beauchamp, P.S.; Descalzo, J.T.; Dev, B.C.; Dev, V.; Frost, S.; Ma, C.W., Essential oil composition of four Lomatium Raf. species and their chemotaxonomy, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 1, 17-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2004.06.005 . [all data]

Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2004
Ogunwande, I.A.; Olawore, N.O.; Adeleke, K.A.; Ekundayo, O.; König, W.A., Rare terpenoid esters from Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf. growing wild in Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 3, 239-243, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1295 . [all data]

Palmeira, Moura, et al., 2004
Palmeira, S.F., Jr.; Moura, F.S.; Alves, V.L.; de Oliveira, F.M.; Bento, E.S.; Conserva, L.M.; Andrade, E.H.A., Neutral components from hexane extracts of Croton sellowii, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 1, 69-71, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1298 . [all data]

Schwob, Bessiere, et al., 2004
Schwob, I.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Masotti, V.; Viano, J., Changes in essential oil composition in Saint John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) aerial parts during its phenological cycle, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2004, 32, 8, 735-745, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2003.12.005 . [all data]

Velasco-Negueruela, Sanz, et al., 2004
Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Sanz, J.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J.; Palá-Paúl, J., The volatile components of the aerial parts of Melittis melissophyllum L. subsp. melissophyllum gathered in Spain, Botanica Complutensis, 2004, 28, 133-136. [all data]

Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003
Amparo Blázquez, M.; Pérez, I.; Boira, H., Essential oil analysis of Teucrium libanitis and T. turredanum by GC and GC-MS, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 497-501, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1256 . [all data]

Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003
Baranauskiene, R.; Venskutonis, R.P.; Demyttenaere, J.C.R., Sensory and instrumental evaluation of catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) aroma, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 13, 3840-3848, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf021187b . [all data]

Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003, 2
Baranauskiene, R.; Venskutonis, P.R.; Viskelis, P.; Dambrauskiene, E., Influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 26, 7751-7758, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0303316 . [all data]

Couladis, Chinou, et al., 2003
Couladis, M.; Chinou, I.B.; Tzakou, O.; Petrakis, P.V., Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Hypericum rumeliacum subsp. apollinis (Boiss. Heldr.), Phytother. Res., 2003, 17, 2, 152-154, https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1093 . [all data]

Gkinis, Tzakou, et al., 2003
Gkinis, G.; Tzakou, O.; Iliopoulou, D.; Roussis, V., Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Nepeta parnassica Oils and Isolated Nepetalactones, Z. Naturforsch. C:, 2003, 58, 681-686. [all data]

Lucero, Estell, et al., 2003
Lucero, M.E.; Estell, R.E.; Frederickson, E.L., The essential oil composition of Psorothamnus scoparius (A. Gray) Rydb., J. Essent. Oil Res., 2003, 15, 2, 108-111, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2003.9712083 . [all data]

Marongiu, Piras, et al., 2003
Marongiu, B.; Piras, A.; Pani, F.; Porcedda, S.; Ballero, M., Extraction, separation and isolation of essential oils from natural matrices by supercritical CO₂, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 505-509, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1258 . [all data]

Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003
Ogunwande, I.A.; Olawore, N.O.; Adeleke, K.A.; Ekundayo, O.; Koenig, W.A., Chemical composition of the leaf volatile oil of Psidium guajava L. growing in Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 2, 136-138, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1175 . [all data]

Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003, 2
Ogunwande, I.A.; Olawore, N.O.; Kasali, A.A.; König, W.A., Chemical composition of the leaf volatile oils of Callitris intratropica R.T. Baker H.G. Smith from Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 387-389, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1214 . [all data]

Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003
Özcan, M.; Tzakou, O.; Couladis, M., Essential oil composition of Turkish herbal tea (Salvia aucheri Bentham var. canescens Boiss. Heldr.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 4, 325-327, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1229 . [all data]

Viña and Murillo, 2003
Viña, A.; Murillo, E., Essential oil composition from twelve varieties of basil (Ocimum spp) grown in Columbia, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2003, 14, 5, 744-749, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532003000500008 . [all data]

El-Ghorab, Fadel, et al., 2002
El-Ghorab, A.H.; Fadel, H.M.; El-Massry, K.F., The Egyptian Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. brevirostris: chemical compositions of the fruit volatile oil and antioxidant activity, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 4, 306-312, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1085 . [all data]

Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2002
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Rao, L.J.; Sakariah, K.K., Chemical composition of volatile oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum buds, Z. Naturforsch. C:, 2002, 57c, 990-993, retrieved from http://www.znaturforsch.com/57c/s57c0990.pdf. [all data]

Juliani and Simon, 2002
Juliani, H.R.; Simon, J.E., Antioxidant acitivity of basil in Trends in new crops and new uses, Janick,J.; Whipkey,A., ed(s)., ASHA Press, Alexandria, Va, 2002, 575-579. [all data]

Raina, Lal, et al., 2002
Raina, V.K.; Lal, R.K.; Tripathi, S.; Khan, M.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Srivastava, S.K., Erratum. Essential oil composition of genetically diverse stocks of Murraya koenigii from India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 5, 404, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1139 . [all data]

Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002
Raina, V.K.; Srivastava, S.K.; Syamasunder, K.V., The essential oil of 'greater galangal' [Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.] from the lower Himalayan region of India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 5, 358-360, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1105 . [all data]

Rajeswara Rao, Kaul, et al., 2002
Rajeswara Rao, B.R.; Kaul, P.N.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Ramesh, S., Water soluble fractions of rose scented geranium (Pelargonium species) essential oil, Bioresour. Technol., 2002, 84, 3, 243-246, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00057-3 . [all data]

Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2002
Salido, S.; Altarejos, J.; Nogueras, M.; Sánchez, A.; Pannecouque, C.; Witvrouw, M.; De Clercq, E., Chemical studies of essential oils of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. badia, J. Ethnopharmacol., 2002, 81, 1, 129-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00045-4 . [all data]

Yáñez, Pinzón, et al., 2002
Yáñez, X.; Pinzón, M.L.; Solano, F.; Sánchez, L.R., Chemical composition of the essential oil of Psidium caudatum McVaugh, Molecules, 2002, 7, 9, 712-716, https://doi.org/10.3390/70900712 . [all data]

Gudzic, Dordevic, et al., 2001
Gudzic, B.; Dordevic, S.; Palic, R.; Stojanovic, G., Essential oils of Hypericum olympicum L. and Hypericum perforatum L., Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 3, 201-203, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.978 . [all data]

Jain, Aggarwal, et al., 2001
Jain, N.; Aggarwal, K.K.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Srivastava, S.K.; Kumar, S., Essential oil composition of geranium (Pelargonium sp.) from the plains of Northern India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 1, 44-46, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200101/02)16:1<44::AID-FFJ943>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2001
Raina, V.K.; Srivastava, S.K.; Aggarwal, K.K.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Kumar, S., Essential oil composition of Syzygium aromaticum leaf from Little Andaman, India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 5, 334-336, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1005 . [all data]

Senatore and Rigano, 2001
Senatore, F.; Rigano, D., Essential oil of two Lippia spp. (Verbenaceae) growing wild in Guatemala, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 3, 169-171, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.972 . [all data]

Abella, Cortella, et al., 2000
Abella, L.; Cortella, A.R.; Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J., Ethnobotany, volatile oils and secretion tissues of Werneria poposa from Argentina, Pharm. Biol., 2000, 38, 3, 197-203, https://doi.org/10.1076/1388-0209(200007)3831-SFT197 . [all data]

Adams, 2000
Adams, R.P., Systematics of smooth leaf margin Juniperus of the western hemisphere based on leaf essential oils and RAPD DNA fingerprinting, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 2, 149-162, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00047-2 . [all data]

Adams, 2000, 2
Adams, R.P., Systematics of Juniperus section Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 6, 515-528, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00089-7 . [all data]

Adams, 2000, 3
Adams, R.P., Systematics of the one seeded Juniperus of the eastern hemisphere based on leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 6, 529-543, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00096-4 . [all data]

Adams, 2000, 4
Adams, R.P., The serrate leaf margined Juniperus (Section Sabina) of the western hemisphere: systematics and evolution based on leaf essential oils and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 10, 975-989, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00022-3 . [all data]

Kardali, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2000
Kardali, M.; Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M., Essential Oil Constituents of Sideritis ibanyezii Pau, Botanica Complutensis, 2000, 24, 101-106. [all data]

Rao, Rout, et al., 2000
Rao, Y.R.; Rout, P.K.; Jena, K.S.; Sahu, S.B., Composition of essential oil of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt) grown in coastal Orissa, Fafai J., 2000, 2, 4, 29-31. [all data]

Roussis, Tsoukatou, et al., 2000
Roussis, V.; Tsoukatou, M.; Petrakis, P.V.; Chinou, I.; Skoula, M.; Harborne, J.B., Volatile constituents of four Helichrysum species growing in Greece, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 2, 163-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00046-0 . [all data]

Adams, 1999
Adams, R.P., Systematics of multi-seeded eastern hemisphere Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and RAPD DNA fingerprinting, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 1999, 27, 7, 709-725, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00016-2 . [all data]

Senatore and de Feo, 1999
Senatore, F.; de Feo, V., Chemical composition of the essential oil from Tagetes mandonii Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae), Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 32-34, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<32::AID-FFJ772>3.0.CO;2-7 . [all data]

Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999
Siani, A.C.; Ramos, M.F.S.; Menezes-de-Lima, O., Jr.; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, R.; Fernadez-Ferreira, E.; Soares, R.O.A.; Rosas, E.C.; Susunaga, G.S.; Guimarães, A.C.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Henriques, M.G.M.O., Evaluation of anti-inflammatory-related activity of essential oils from the leaves and resin of species of Protium, J. Ethnopharmacol., 1999, 66, 1, 57-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00148-2 . [all data]

de Feo, Porta, et al., 1998
de Feo, V.; Porta, G.D.; Urrunaga Soria, E.; Urrunaga Soria, R.; Senatore, F., Composition of the essential oil of Tagetes filifolia Lag., Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 3, 145-147, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199805/06)13:3<145::AID-FFJ707>3.0.CO;2-Q . [all data]

Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1998
Senatore, F.; Urrunaga Soria, E.; Urrunaga Soria, R.; Porta, G.D.; de Feo, V., Essential oil from two peruvian Satureja species, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 1, 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199801/02)13:1<1::AID-FFJ672>3.0.CO;2-4 . [all data]

Fiorini, Fourasté, et al., 1997
Fiorini, C.; Fourasté, I.; David, B.; Bessière, J.M., Composition of the flower, leaf, and stem essential oils from Laurus nobilis L., Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 2, 91-93, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199703)12:2<91::AID-FFJ623>3.0.CO;2-3 . [all data]

Jayaprakasha, Jaganmohan Rao, et al., 1997
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Jaganmohan Rao, L.; Sakariah, K.K., Chemical composition of the volatile oil from the fruits of Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 5, 331-333, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199709/10)12:5<331::AID-FFJ663>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1997
Senatore, F.; Urrunaga Soria, E.; Urrunaga Soria, R.; Porta, G.D.; Taddeo, R.; de Feo, V., Essential oil of Eremocharis triradiata (Wolff.) Johnston (Apiaceae) growing wild in Perú, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 4, 257-259, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199707)12:4<257::AID-FFJ645>3.0.CO;2-4 . [all data]

Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997
Tellez, M.R.; Estell, R.E.; Fredrickson, E.L.; Havstad, K.M., Essential oil of Dyssodia acerosa DC., J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 8, 3276-3278, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9701502 . [all data]

Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995
Loayza, I.; Abujder, D.; Aranda, R.; Jakupovic, J.; Collin, G.; Deslauriers, H.; Jean, F.-I., Essential oils of Baccharis salicifolia, B. latifolia and B. dracunculifolia, Phytochemistry, 1995, 38, 2, 381-389, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00628-7 . [all data]

Gaydou, Randriamiharisoa, et al., 1986
Gaydou, E.M.; Randriamiharisoa, R.; Bianchini, J.-P., Composition of the essential oil of ylang-ylang (Canaga odorata Hook Fil. et Thomson forma genuina) from Madagascar, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1986, 34, 3, 481-487, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00069a028 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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