cis-β-Farnesene

Formula: C₁₅H₂₄
Molecular weight: 204.3511
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-6-14(4)10-8-12-15(5)11-7-9-13(2)3/h6,9,12H,1,4,7-8,10-11H2,2-3,5H3/b15-12-
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: JSNRRGGBADWTMC-QINSGFPZSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 28973-97-9
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Stereoisomers:
Other names: 1,6,10-Dodecatriene, 7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-, (Z)-; (Z)-β-Farnesene; (6Z)-7,11-Dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene; β-cis-Farnesene; β-(Z)-Farnesene
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Gas Chromatography
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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-1	HP-5 MS	ZB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Nitrogen	Helium	Helium	Helium	Nitrogen
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	60.	50.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	220.	250.	240.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	1.	2.	8.		1.
Final hold (min)	10.	2.	15.	1.	10.
I	1446.	1452.	1457.	1419.	1447.
Reference	Mirjalili, Salehi, et al., 2010	Xu, Tang, et al., 2010	Farhat, Ginies, et al., 2009	Gardini, Beletti, et al., 2009	Rahimi-Nasrabadi, Gholivand, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	HP-5 MS	CP Sil 5 CB	DB-5	HP-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	N2	Helium	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.33
T_start (C)	50.	50.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	240.	300.	220.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	9.	3.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	3.
Final hold (min)	3.
I	1445.	1476.	1446.	1445.	1445.
Reference	Aicha, Ines, et al., 2008	Sarikurkcu, Tepe, et al., 2008	Baran, von Reuss, et al., 2007	Morteza-Semnani, Saeedi, et al., 2007	Oliveira, Leitão, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	HP-5	DB-1	RTX-1	CP Sil 5 CB
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He		He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	320.	300.	250.	300.	300.
Heat rate (K/min)	10.	5.	5.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)		5.			4.
Final hold (min)	4.	5.	10.
I	1442.	1433.	1449.	1447.	1463.
Reference	Smelcerovic, Spiteller, et al., 2007	Figuérédo, Cabassu, et al., 2006	Hadian, Sonboli, et al., 2006	Kula, Izydorczyk, et al., 2006	Kurowska and Galazka, 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-1	HP-5	SPB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	50.	30.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	He	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.3
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	1.	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	95.	60.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	240.	220.	230.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	5.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)			10.	5.
Final hold (min)				2.
I	1446.	1453.	1441.	1480.	1445.
Reference	Morteza-Semnani, Akbarzadeh, et al., 2006	Pala-Paul J., Perez-Alonso M.J., et al., 2006	Pintore G., Chessa M., et al., 2006	Tornambe, Cornu, et al., 2006	Chagonda and Chalchat, 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP Sil 5 CB	RSL-200	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	280.	220.	220.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	6.	4.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)		2.	5.	4.
Final hold (min)	10.	10.
I	1450.	1441.	1443.	1445.	1442.
Reference	Jassbi, Mehrdad, et al., 2005	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005	Morteza-Semnani, Akbarzadeh, et al., 2005	Morteza-Semnani and Saeedi, 2005	Sajjadi S.E. and Eskandari B., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	PE-5	RTX-5	SPB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	H2		He	Nitrogen
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	1.	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	230.	220.	200.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	5.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)		2.
Final hold (min)		4.		30.
I	1442.	1455.	1442.	1456.	1441.
Reference	Sefidkon and Jamzad, 2005	Singh, Raina, et al., 2005	Szafranek, Chrapkowska, et al., 2005	Gauvin, Ravaomanarivo, et al., 2004	JAvidnia, Mojab, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	ZB-5	RTX-1	DB-5	DB-5	DB-1
Column length (m)	60.	30.	30.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	He	N2	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	260.	300.	300.	210.	270.
Heat rate (K/min)	6.	4.	3.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	4.6			2.
Final hold (min)	1.			33.
I	1464.	1448.	1438.	1445.	1445.
Reference	Jürgens and Dötterl, 2004	Kalemba and Thiem, 2004	Limberger, Sobral, et al., 2004	Lopez Arze, Collin, et al., 2004	Nik, Mirza, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-5	HP-5	DB-1	DB-1
Column length (m)	50.	30.	25.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	H2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.52
T_start (C)	70.	40.	40.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	220.	250.	240.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	4.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)		5.
Final hold (min)		20.
I	1441.	1446.	1443.	1440.	1440.
Reference	Palá-Paúl, García-Jiménez, et al., 2004	Senatore, Rigano, et al., 2004	Simic, Sokovic, et al., 2004	Dabiri and Sefidkon, 2003	Dabiri and Sefidkon, 2003, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	HP-5MS	RSL-200	CP Sil 5 CB	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	25.	50.
Carrier gas	He	He	H2		N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.39	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	60.	95.
T_end (C)	275.	275.	280.	220.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	6.	5.	4.
Initial hold (min)			5.
Final hold (min)			5.
I	1447.	1446.	1448.	1448.	1448.
Reference	Ghannadi and Zolfaghari, 2003	Hajhashemi, Ghannadi, et al., 2003	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2003	Mazloomifar, Saber-Tehrani, et al., 2003	Perez-Alonso, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Methyl Silicone	DB-1	HP-5	HP-5	DB-5
Column length (m)		60.	25.	25.	30.
Carrier gas	He	N2	Helium	Helium	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)		0.25	0.32	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.53	0.53	0.25
T_start (C)	35.	70.	40.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	180.	230.	280.	280.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)		2.
Final hold (min)		20.
I	1462.	1451.	1440.	1443.	1442.
Reference	Santos and Cordeiro, 2003	Tu, Onishi, et al., 2003	Velickovic, Ristic, et al., 2003	Velickovic, Ristic, et al., 2003	Zoghbi, Andrade, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-5	DB-1	DB-1	Optima-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	H2	He	N2	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	35.	80.	95.	50.
T_end (C)	245.	280.	225.	240.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	20.	2.			3.
Final hold (min)		15.
I	1436.	1461.	1428.	1428.	1444.
Reference	Gancel, Ollé, et al., 2002	Krauze-Baranowska, Mardarowicz, et al., 2002	Palá-Paúl, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2002	Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2002	Jacquemond-Collet, Bessière, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-1	HP-5 MS	SPB-1	CP Sil 5 CB
Column length (m)	60.	30.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	Helium	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.2	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.4
T_start (C)	50.	60.	50.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	270.	240.	250.	250.	260.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	5.	2.	5.
Initial hold (min)			2.		40.
Final hold (min)			5.
I	1440.	1430.5	1428.	1446.	1444.
Reference	Mirza, Ahmadi, et al., 2001	Santos, Moreira, et al., 2001	Shang, Hu, et al., 2001	Vijayanand, Rao, et al., 2001	Baser, Özek, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SPB-1	RTX-1	Ultra-2	DB-1	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	N2		He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.2	0.25		0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	80.	60.	32.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	300.	300.	250.	220.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	4.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	3.		5.
Final hold (min)
I	1444.	1448.	1441.	1449.	1443.
Reference	Fraternale, Giamperi, et al., 2000	Kalemba, 1999	Khalilov L.M., Khalilova A.Z., et al., 1999	Sefidkon and Mirza, 1999	Zoghbi, Andrade, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	240.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.5
Initial hold (min)			5.
Final hold (min)
I	1458.	1450.	1474.
Reference	El-Sakhawy, El-Tantawy, et al., 1998	Abreu and Noronha, 1997	Stashenko, Puertas, et al., 1996
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Mirjalili, Salehi, et al., 2010
Mirjalili, M.H.; Salehi, P.; Sonboli, A.; HAdian, J.; Ebrahimi, S.N.; Yousefzadi, M., The composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Levisticum officinale Koch flowers and fruits at different developmental stages, J. Serb. Chem. Soc., 2010, 75, 12, 1661-1669, https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC100524126M . [all data]

Xu, Tang, et al., 2010
Xu, X.; Tang, Z.; Liang, Y., Comparative analysis of plant essential oils by GC-MS coupled with integrated chemometric resolution methods, Anal. Methods, 2010, 2, 4, 359-367, https://doi.org/10.1039/b9ay00213h . [all data]

Farhat, Ginies, et al., 2009
Farhat, A.; Ginies, C.; Romdhane, M.; Chemat, F., Eco-friendly and cleaner process for isolation of essential oil usung microwave energy. Experimantal and theoretical study., J. Chromatogr. A., 2009, 1216, 26, 5077-5085, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.084 . [all data]

Gardini, Beletti, et al., 2009
Gardini, F.; Beletti, N.; Ndagikimana, M.; Guerzoni, M.E.; Tchoumbougnang, F.; Zollo, P.H.A.; Micci, C.; Lanciotti, R.; Kamdem, S.L.S., Composition of four essential oils obtained from plants from Cameroon, and their bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity against Listeria Monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis and Staphyllococcus aureus, African J. Microbiol. Res., 2009, 3, 5, 264-271. [all data]

Rahimi-Nasrabadi, Gholivand, et al., 2009
Rahimi-Nasrabadi, M.; Gholivand, M.B.; Batooli, H.; Vatanara, A., Chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves and flowering aerial parts of Psammogeton canscens (DC). Vake from Iran, J. Medicinal Plants, 2009, 8, 31, 82-86. [all data]

Aicha, Ines, et al., 2008
Aicha, N.; Ines, S.; Mohamed, B.S.; Ines, B.; Soumaya, K.; Kamel, G.; Mohamed, N.; Imed, C.; Mohamed, H.; Leila, C.-G., Chemical composition, mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of essential oils from (Tunisian) Artemisia campestris and Artemisia herba-alba, J. Ess. Oil Res., 2008, 20, 5, 471-477. [all data]

Sarikurkcu, Tepe, et al., 2008
Sarikurkcu, C.; Tepe, B.; Daferera, D.; Polissiou, M.; Harmandar, M., Studies on the anioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of Marrubium globosum subsp. globosum (lamiaceae) by three different chemical assays, Bioresource Technol., 2008, 99, 10, 4239-4246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.08.058 . [all data]

Baran, von Reuss, et al., 2007
Baran, S.; von Reuss, S.H.; König, W.A.; Kalemba, D., Composition of the essential oil of Abies koreana Wils., Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 1, 78-83, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1762 . [all data]

Morteza-Semnani, Saeedi, et al., 2007
Morteza-Semnani, K.; Saeedi, M.; Akbarzadeh, M., Essential oil composition of Teucrium scordium L., Acta Pharm., 2007, 57, 4, 499-504, https://doi.org/10.2478/v10007-007-0040-6 . [all data]

Oliveira, Leitão, et al., 2007
Oliveira, D.R.; Leitão, G.G.; Bizzo, H.R.; Lopes, D.; Alviano, D.S.; Alviano, C.S.; Leitão, S.G., Chemical and antimicrobial analyses of essential oil of Lippia origanoides H.B.K, Food Chem., 2007, 101, 1, 236-240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.022 . [all data]

Smelcerovic, Spiteller, et al., 2007
Smelcerovic, A.; Spiteller, M.; Ligon, A.P.; Smelcerovic, Z.; Raabe, N., Essential oil composition of Hypericum L. species from Southeastern Serbia and their chemotaxonomy, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2007, 35, 2, 99-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2006.09.012 . [all data]

Figuérédo, Cabassu, et al., 2006
Figuérédo, G.; Cabassu, P.; Chalchat, J.-C.; Pasquier, B., Studies of Mediterranean oregano populations. VIII. Chemical composition of essential oils of oreganos of various origins, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 134-139, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1543 . [all data]

Hadian, Sonboli, et al., 2006
Hadian, J.; Sonboli, A.; Ebrahimi, S.N.; Mirjalili, M.H., Essential oil composition of Nepeta satureioides from Iran, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2006, 42, 2, 175-177, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-006-0071-0 . [all data]

Kula, Izydorczyk, et al., 2006
Kula, J.; Izydorczyk, K.; Czajkowska, A.; Bonikowski, R., Chemical composition of carrot umbel oils from Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus cultivated in Poland, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 4, 667-669, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1646 . [all data]

Kurowska and Galazka, 2006
Kurowska, A.; Galazka, I., Essential oil composition of the parsley seed of cultivars marketed in Poland, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 143-147, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1548 . [all data]

Morteza-Semnani, Akbarzadeh, et al., 2006
Morteza-Semnani, K.; Akbarzadeh, M.; Changizi, S., Essential oils composition of Stachys byzantina, S. inflata, S. lavandulifolia and S. laxa from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 2, 300-303, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1594 . [all data]

Pala-Paul J., Perez-Alonso M.J., et al., 2006
Pala-Paul J.; Perez-Alonso M.J.; Velasco-Negueruela A.; Ballesteros M.T.; Sanz J., Essential oil composition of Sideritis hirsuta L. from Guadalajara Province, Spain, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 410-415, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1727 . [all data]

Pintore G., Chessa M., et al., 2006
Pintore G.; Chessa M.; Manconi P.; Zanetti S.; Deriu A.; Tirillini B., Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of stachys glutinosa L. from Sardinia, Natural Product Communications, 2006, 1, 12, 1133-1136. [all data]

Tornambe, Cornu, et al., 2006
Tornambe, G.; Cornu, A.; Pradel, P.; Kondjoyan, N.; Carnat, A.P.; Petit, M.; Martin, B., Changes in Terpene Content in Milk from Pasture-Fed Cows, J. Dairy Sci., 2006, 89, 6, 2309-2319, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72302-5 . [all data]

Chagonda and Chalchat, 2005
Chagonda, L.S.; Chalchat, J.-C., The essential oil of wild and cultivated Hoslundia opposita Vahl. from Zimbabwe, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 2, 193-195, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1402 . [all data]

Jassbi, Mehrdad, et al., 2005
Jassbi, A.R.; Mehrdad, M.; Soleimani, M.; Mirzaeian, M.; Sonboli, A., Chemical composition of the essential oils of Bunium elegans and Bunium caroides, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, 41, 4, 415-417, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0165-0 . [all data]

Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005
Jirovetz, L.; Buchbauer, G.; Stoyanova, A.; Georgiev, E.V.; Damianova, S.T., Composition, quality control and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of cumin (Cuminum cyminumL.) seeds from Bulgaria that had been stored for up to 36 years, Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 2005, 40, 3, 305-310, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.00915.x . [all data]

Morteza-Semnani, Akbarzadeh, et al., 2005
Morteza-Semnani, K.; Akbarzadeh, M.; Rostami, B., The essential oil composition of Teucrium chamaedrys L. from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 5, 544-546, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1479 . [all data]

Morteza-Semnani and Saeedi, 2005
Morteza-Semnani, K.; Saeedi, M., The essential oil composition of Phlomis bruguieri Desf. from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 3, 344-346, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1459 . [all data]

Sajjadi S.E. and Eskandari B., 2005
Sajjadi S.E.; Eskandari B., Chemical constituents of the essential oil of Nepeta oxyodonta, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, 41, 2, 175-177, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0106-y . [all data]

Sefidkon and Jamzad, 2005
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Singh, Raina, et al., 2005
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Jürgens and Dötterl, 2004
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Dabiri and Sefidkon, 2003
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Dabiri and Sefidkon, 2003, 2
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Ghannadi and Zolfaghari, 2003
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Hajhashemi, Ghannadi, et al., 2003
Hajhashemi, V.; Ghannadi, A.; Sharif, B., Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the leaf extracts and essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia Mill., J. Ethnopharmacol., 2003, 89, 1, 67-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00234-4 . [all data]

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Mazloomifar, Saber-Tehrani, et al., 2003
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Santos and Cordeiro, 2003
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Tu, Onishi, et al., 2003
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Velickovic, Ristic, et al., 2003
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Zoghbi, Andrade, et al., 2003
Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Andrade, E.H.A.; da Silva, M.H.; Carreira, L.M.M.; Maia, J.G.S., Essential oils from three Myrcia species, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 421-424, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1242 . [all data]

Gancel, Ollé, et al., 2002
Gancel, A.-L.; Ollé, D.; Ollitrault, P.; Luro, F.; Brillouet, J.-M., Leaf and peel volatile compounds of an interspecific citrus somatic hybrid [Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing. + Citrus paradisi Macfayden], Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 6, 416-424, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1119 . [all data]

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Palá-Paúl, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2002
Palá-Paúl, J.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J.; Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Sanz, J., Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the volatile components of Ageratina adenophora Spreng., growing in the Canary Islands, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 947, 2, 327-331, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00016-X . [all data]

Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2002
Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M.J.; de Paz, P.L.P.; Vallejo, C.G.; Palá-Paúl, J.; Iñigo, A., Chemical composition of the essential oils from the roots, fruits, leaves and stems of Pimpinella cumbrae link growing in the Canary Islands (Spain), Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 6, 468-471, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1131 . [all data]

Jacquemond-Collet, Bessière, et al., 2001
Jacquemond-Collet, I.; Bessière, J.-M.; Hannedouche, S.; Bertrand, C.; Fourasté, I.; Moulis, C., Identification of the alkaloids of Galipea officinalis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Phytochem. Anal., 2001, 12, 5, 312-319, https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.594 . [all data]

Mirza, Ahmadi, et al., 2001
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Shang, Hu, et al., 2001
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Vijayanand, Rao, et al., 2001
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Baser, Özek, et al., 2000
Baser, K.H.C.; Özek, T.; Demirci, B.; Kürkcüoglu, M.; Aytac, Z.; Duman, H., Composition of the essential oils of Zosima absinthifolia (Vent.) Link and Ferula elaeochytris Korovin from Turkey, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 6, 371-372, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200011/12)15:6<371::AID-FFJ919>3.0.CO;2-Z . [all data]

Fraternale, Giamperi, et al., 2000
Fraternale, D.; Giamperi, L.; Ricci, D.; Manunta, A., Composition of the essential oil of Peucedanum verticillare, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 2, 143-147, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00049-6 . [all data]

Kalemba, 1999
Kalemba, D., Constituents of the essential oil of Artemisia asiatica Nakai, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 3, 173-176, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199905/06)14:3<173::AID-FFJ805>3.0.CO;2-Q . [all data]

Khalilov L.M., Khalilova A.Z., et al., 1999
Khalilov L.M.; Khalilova A.Z.; Odinokov V.N.; Baltaev U.A.; Paramonov E.A.; Dzhemilev U.M., Identification and biological activity of the volatile organic substances emitted by plants and insects - II. Sesquiterpene composition of the native scent of leaves of the potato Solanum tuberosum, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 1999, 35, 4, 422-426, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02282508 . [all data]

Sefidkon and Mirza, 1999
Sefidkon, F.; Mirza, M., Chemical composition of the essential oils of two Salvia species from Iran, Salvia virgata Jacq. and Salvia syriaca L., Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 45-46, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<45::AID-FFJ774>3.0.CO;2-S . [all data]

Zoghbi, Andrade, et al., 1999
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El-Sakhawy, El-Tantawy, et al., 1998
El-Sakhawy, F.S.; El-Tantawy, M.E.; Ross, S.A.; El-Sohly, M.A., Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Murraya exotica L., Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 1, 59-62, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199801/02)13:1<59::AID-FFJ693>3.0.CO;2-L . [all data]

Abreu and Noronha, 1997
Abreu, P.M.; Noronha, R.G., Volatile constituents of the rhizomes of Aframomum alboviolaceum (Ridley) K. Schum. from Guinea-Bissau, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 2, 79-83, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199703)12:2<79::AID-FFJ617>3.0.CO;2-7 . [all data]

Stashenko, Puertas, et al., 1996
Stashenko, E.E.; Puertas, M.A.; Combariza, M.Y., Volatile secondary metabolites from Spilanthes americana obtained by simultaneous steam distillation--solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction, J. Chromatogr. A, 1996, 752, 1-2, 223-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(96)00480-3 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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