Potassium ion (1+)

• Formula: K⁺
• Molecular weight: 39.0978
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/K/q+1 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 24203-36-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
• Other names: Potassium cation
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data (reactions 1 to 50)
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 100, reactions 101 to 145
  • Ion clustering data
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + H₂O = (K⁺ • H₂O)

Free energy of reaction

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (K⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 3H₂O)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + Ar = (K⁺ • Ar)

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (K⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 4H₂O)

Free energy of reaction

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 2H₂O)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + CH₅N = (K⁺ • CH₅N)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₃H₉N = (K⁺ • C₃H₉N)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (K⁺ • C₆H₆ • H₂O) + C₆H₆ = (K⁺ • 2C₆H₆ • H₂O)

( • 2 • ) +  = ( • 3 • )

By formula: (K⁺ • 2H₂O • C₆H₆) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 3H₂O • C₆H₆)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₂H₆O = (K⁺ • C₂H₆O)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (K⁺ • H₂O • C₆H₆) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 2H₂O • C₆H₆)

( •  • 2) +  = ( • 2 • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • H₂O • 2C₆H₆) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 2H₂O • 2C₆H₆)

( •  • 2) +  = ( • 2 • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • C₆H₆ • 2H₂O) + C₆H₆ = (K⁺ • 2C₆H₆ • 2H₂O)

( • 2) +  = ( •  • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • 2C₆H₆) + H₂O = (K⁺ • H₂O • 2C₆H₆)

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (K⁺ • C₆H₆) + H₂O = (K⁺ • H₂O • C₆H₆)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₄H₁₀O₂ = (K⁺ • C₄H₁₀O₂)

Bond type: Polydentate bonding in non-hydrogen-bonded positive ions

( • 2) +  = ( •  • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • 2H₂O) + C₆H₆ = (K⁺ • C₆H₆ • 2H₂O)

( • 3) +  = ( •  • 3)

By formula: (K⁺ • 3H₂O) + C₆H₆ = (K⁺ • C₆H₆ • 3H₂O)

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (K⁺ • H₂O) + C₆H₆ = (K⁺ • C₆H₆ • H₂O)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + H₃N = (K⁺ • H₃N)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + Kr = (K⁺ • Kr)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + Ne = (K⁺ • Ne)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + He = (K⁺ • He)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + Xe = (K⁺ • Xe)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + BrK = (K⁺ • BrK)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + CO₂ = (K⁺ • CO₂)

Free energy of reaction

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • H₂) + H₂ = (K⁺ • 2H₂)

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (K⁺ • 2C₂H₈N₂) + C₂H₈N₂ = (K⁺ • 3C₂H₈N₂)

Bond type: Polydentate bonding in non-hydrogen-bonded positive ions

( • 2) +  = ( •  • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • 2H₂O) + CH₄O = (K⁺ • CH₄O • 2H₂O)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • C₂H₈N₂) + C₂H₈N₂ = (K⁺ • 2C₂H₈N₂)

Bond type: Polydentate bonding in non-hydrogen-bonded positive ions

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (K⁺ • 2C₃H₆O) + C₃H₆O = (K⁺ • 3C₃H₆O)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + H₂ = (K⁺ • H₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₂H₈N₂ = (K⁺ • C₂H₈N₂)

Bond type: Polydentate bonding in non-hydrogen-bonded positive ions

( • 4) +  = ( • 5)

By formula: (K⁺ • 4C₂H₆OS) + C₂H₆OS = (K⁺ • 5C₂H₆OS)

( • 5) +  = ( • 6)

By formula: (K⁺ • 5C₂H₆OS) + C₂H₆OS = (K⁺ • 6C₂H₆OS)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • C₆H₆) + C₆H₆ = (K⁺ • 2C₆H₆)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + CH₄O = (K⁺ • CH₄O)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₅H₅N = (K⁺ • C₅H₅N)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₆H₆ = (K⁺ • C₆H₆)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₄H₉NO = (K⁺ • C₄H₉NO)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₃H₆O = (K⁺ • C₃H₆O)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₂H₆OS = (K⁺ • C₂H₆OS)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₃H₇NO = (K⁺ • C₃H₇NO)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (K⁺ • H₂O • CH₄O) + H₂O = (K⁺ • 2H₂O • CH₄O)

( • 2 • ) +  = ( • 3 • )

By formula: (K⁺ • 2CH₄O • H₂O) + CH₄O = (K⁺ • 3CH₄O • H₂O)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (K⁺ • CH₄O • H₂O) + CH₄O = (K⁺ • 2CH₄O • H₂O)

( • 2) +  = ( •  • 2)

By formula: (K⁺ • 2CH₄O) + H₂O = (K⁺ • H₂O • 2CH₄O)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + ClK = (K⁺ • ClK)

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (K⁺ • CH₄O) + H₂O = (K⁺ • H₂O • CH₄O)

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (K⁺ • H₂O) + CH₄O = (K⁺ • CH₄O • H₂O)

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Davidson and Kebarle, 1976
Davidson, W.R.; Kebarle, P., Ionic Solvation by Aprotic Solvents. Gas Phase Solvation of the Alkali Ions by Acetonitrile, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 20, 6125, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00436a010 . [all data]

Blades, Jayaweera, et al., 1990
Blades, A.T.; Jayaweera, P.; Ikonomou, M.G.; Kebarle, P., Studies of Alkaline - Earth and Transition - Metal M++ Gas - Phase Ion Chemistry, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 92, 10, 5900, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458360 . [all data]

Burdett and Hayhurst, 1982
Burdett, N.A.; Hayhurst, A.N., Hydration of gas phase ions and the measurement of boundary layer cooling during flame sampling into a mass spectrometer., J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1982, 78, 2997. [all data]

Searles and Kebarle, 1969
Searles, S.K.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of the Potassium Ion in the Gas Phase: Enthalpies and Entropies of Hydration Reactions K+(H2O)n-1 + H2O = K+(H2O)n for n=1 to n=6, Can. J. Chem., 1969, 47, 14, 2619, https://doi.org/10.1139/v69-432 . [all data]

Chupka, 1959
Chupka, W.A., Dissociation Energies of Some Gaseous Halide Complex Ions and the Hydrated Ion K(H2O)+, J. Chem. Phys., 1959, 40, 2, 458, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1729974 . [all data]

Blades, Klassen, et al., 1996
Blades, A.T.; Klassen, J.S.; Kebarle, P., Determination of Ion-Solvent Equilibria in the Gas Phase. Hydration of Diprotonated Diamines and Bis(trimethylammonium) Alkanes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 49, 12437, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja962641t . [all data]

Davidson and Kebarle, 1976, 2
Davidson, W.R.; Kebarle, P., Binding Energies and Stabilities of Potassium Ion Complexes from Studies of Gas Phase Ion Equilibria K+ + M = K+.M, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 20, 6133, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00436a011 . [all data]

Sunner, Nishizawa, et al., 1981
Sunner, J.; Nishizawa, K.; Kebarle, P., Ion - Solvent Molecule Interactions in the Gas Phase. Potassium Ion and Benzene, J. Phys. Chem., 1981, 85, 13, 1814, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150613a011 . [all data]

Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000
Rodgers, M.T.; Armentrout, P.B., Noncovalent Metal-Ligand Bond Energies as Studied by Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 2000, 19, 4, 215, https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2787(200007)19:4<215::AID-MAS2>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Davidson and Kebarle, 1976, 3
Davidson, W.R.; Kebarle, P., Binding Energies and Stabilities of Potassium Ion Complexes with Ethylene Diamine and Dimethoxyethane (Glyme) from Measurements of the Complexing Equilibria in the Gas Phase, Can. J. Chem., 1976, 54, 16, 2594, https://doi.org/10.1139/v76-368 . [all data]

Castleman, 1978
Castleman, A.W., The Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase: Ammonia about Bi+, Rb+, and K+, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 53, 3, 560, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(78)80069-4 . [all data]

Gatland, 1984
Gatland, I.R., Swarms of Ions and Electrons in Gases, W. Lindinger, T. D. Mark and F. Howorka, eds. (Springer, New York, 1984, 1984, 44. [all data]

Gislason, 1984
Gislason, E.A., Quoted in I. R. Gatland in Swarms of Ions and Electrons in Gases, W. Lindinger, T. D. Mark and F. Howorka, eds. (Springer, New York, 1984, 1984, 44. [all data]

Viehland, 1984
Viehland, L.A., Interaction Potentials for Li+ - Rare - Gas Systems, Chem. Phys., 1984, 78, 2, 279, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(83)85114-3 . [all data]

Takebe, 1983
Takebe, M., The Generalized Mobility Curve for Alkali Ions in Rare Gases: Clustering Reactions and Mobility Curves, J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 78, 12, 7223, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.444763 . [all data]

Robson and Kumar, 1973
Robson, R.E.; Kumar, K., Mobility and Diffusion II. Dependence on Experimental Variables and Interaction Potential for Alkali Ions in Rare Gases, Aust. J. Phys., 1973, 26, 2, 187, https://doi.org/10.1071/PH730187 . [all data]

Kudin, Gusarov, et al., 1973
Kudin, L.S.; Gusarov, A.V.; Gorokhov, L.N., Mass Spectrometer Study of Equilibria Involving Ions. 1. Potassium Bromide and Sulfate, High Temp., 1973, 11, 50. [all data]

Castleman and Keesee, 1981
Castleman, A.W.; Keesee, R.G., Electron and Ion Swarms, Proc. Second Int. Swarm Seminar, L. G. Christoforou, ed. (Pergamon Press, New York), 1981, 189-201. [all data]

Keller and Beyer, 1971
Keller, G.E.; Beyer, R.A., Drift Tube Studies of Carbon Dioxide Clustering to Potassium and Sodium Ions, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 1971, 16, 214. [all data]

Bushnell, Kemper, et al., 1994
Bushnell, J.E.; Kemper, P.R.; Bowers, M.T., Na+/K+(H2)1,2 clusters: experiment, J. Phys. Chem., 1994, 98, 8, 2044, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100059a011 . [all data]

Evans and Keesee, 1991
Evans, D.H.; Keesee, R.G., Thermodynamics of Gas-Phase Mixed-Solvent Cluster Ions - Water and Methanol on K+ and Cl- and Comparison to Liquid Solutions, J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95, 9, 3558, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100162a024 . [all data]

Sunner, 1984
Sunner, J. Kebarle, Ion - Solvent Molecule Interactions in the Gas Phase. The Potassium Ion and Me2SO, DMA, DMF, and Acetone, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 21, 6135, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00333a002 . [all data]

Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995
Blades, A.T.; Klassen, J.S.; Kebarle, P., Free Energies of Hydration in the Gas Phase on the Anions of Some Oxo Acids of C, N, S, P, Cl and I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 42, 10563, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00147a019 . [all data]

Amicangelo and Armentrout, 2000
Amicangelo, J.C.; Armentrout, P.B., Absolute Binding Energies of Alkali-Metal Cation Complexes with Benzene Determined by Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation Experiments and Ab Initio Theory, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2000, 104, 48, 11420, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp002652f . [all data]

Amunugama and Rodgers, 2000
Amunugama, R.; Rodgers, M.T., Absolute Alkali Metal Ion Binding Affinities of Several Azines Determined by Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation and Ab Initio Theory, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2000, 195/196, 439, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-3806(99)00145-1 . [all data]

Klassen, Anderson, et al., 1996
Klassen, J.S.; Anderson, S.G.; Blades, A.T.; Kebarle, P., Reaction Enthalpies for M+L = M+ + L, Where M+ = Na+ and K+ and L = Acetamide, N-Methylacetamide, N,N-Dimethylacetamide, Glycine, and Glycylglycine, from Determinations of the Collision-Induced Dissociation Thresholds, J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 33, 14218, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9608382 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  S°gas,1 bar	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
  T	Temperature
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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