Sulfate
- Formula: O4S-2
- Molecular weight: 96.064
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/H2O4S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H2,1,2,3,4)/p-2
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L
- CAS Registry Number: 14808-79-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
+ 12
= H24O16S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 12H2O = H24O16S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 44.8 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; B |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 20. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; B |
( • 10
) +
= (
• 11
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 10H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 11H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 21. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 9
) +
= (
• 10
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 9H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 10H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 23. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 5
) +
= (
• 6
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 5H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 6H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 36. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 6
) +
= (
• 7
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 6H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 7H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 31. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 7
) +
= (
• 8
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 7H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 8H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 28. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 8
) +
= (
• 9
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 8H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 9H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 25. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
+ 13
= H26O17S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 13H2O = H26O17S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 21. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 14
= H28O18S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 14H2O = H28O18S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 21. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 15
= H30O19S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 15H2O = H30O19S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 19. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 16
= H32O20S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 16H2O = H32O20S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 18. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 17
= H34O21S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 17H2O = H34O21S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 18. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 18
= H36O22S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 18H2O = H36O22S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 16. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 19
= H38O23S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 19H2O = H38O23S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 15. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 6
= H12O10S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 6H2O = H12O10S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 35.6 ± 1.3 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; B |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
+ 6
= H12O10S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 6H2O = H12O10S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 35.6 ± 1.3 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; B |
+ 12
= H24O16S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 12H2O = H24O16S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 44.8 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; B |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 20. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; B |
+ 13
= H26O17S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 13H2O = H26O17S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 21. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 14
= H28O18S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 14H2O = H28O18S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 21. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 15
= H30O19S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 15H2O = H30O19S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 19. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 16
= H32O20S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 16H2O = H32O20S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 18. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 17
= H34O21S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 17H2O = H34O21S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 18. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 18
= H36O22S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 18H2O = H36O22S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 16. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
+ 19
= H38O23S-2
By formula: O4S-2 + 19H2O = H38O23S-2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 15. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Blades and Kebarle, 2005 | gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B |
( • 5
) +
= (
• 6
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 5H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 6H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 36. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 6
) +
= (
• 7
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 6H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 7H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 31. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 7
) +
= (
• 8
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 7H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 8H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 28. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 8
) +
= (
• 9
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 8H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 9H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 25. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 9
) +
= (
• 10
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 9H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 10H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 23. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
( • 10
) +
= (
• 11
)
By formula: (O4S-2 • 10H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 11H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 21. | kJ/mol | ES/HPMS | Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995 | gas phase; M |
References
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Blades and Kebarle, 2005
Blades, A.T.; Kebarle, P.,
Sequential hydration energies of the sulfate ion, from determinations of the equilibrium constants for the gas-phase reactions: SO4(H2O)(n)(2-) = SO4(H2O)(n-1)(2-)+H2O,
J. Phys. Chem. A, 2005, 109, 37, 8293-8298, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0540353
. [all data]
Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995
Blades, A.T.; Klassen, J.S.; Kebarle, P.,
Free Energies of Hydration in the Gas Phase on the Anions of Some Oxo Acids of C, N, S, P, Cl and I,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 42, 10563, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00147a019
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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