Limonene

Formula: C₁₀H₁₆
Molecular weight: 136.2340
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4,10H,1,5-7H2,2-3H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 138-86-3
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Species with the same structure:
- Limonene
Stereoisomers:
- D-Limonene
- Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (S)-
Other names: Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-; p-Mentha-1,8-diene; α-Limonene; Cajeputen; Cajeputene; Cinen; Cinene; Dipenten; Dipentene; Eulimen; Kautschin; Limonen; Nesol; p-Mentha-1,8(9)-diene; δ-1,8-Terpodiene; p-Mentha-1,8-diene, dl-; Acintene DP dipentene; Di-p-mentha-1,8-diene; DL-Limonene; Inactive limonene; 1-Methyl-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene; 1,8(9)-p-Menthadiene; 4-Isopropenyl-1-methyl-1-cyclohexene; Acintene DP; Dipanol; UN 2052; Unitene; 4-Isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene; 1,8-p-Menthadiene; 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene; 1-Methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohexene; (.+/-.)-Limonene; Achilles dipentene; 1-methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene; 1-methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-ene; Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethynyl); Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (.+/-.)-; (.+/-.)-Dipentene; (.+/-.)-α-Limonene; Flavor orange; Goldflush II; NSC 21446; Orange flavor; PC 560; D-Limonene; (+)-limonene; (+)-(4R)-limonene; ( R/ S)-limonene; (R)-(+)-Limonene; (R)-Limonene; (±)-limonene; Limonene [4R-(+), 4S-(-)]; δ-Limonene; 1-Limonene; 1-methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene (limonene); (S)-(-)-Limonene; Limonene+; Dipentene limonene
Information on this page:
Other data available:
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- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-Wax	Innowax	BP-20	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	60.	30.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	250.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	8.	2.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)		1.		1.	1.
Final hold (min)	5.	2.75	20.	5.	5.
I	1195.	1197.	1200.	1212.	1193.
Reference	Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012	Siristova, Prinosilova, et al., 2012	Yapi, Boti, et al., 2012	Feng, Cui, et al., 2011	Feng, Zhuang, et al., 2011
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Innowax	DB-Wax	DB-FFAP	FFAP	CP-Wax 52 CB
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium		Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	40.	50.	45.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	240.	250.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	4.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.		4.	1.
Final hold (min)	10.	5.	5.	5.
I	1203.	1244.	1188.	1184.	1212.
Reference	Menichini, Tundis, et al., 2011	Niponsak, Laohakunjit, et al., 2011	Osorio, Carriazo, et al., 2011	Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 2011	Tsai, Huang, et al., 2011
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	RTX-Wax	BP-20	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	30.	60.		15.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Nitrogen	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22		0.25	0.20
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25		0.25	0.20
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	40.	70.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	200.	260.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	5.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.
Final hold (min)	4.5	30.		5.	15.
I	1236.	1190.	1192.	1192.	1204.
Reference	Zeng, Xie, et al., 2011	Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010	Mishra, Chaudhary, et al., 2010	Miyazawa, Kawauchi, et al., 2010	Neves, Rosa, et al., 2010
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	Supelcowax	DB-Wax	RTX-Wax	BP-20
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	Helium	Nitrogen	Hydrogen	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.35	0.25	0.22	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	80.	60.	30.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	230.	230.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	8.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)			5.
Final hold (min)	2.	40.	10.	30.	20.
I	1220.	1206.	1194.	1180.	1199.
Reference	Vahirua-Lechat, Mitermite, et al., 2010	Gauvin-Bialecki and Marodon, 2009	Karlsson, Birgersson, et al., 2009	Museli, Pau, et al., 2009	Ottavioli, Bighelli, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	DB-Wax	HP-Innowax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Nitrogen	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.52	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	35.	30.	30.
T_end (C)	250.	220.	205.	200.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	6.	3.	3.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)	1.	2.	10.	4.	4.
Final hold (min)	4.	70.	10.	30.	30.
I	1200.	1202.	1203.	1187.	1188.
Reference	Seo, Kim, et al., 2009	Shimizu, Imayoshi, et al., 2009	Wannes, Mhamdi, et al., 2009	Beck, Higbee, et al., 2008	Beck, Higbee, et al., 2008
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Innowax	HP-FFAP	HP-Innowax	HP Innowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.20	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.20	0.50	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	40.	45.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	240.	120.	190.	260.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	15.	3.	4.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)	10.	3.	2.		1.
Final hold (min)	19.	5.	50.		4.
I	1202.	1194.	1200.	1201.	1218.
Reference	Charoensiddhi and Anprung, 2008	Guzman-Geronimo, Lopez, et al., 2008	Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008	Capetanos, Saroglou, et al., 2007	Cheraif, Ben Jannet, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax 52CB	Stabilwax	Carbowax	Carbowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	Helium	He	He	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.2	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	60.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	240.	250.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)		5.	8.	8.	5.
Final hold (min)		10.	15.	15.
I	1210.	1186.	1206.	1201.	1203.
Reference	Chyau, Tsai, et al., 2007	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007	Ferhat, Meklati, et al., 2007	Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007	Formisano, Rigano, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Wax	PEG-20M	HP-Innowax	CP-Wax 52CB	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	N2	He	He	He	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.40
T_start (C)	50.	90.	60.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	225.	240.	220.	260.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	2.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)				1.
Final hold (min)	10.	15.	20.	2.	40.
I	1196.	1217.	1202.	1203.	1203.
Reference	Fredj, Marzouk, et al., 2007	Gil A., Van Baren C.M., et al., 2007	Hachicha, Skanji, et al., 2007	Hymete, Rohloff, et al., 2007	Kafkas and Paydas, 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	TC-FFAP	TC-FFAP	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)			30.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	70.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	230.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)	30.	30.			15.
I	1210.	1209.	1187.	1191.	1207.
Reference	Kurose, Okamura, et al., 2007	Kurose, Okamura, et al., 2007	Limberger, Scopel, et al., 2007	Pala-Paul, Brophy, et al., 2007	Pinto, Salgueiro, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax 52CB	CP-Wax 52CB	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.5	0.5	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	50.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	250.	180.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	2.	5.	2.
Initial hold (min)	8.	8.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.			33.
I	1200.	1195.	1203.	1212.	1201.
Reference	Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007	Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007	Raal, Orav, et al., 2007	Singh, Kumar, et al., 2007	Sylvestre, Longtin, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Innowax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas		He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	60.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	180.	230.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	3.	4.	9.
Initial hold (min)		5.	8.	2.	3.
Final hold (min)	33.	10.	80.	5.	3.
I	1200.	1200.	1178.	1219.	1205.
Reference	Sylvestre, Pichette, et al., 2007	Vichi, Riu-Aumatell, et al., 2007	Wei A. and Shibamoto T., 2007	Xu, Fan, et al., 2007	Abdelwahed, Hayder, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	DB-Wax	BP-20	BP-20	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	50.	60.
Carrier gas	N2	Helium	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.22	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	50.	40.	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	280.	250.	220.	220.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	9.	3.	2.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	3.				2.
Final hold (min)	3.	20.	20.	20.	20.
I	1218.	1188.	1200.	1202.	1193.
Reference	Abdelwahed, Hayder, et al., 2006	Berlinet, Brat, et al., 2006	Boti, Muselli, et al., 2006	Boti, Yao, et al., 2006	Cai, Lin, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax 10	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	BP-20	BP-20
Column length (m)	30.	60.	60.	50.	50.
Carrier gas	Helium	He	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	70.	70.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	230.	230.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)		2.	2.
Final hold (min)	15.	20.	20.	20.	20.
I	1206.	1235.	1209.	1199.	1199.
Reference	Cavaleiro, Pinto, et al., 2006	Choi H.S., 2006	Choi, 2006	Fanciullino, Tomi, et al., 2006	Fanciullino, Tomi, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-20M	CP-Wax 52CB	FFAP	DB-Wax	BP-20
Column length (m)	50.	30.	20.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	He	He	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.1	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	90.	70.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	250.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.3	6.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)		7.		2.
Final hold (min)	30.	3.		20.	20.
I	1168.	1186.	1211.	1215.	1202.
Reference	Filippi, Lanfranchi, et al., 2006	Hymete, Rohloff, et al., 2006	Kitchlu, Bakshi, et al., 2006	Lan Phi N.T., Nishiyama C., et al., 2006	Lesueur, Ban, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax	HP-Wax	HP-20M	HP-20M	DB-Innowax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	50.	60.
Carrier gas	N2	Nitrogen	N2	He	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	50.	50.	70.	60.
T_end (C)	200.	280.	250.	180.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	5.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)				4.
Final hold (min)		5.	10.	15.	20.
I	1210.	1198.	1198.	1183.	1206.
Reference	Martin, Joseph, et al., 2006	Marzouk, Mansour, et al., 2006	Marzouk, Neffati, et al., 2006	Mastelic, Jerkovic, et al., 2006	Mendivil, Rodrigues, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	NB-20M	DB-Wax	Carbowax-PEG	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	30.	60.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He		Helium	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.20	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	70.	60.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	250.	230.	250.	220.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)		2.	8.	1.	1.
Final hold (min)		20.	15.	10.	10.
I	1192.	1213.	1201.	1194.	1190.
Reference	Orav, Raal, et al., 2006	Sawamura, Onishi, et al., 2006	Tigrine-Kordiani, Meklati, et al., 2006	Wong, Lim, et al., 2006	Wong, Sivasothy, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Innowax	HP-20M	DB-Wax	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	60.	50.	50.	30.	50.
Carrier gas	N2	He	Helium	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.2	0.20	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.5	0.20	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	70.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	190.	250.	250.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	10.	2.	4.	5.	2.
Initial hold (min)	2.		4.		60.
Final hold (min)	15.	60.	10.	10.
I	1190.	1195.	1183.	1186.	1182.
Reference	Babu and Kaul, 2005	Bendimerad and Bendiab, 2005	Bezic, Skocibusic, et al., 2005	Fakhari A.R., Sonboli A., et al., 2005	Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Innowax	Carbowax 20M	Supelcowax	Stabilwax	Stabilwax
Column length (m)	30.	50.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	Helium	He	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.17	0.25	0.2	0.5	0.5
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	210.	190.	230.	280.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	4.	6.	6.
Initial hold (min)	3.	2.	30.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)	15.	30.		5.	5.
I	1207.	1167.	1184.	1183.	1184.
Reference	Ferretti, Maggi, et al., 2005	de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005	Gauvin and Smadja, 2005	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	HP-20M	TC-FFAP	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	50.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	Helium	He	N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.20	0.4	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	70.	60.	70.	70.
T_end (C)	240.	180.	220.	230.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	4.	3.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)		4.		2.	2.
Final hold (min)	30.	10.	30.	20.	20.
I	1209.	1179.	1210.	1231.	1231.
Reference	Joichi, Yomogida, et al., 2005	Kulisic, Radonic, et al., 2005	Kurose and Yatagai, 2005	Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005	Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Stabilwax DA	DB-Wax	CP-Wax 52CB	CP-Wax 52CB	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.5	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	35.	40.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	180.	220.	220.	220.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	4.	4.	2.
Initial hold (min)	5.		1.	1.	2.
Final hold (min)					33.
I	1190.	1191.	1196.	1196.	1184.
Reference	Nogueira, Lubachevsky, et al., 2005	Palá-Paúl, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2005	Rohloff and Bones, 2005	Rohloff and Bones, 2005	Stevanovic, Garneau, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10	ZB-Wax	ZB-Wax	ZB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas		He	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	40.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	250.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	5.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)	5.	3.	2.	2.	2.
Final hold (min)	10.	30.	5.	5.	5.
I	1200.	1192.	1175.	1177.	1190.
Reference	Vichi, Riu-Aumatell, et al., 2005	Wong, Lee, et al., 2005	N/A	N/A	N/A
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	ZB-Wax	DB-Wax	BP-20	RTX-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.22	0.22	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	40.	90.	60.	60.	35.
T_end (C)	250.	220.	220.	230.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	7.	2.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.			5.
Final hold (min)	10.	5.	20.	45.	10.
I	1175.	1210.	1196.	1201.	1220.
Reference	Wu, Krings, et al., 2005	Agnihotri, Thappa, et al., 2004	Blanc, Muselli, et al., 2004	Cavalli, Tomi, et al., 2004	Chida, Sone, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	He	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	70.	60.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	200.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	4.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.			4.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.	40.
I	1236.	1222.	1181.	1190.	1202.
Reference	Choi, 2004	Choi, 2004, 2	Gauvin, Ravaomanarivo, et al., 2004	González, Guerra, et al., 2004	Jiang and Kubota, 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	HP-FFAP	Innowax FSC	BP-20	PEG-20M
Column length (m)	60.	30.	60.	25.	50.
Carrier gas	He	He	Helium	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.20
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25		0.25	0.20
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	120.	220.	220.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	5.	4.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)	4.	5.	10.		5.
Final hold (min)		3.			30.
I	1202.	1191.	1203.	1209.	1195.
Reference	Jiang and Kubota, 2004	López, Guzmán, et al., 2004	Lourens, Reddy, et al., 2004	Mallavarapu, Kulkarni, et al., 2004	Narain, Almeida, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10	DB-Wax	Innowax	NB-20M
Column length (m)	50.	50.	60.	50.	50.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.2	0.32	0.2	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	70.	35.	70.	50.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	220.	220.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	3.	4.	2.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	1202.	1204.	1190.	1221.	1195.
Reference	Orav, Stulova, et al., 2004	Orav, Stulova, et al., 2004	Palá-Paúl, Brophy, et al., 2004	Palá-Paúl, García-Jiménez, et al., 2004	Raal, Arak, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SW-10	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	HP-Innowax	HP-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	60.	60.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	He		Nitrogen	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	70.	70.	45.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	230.	190.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)		2.	2.	2.	10.
Final hold (min)		20.		50.
I	1204.	1230.	1230.	1173.	1206.
Reference	Raal, Paaver, et al., 2004	Sawamura, Son, et al., 2004	Sawamura, Sou, et al., 2004	Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004	Bertoli, Menichini, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Stabilwax	DB-Wax	BP-20	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	60.	60.	25.	30.
Carrier gas	He	Helium	H2	H2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.33	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	40.	80.	50.
T_end (C)	240.	240.	230.	220.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	4.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)		5.	5.		2.
Final hold (min)		10.	25.		20.
I	1190.	1186.	1192.	1219.	1198.
Reference	Cabanillas, Lopez, et al., 2003	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003	Dregus and Engel, 2003	Dunlop, Bignell, et al., 2003	Lin, Cai, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-20M	TC-Wax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	50.	60.	60.	50.	50.
Carrier gas	He	He	Helium	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.2			0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	80.	70.	70.	90.
T_end (C)	180.	250.	210.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	2.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	4.
Final hold (min)	10.	30.	60.
I	1215.	1194.	1206.	1204.	1206.
Reference	Mastelic and Jerkovic, 2003	Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003	Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003	Orav, Kailas, et al., 2003	Priestap, van Baren, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax 20M	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	30.	50.	50.	50.	50.
Carrier gas	N2	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.70	0.2	0.2	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.2	0.2	0.2
T_start (C)	40.	50.	50.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	230.	280.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	4.	4.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)		2.	5.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)
I	1190.	1199.	1204.	1204.	1205.
Reference	Rotman, Ahumada, et al., 2003	Saura, LAencina, et al., 2003	Stashenko, Jaramillo, et al., 2003	Stashenko, Jaramillo, et al., 2003	Stashenko, Jaramillo, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	HP-Innowax	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	He	N2	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	70.	70.	70.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	230.	230.	190.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	2.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)	10.	2.	2.		10.
Final hold (min)	10.	20.	20.
I	1203.	1208.	1207.	1216.	1190.
Reference	Suleimenov, Atazharova, et al., 2003	Tu, Onishi, et al., 2003	Tu, Onishi, et al., 2003, 2	Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2003	Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax	RTX-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	25.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	N2	He	He	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	40.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	200.	250.	250.	180.	245.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	8.	5.	1.5
Initial hold (min)	10.		5.	5.
Final hold (min)		10.	5.	20.	20.
I	1186.	1210.	1169.	1224.	1192.
Reference	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003	Zrira, Elamrani, et al., 2003	Fu, Yoon, et al., 2002	Galindo-Cuspinera, Lubran, et al., 2002	Gancel, Ollé, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	HP-Wax	TC-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	50.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.2	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.325	0.5	0.5	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	40.	70.	75.	40.
T_end (C)	215.	240.	220.	220.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	7.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)				4.	10.
Final hold (min)	20.	5.			10.
I	1206.	1210.	1204.	1206.	1192.
Reference	Kasali, Winterhalter, et al., 2002	Lin, Rouseff, et al., 2002	Orav, Kailas, et al., 2002	Priestap, van Baren, et al., 2002	Suhardi, Suzuki, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	EC-1000	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	70.	40.	35.	45.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	200.	230.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.		2.	5.
Final hold (min)	20.			15.
I	1215.	1230.	1181.	1215.	1201.
Reference	Tu, Onishi, et al., 2002	Tu, Thanh, et al., 2002	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2002	Bendall, 2001	Christoph, 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	Stabilwax	BP-20	TC-Wax	PEG-20M
Column length (m)	60.	30.	50.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	He	H2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.22	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	80.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	280.	230.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	10.	2.	4.	2.
Initial hold (min)		5.
Final hold (min)		5.	35.	47.
I	1210.	1188.	1199.	1198.	1204.
Reference	Jiang and Kubota, 2001	Jirovetz L., Buchbauer G., et al., 2001	Lota, de Rocca Serra, et al., 2001	Miyazawa, Kurose, et al., 2001	Orav, Kailas, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	PEG-20M	PEG-20M	Carbowax 20M	Innowax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	50.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.2	0.22	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)			0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	70.	60.	60.	30.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	220.	170.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	4.	2.
Initial hold (min)				10.	4.
Final hold (min)				10.	30.
I	1204.	1204.	1203.	1203.	1197.
Reference	Orav and Kann, 2001	Orav and Kann, 2001	Vernin, Lageot, et al., 2001	Baser, Özek, et al., 2000	Buttery, Light, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax 52CB	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	50.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.30	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25				0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	50.	50.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	180.	180.	180.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)	5.	8.	8.	8.	8.
Final hold (min)					20.
I	1204.	1184.	1195.	1188.	1176.
Reference	Chagonda, Makanda, et al., 2000	Franco and Shibamoto, 2000	Franco and Shibamoto, 2000	Franco and Shibamoto, 2000	Kim, Kim, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	BP-20	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	FFAP
Column length (m)	60.	25.	60.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	Nitrogen	Nitrogen	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.50	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	40.	70.
T_end (C)	280.	200.	200.	200.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	5.	2.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)			10.	2.	5.
Final hold (min)
I	1189.	1187.	1214.	1197.	1220.
Reference	Korány, Mednyánszky, et al., 2000	Mallavarapu, Rao, et al., 2000	Tamura, Boonbumrung, et al., 2000	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2000	Ajaiyeoba and Ekundayo, 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	BP-20	PEG-20M	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	30.	25.	60.	30.
Carrier gas				N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.33	0.25	0.53
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	30.	60.	80.	70.	60.
T_end (C)	170.	220.	220.	220.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	4.	5.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)	4.
Final hold (min)	60.
I	1197.	1202.	1219.	1209.	1198.
Reference	Buttery, Orts, et al., 1999	Choo, Wong, et al., 1999	Dunlop, Bignell, et al., 1999	Hirose, Joichi, et al., 1999	Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP Innowax FSP	Innowax	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	220.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)					4.
Initial hold (min)	10.	10.	10.	10.
Final hold (min)	10.
I	1203.	1203.	1203.	1203.	1202.
Reference	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 2	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3	Ngassoum, Yonkeu, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	NB-351	BP-20	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	BP-20
Column length (m)	25.	25.	60.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	H2	N2	He	N2	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.3	0.5	0.25		0.33
Phase thickness (μm)	0.5		0.25	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	70.	60.	40.	60.	80.
T_end (C)	250.	200.	200.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	2.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)	2.		2.
Final hold (min)
I	1221.	1185.	1197.	1211.	1219.
Reference	Onocha, Ekundayo, et al., 1999	Rao, Bhattacharya, et al., 1999	Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999	Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1999	Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	CP-Wax 52CB	Supelcowax-10	HP-20M	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	25.	30.	50.	30.
Carrier gas		He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.2	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.2		0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	30.	60.	60.	70.	45.
T_end (C)	170.	240.	240.	180.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	6.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	4.	2.		4.
Final hold (min)	30.	10.		10.
I	1197.	1196.	1190.	1179.	1186.
Reference	Buttery and Ling, 1998	Chisowa, Hall, et al., 1998	Lamarque, Maestri, et al., 1998	Milso, Mastelic, et al., 1998	Molleken U., Sinnwell V., et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax FSC	PEG-20M	PEG-20M
Column length (m)	30.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	45.	50.	60.	70.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	210.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	4.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)		5.	10.
Final hold (min)			10.
I	1202.	1199.	1203.	1209.	1209.
Reference	Mölleken, Sinnwell, et al., 1998	Stashenko, Cervantes, et al., 1998	Tümen, Baser, et al., 1998	Awano, Honda, et al., 1997	Awano, Ichikawa, et al., 1997
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Innowax FSC	BP-20	BP-20	BP-20	BP-20
Column length (m)	60.	25.	25.	25.	25.
Carrier gas	He	H2	H2	H2	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.33	0.33	0.33	0.33
Phase thickness (μm)		0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
T_start (C)	60.	80.	80.	80.	80.
T_end (C)	240.	220.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	5.	5.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)	10.
Final hold (min)	10.
I	1203.	1219.	1219.	1219.	1219.
Reference	Baser, Kirimer, et al., 1997	Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1997	Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1997, 2	Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1997, 3	Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1997, 4
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-20	BP-20	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	25.	25.	30.	30.	0.
Carrier gas		H2	H2		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.33	0.33	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.5	0.5	0.5
T_start (C)	80.	80.	40.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	240.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	1219.	1219.	1204.	1190.	1190.
Reference	Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1997, 5	Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1997, 6	Lebossé, Ducruet, et al., 1997	Zunino, Novillo-Newton, et al., 1997	Zygadlo, Ariza-Espinar, et al., 1997
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SP-1000	DB-Wax	PEG-20M	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	85.	30.	50.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	He	N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.50	0.319	0.25	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25		0.5	0.50
T_start (C)	65.	60.	70.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	225.	300.	250.	210.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	8.	2.	3.	8.
Initial hold (min)				1.	1.
Final hold (min)		15.		25.	6.
I	1200.	1205.	1204.	1193.	1205.
Reference	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1996	Malizia, Molli, et al., 1996	Orav, Kailas, et al., 1996	Pollak and Berger, 1996	Sagrero-Nieves and Bartley, 1996
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	TC-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax 20M	PEG-20M	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas		He		He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25		0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	80.	40.	60.	70.	50.
T_end (C)	240.	200.	180.	180.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.	2.	2.5
Initial hold (min)	5.	3.	4.	7.	5.
Final hold (min)		30.
I	1198.	1190.	1184.	1209.	1217.
Reference	Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996	Wong and Lai, 1996	Kawakami, Ganguly, et al., 1995	Orav, Kuningas, et al., 1995	Stashenko, Torres, et al., 1995
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	PEG-20M	PEG-20M	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	50.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.15	0.15
T_start (C)	50.	60.	60.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	150.	180.	180.	200.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	10.	4.	4.	2.	4.
Final hold (min)	20.
I	1201.	1175.	1176.	1199.	1190.
Reference	Tirado, Stashenko, et al., 1995	Togari, Kobayashi, et al., 1995	Togari, Kobayashi, et al., 1995	Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax
Column length (m)			80.	50.	60.
Carrier gas				He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)			0.2	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)					0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	70.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	210.	210.	170.	180.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.		4.	4.
Final hold (min)	120.	120.
I	1195.	1196.	1206.	1184.	1198.
Reference	Collin, Deslauriers, et al., 1993	Collin, Deslauriers, et al., 1993	Egolf and Jurs, 1993	Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993	Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1993
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax 52CB	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	PEG-20M	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	45.	50.	50.	60.
Carrier gas	H2	Hydrogen	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.22	1.0
T_start (C)	50.	60.	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	180.	180.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	5.	5.	4.
Final hold (min)					10.
I	1192.4	1207.	1184.	1193.	1195.
Reference	Chyau, Chen, et al., 1992	Kollmannsberger, Nitz, et al., 1992	Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991	Kubota, Nakamoto, et al., 1991	Binder, Benson, et al., 1990
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	FFAP
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	60.	50.
Carrier gas		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	50.	60.	70.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	230.	220.	200.	250.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	4.	4.	10.
Initial hold (min)		1.	2.	0.1	1.
Final hold (min)	10.			5.
I	1198.	1218.	1214.	1196.	1206.
Reference	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990	Loughrin, Hamilton-Kemp, et al., 1990	Wyllie, Brophy, et al., 1990	Binder and Flath, 1989	Brophy, Davies, et al., 1989
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	60.	60.	50.	50.	150.
Carrier gas	He	He	N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.22	0.22	0.66
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	30.	30.	80.	80.	60.
T_end (C)	180.	180.	200.	200.	170.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	3.	3.	1.
Initial hold (min)	4.	4.			40.
Final hold (min)
I	1183.	1188.	1204.	1206.	1180.
Reference	Takeoka and Butter, 1989	Takeoka and Butter, 1989	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988	Buttery, Ling, et al., 1987
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	50.	150.	25.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	He		H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.22	0.66	0.30	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)					0.25
T_start (C)	80.	80.	60.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	170.	220.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	1.	2.	5.
Initial hold (min)			40.	5.
Final hold (min)
I	1204.	1206.	1180.	1199.	1209.
Reference	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987	Buttery, Maddox, et al., 1986	Nykanen, 1986	Perry, Baxter, et al., 1986
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-20	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	25.	150.	50.	150.	150.
Carrier gas
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.66	0.32	0.64	0.64
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	70.	60.	70.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	180.	170.	180.	170.	170.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	1.	2.	1.	1.
Initial hold (min)	5.	40.		30.	30.
Final hold (min)
I	1206.	1180.	1202.	1180.	1180.
Reference	MacLeod and Snyder, 1985	Buttery and Ling, 1984	Engel and Tressl, 1983	Buttery, Parker, et al., 1981	Buttery and Kamm, 1980
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Packed	Packed
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	150.	50.	50.	2.	2.
Carrier gas		N2	N2	Hydrogen	Hydrogen
Substrate				Gas-Chrom Z (80-100 mesh)	Gas-Chrom Z (80-100 mesh)
Column diameter (mm)	0.64	0.28	0.28
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	50.	80.	80.	65.	65.
T_end (C)	170.	170.	170.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	1.	1.	1.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)	30.
Final hold (min)
I	1180.	1179.	1181.	1212.	1212.
Reference	Buttery, Ling, et al., 1980	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1980	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1980	Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967	Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Packed	Packed	Packed	Packed
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	2.	2.	2.	2.
Carrier gas	Hydrogen	Hydrogen	Hydrogen	Hydrogen
Substrate	Gas-Chrom Z (80-100 mesh)	Gas-Chrom Z (80-100 mesh)	Gas-Chrom Z (80-100 mesh)	Gas-Chrom Z (80-100 mesh)
Column diameter (mm)
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	65.	65.	65.	65.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	1212.	1212.	1213.	1213.
Reference	Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967	Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967	Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967	Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

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Mastelic, J.; Jerkovic, I., Application of co-distillation with superheated pentane vapour to the isolation of unstable essential oils, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 521-526, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1261 . [all data]

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Bendall, 2001
Bendall, J.G., Aroma compounds of fresh milk from New Zealand cows fed different diets, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 10, 4825-4832, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010334n . [all data]

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Christoph, F., Chemische Zuzammensetzung und antimikrobielle Eigenschaften der ätherischen Öle von Leptospermum scoparium J. R. et G. Forst. und anderer Teebaumöle der Gattungen Kunzea, Leptospermum und Melaleuca unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Handelsölen, Dissertation, University of Hamburg, Germany, 2001, 196. [all data]

Jiang and Kubota, 2001
Jiang, L.; Kubota, K., Formation by mechanical stimulus of the flavor compounds in young leaves of Japanese pepper (Xanthoxylum piperitum DC.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 3, 1353-1357, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001166m . [all data]

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Jirovetz L.; Buchbauer G.; Shafi P.M.; Rosamma M.K.; Geissler M., Analysis of the composition and aroma of the essential leaf oil of Syzygium travancoricum from South India by GC-FID, GC-MS, and olfactometry. Seasonal changes of composition, Chromatographia Sup., 2001, 53, S1, s372-s374, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02490359 . [all data]

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Buttery, R.G.; Light, D.M.; Nam, Y.; Merrill, G.B.; Roitman, J.N., Volatile components of green walnut husks, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 7, 2858-2861, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000288b . [all data]

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Chagonda, L.S.; Makanda, C.; Chalchat, J.-C., The essential oils of wild and cultivated Cymbopogon validus (Stapf) Stapf ex Burtt Davy and Elionurus muticus (Spreng.) Kunth from Zimbabwe, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 2, 100-104, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200003/04)15:2<100::AID-FFJ874>3.0.CO;2-Y . [all data]

Franco and Shibamoto, 2000
Franco, M.R.B.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile composition of some Brazilian fruits: umbu-caja (Spondias citherea), camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia), araca-boi (Eugenia stipitata), and cupuacu (Theobroma grandiflorum), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 4, 1263-1265, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9900074 . [all data]

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Kim, H.-J.; Kim, K.; Kim, N.-S.; Lee, D.-S., Determination of floral fragrances of Rosa hybrida using solid-phase trapping-solvent extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 902, 2, 389-404, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00863-3 . [all data]

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Mallavarapu, G.R.; Rao, L.; Ramesh, S., Volatile constituents of the leaf and fruit oils of Murraya koenigii Spreng., L. Ess. Oil Res., 2000, 12, 6, 766-768, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2000.9712211 . [all data]

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Tamura, H.; Boonbumrung, S.; Yoshizawa, T.; Varanyanond, W., Volatile components of the essential oil in the pulp of four yellow mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) in Thailand, Food Sci. Technol. Res., 2000, 6, 1, 68-73, https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.6.68 . [all data]

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Umano, K.; Hagi, Y.; Nakahara, K.; Shoji, A.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile chemicals identified in extracts from leaves of Japanese mugwort (Artemisia princeps Pamp.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 8, 3463-3469, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0001738 . [all data]

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Ajaiyeoba, E.O.; Ekundayo, O., Essential oil constituents of Aframomum melegueta (Roscoe) K. Schum. seeds (alligator pepper) from Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 2, 109-111, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199903/04)14:2<109::AID-FFJ775>3.0.CO;2-M . [all data]

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Buttery, R.G.; Orts, W.J.; Takeoka, G.R.; Nam, Y., Volatile flavor components of rice cakes, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 10, 4353-4356, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf990140w . [all data]

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Choo, L.-C.; Wong, S.-M.; Liew, K.-Y., Essential oil of nutmeg pericarp, J. Sci. Food Agric., 1999, 79, 13, 1954-1957, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199910)79:13<1954::AID-JSFA460>3.0.CO;2-I . [all data]

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Dunlop, P.J.; Bignell, C.M.; Brooker, M.I.H.; Brophy, J.J.; Hibbert, D.B., Use of gas chromatograms of essential leaf oils to compare eight taxa of genus Angophora (Myrtaceae): possible relationships to the genus Eucalyptus, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 1999, 27, 8, 815-830, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00022-8 . [all data]

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Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999
Kaya, A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Koca, F., Essential oils of Acinos troodi (Post) Leblebici subsp. vardaranus Leblebici and subsp. grandiflorus Hartvig Strid, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 50-54, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<50::AID-FFJ783>3.0.CO;2-7 . [all data]

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Kaya, A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Tümen, G.; Koca, F., The essential oil of Acinos suaveolens (Sm.) G. Don fil. Acinos arvensis (Lam.) Dandy and Acinos rotundifolius Pers. growing wild in Turkey, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 60-64, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<60::AID-FFJ785>3.0.CO;2-0 . [all data]

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Ngassoum, M.B.; Yonkeu, S.; Jirovetz, L.; Buchbauer, G.; Schmaus, G.; Hammerschmidt, F.-J.H., Chemical composition of essential oils of Lantana camara leaves and flowers from Cameroon and Madagascar, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 4, 245-250, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199907/08)14:4<245::AID-FFJ819>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

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Onocha, P.A.; Ekundayo, O.; Oyelola, O.; Laakso, I., Essential oils of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H. J. Lam (African pear), Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 2, 135-139, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199903/04)14:2<135::AID-FFJ788>3.0.CO;2-L . [all data]

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Rao, B.R.R.; Bhattacharya, A.K.; Mallavarapu, G.R.; Ramesh, S., Volatile constituents of different parts of cornmint (Mentha arvensis L.), Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 5, 262-264, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199909/10)14:5<262::AID-FFJ766>3.0.CO;2-6 . [all data]

Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999
Umano, K.; Nakahara, K.; Shoji, A.; Shibamoto, T., Aroma chemicals isolated and identified from leaves of aloe arborescens Mill. Var. natalensis Berger, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 9, 3702-3705, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf990116i . [all data]

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Weyerstahl, P.; Marschall, H.; Thefeld, K.; Rustaiyan, A., Constituents of the essential oil of Tanacetum (syn. Chrysanthemum) fruticulosum Ledeb. from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 2, 112-120, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199903/04)14:2<112::AID-FFJ786>3.0.CO;2-1 . [all data]

Bignell, Dunlop, et al., 1998
Bignell, C.M.; Dunlop, P.J.; Brophy, J.J., Volatile leaf oils of some South-Western and Southern Australian species of the genus Eucalyptus (Series 1). Part XIX, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 2, 131-139, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199803/04)13:2<131::AID-FFJ710>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Buttery and Ling, 1998
Buttery, R.G.; Ling, L.C., Additional studies on flavor components of corn tortilla chips, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 7, 2764-2769, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980125b . [all data]

Chisowa, Hall, et al., 1998
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Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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