Heptane, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethyl-
- Formula: C12H26
- Molecular weight: 170.3348
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C12H26/c1-10(8-11(2,3)4)9-12(5,6)7/h10H,8-9H2,1-7H3
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: VKPSKYDESGTTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 13475-82-6
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane; Permethyl 99A
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Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
=
By formula: C12H26 = C12H26
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -12.7 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Melaugh, Mansson, et al., 1976 | liquid phase; Unpublished results of Zwolinski and Desai |
| ΔrH° | -12.2 ± 1.4 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Melaugh, Mansson, et al., 1976 | liquid phase |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Packed | Apolane | 130. | 990. | Dutoit, 1991 | Column length: 3.7 m |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Apiezon L | 980. | Louis, 1971 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | CP-Sil 8CB-MS | 990. | Elmore, Cooper, et al., 2005 | 0. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 997. | Insausti, Goñi, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 35. C @ 15. min, 8. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | PONA | 996. | Vendeuvre, Bertoncini, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C |
| Capillary | PONA | 999. | Vendeuvre, Bertoncini, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 997.0 | Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 985. | Oruna-Concha, Ames, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 994. | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 990.04 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 992.84 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 994.39 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-2 | 987.85 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-2 | 990.16 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-2 | 992.02 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | DB-1 | 1003. | Place, Imhof, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 35C(5min) => 10C/min => 45C (5min) => 5C/min => 250C (10min) |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 989. | Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min) |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 957. | Chung and Cadwallader, 1993 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 954. | Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 956. | Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 994. | Supelco, 2012 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 MS | 995. | Xu, Han, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 2. min, 15. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 MS | 995. | Xu, Han, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 15. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | HP-5 | 995. | Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min) |
| Capillary | CP-Sil5 CB MS | 994. | Tirillini, Verdelli, et al., 2000 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm; Program: 0C (3min) => 3C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 220C (30min) |
| Capillary | RSL-150 | 997. | Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30c (1.5min) => 20C/min => 55C => 6C/min => 200C(10min) |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 943. | Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | HP-Wax | 915. | Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
| Capillary | HP-Wax | 915. | Sanz, Ansorena, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
References
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Melaugh, Mansson, et al., 1976
Melaugh, R.A.; Mansson, M.; Rossini, F.D.,
The energy of isomerization of n-dodecane into 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1976, 8, 623-626. [all data]
Dutoit, 1991
Dutoit, J.,
Gas chromatographic retention behaviour of some solutes on structurally similar polar and non-polar stationary phases,
J. Chromatogr., 1991, 555, 1-2, 191-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87179-X
. [all data]
Louis, 1971
Louis, R.,
Kovats-index-tafeln zur gaschromatographischen analyse von kohlenwasserstoffgemischen,
Erdoel Kohle Erdgas Petrochem., 1971, 24, 2, 88-94. [all data]
Elmore, Cooper, et al., 2005
Elmore, J.S.; Cooper, S.L.; Enser, M.; Mottram, D.S.; Sinclair, L.A.; Wilkinson, R.G.; Wood, J.D.,
Dietary manipulation of fatty acid composition in lamb meat and its effect on the volatile aroma compounds of grilled lamb,
Meat Sci., 2005, 69, 2, 233-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.07.002
. [all data]
Insausti, Goñi, et al., 2005
Insausti, K.; Goñi, V.; Petri, E.; Gorraiz, C.; Beriain, M.J.,
Effect of weight at slaughter on the volatile compounds of cooked beef from Spanish cattle breeds,
Meat Sci., 2005, 70, 1, 83-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.12.003
. [all data]
Vendeuvre, Bertoncini, et al., 2005
Vendeuvre, C.; Bertoncini, F.; Thiébaut, D.; Martin, M.; Hennion, M.-C.,
Evluation of a retention model in comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography,
J. Sep. Sci., 2005, 28, 11, 1129-1136, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200401933
. [all data]
Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003
Xu, X.; van Stee, L.L.P.; Williams, J.; Beens, J.; Adahchour, M.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.; Lelieveld, J.,
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2003, 3, 3, 665-682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-665-2003
. [all data]
Oruna-Concha, Ames, et al., 2002
Oruna-Concha, M.J.; Ames, J.M.; Bakker, J.,
Comparison of the volatile components of eight cultivars of potato after microwave baking,
Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 2002, 35, 1, 80-86, https://doi.org/10.1006/fstl.2001.0819
. [all data]
White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S.,
Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1992, 15, 2, 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150211
. [all data]
Haynes and Pitzer, 1985
Haynes, P.C., Jr.; Pitzer, E.W.,
Disengaging solutes in shale- and petroleum-derived jet fuels by altering GC programmed temperature rates,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1985, 8, 5, 230-242, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240080504
. [all data]
Place, Imhof, et al., 2003
Place, R.B.; Imhof, M.; Teuber, M.; Olivier Bosset, J.,
Distribution of the volatile (flavour) compounds in Raclette cheese produced with different staphylococci in the smear,
Mitt. Lebensmittelunters. Hyg., 2003, 94, 192-211. [all data]
Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 2002
Oruna-Concha, M.J.; Bakker, J.; Ames, J.M.,
Comparison of the volatile components of two cultivars of potato cooked by boiling, conventional baking and microwave baking,
J. Sci. Food Agric., 2002, 82, 9, 1080-1087, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1148
. [all data]
Chung and Cadwallader, 1993
Chung, H.Y.; Cadwallader, K.R.,
Volatile components in blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) meat and processing by-product,
J. Food Sci., 1993, 58, 6, 1203-1207, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb06148.x
. [all data]
Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989
Tanchotikul, U.; Hsieh, T.C.-Y.,
Volatile Flavor Components in Crayfish Waste,
J. Food Sci., 1989, 54, 6, 1515-1520, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1989.tb05149.x
. [all data]
Supelco, 2012
Supelco, CatalogNo. 24160-U,
Petrocol DH Columns. Catalog No. 24160-U, 2012, retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Supelco/Datasheet/1/w97949.Par.0001.File.tmp/w97949.pdf. [all data]
Xu, Han, et al., 2012
Xu, L.-L.; Han, T.; Wu, J.-Z.; Zhang, Q.-Y.; Zhang, H.; Huang, B.-K.; Rahman, K.,
Comparative research of chemical constituents, antifungal and antitumor properties of ether extracts of Panax ginseng and its endophytic fungus, 2012, retrieved from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Comparative .... [all data]
Xu, Han, et al., 2009
Xu, L.-L.; Han, T.; Wu, J.-Z.; Zhang, Q.-Y.; Zhang, H.; Huang, B.-K.; Rahman, K.,
Comparative research of chemical constituents, antifungal and antitumor properties of ether extracts of Panax ginseng and its endophytic fungus,
Phytomedicine: Int. J. Phytotherapy Phytopharmacology, 2009, 16, 6-7, 609-616, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.03.014
. [all data]
Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004
Garcia-Estaban, M.; Ansorena, D.; Astiasaran, I.; Martin, D.; Ruiz, J.,
Comparison of simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the analysis of volatile compounds in dry-cured ham,
J. Sci. Food Agric., 2004, 84, 11, 1364-1370, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1826
. [all data]
Tirillini, Verdelli, et al., 2000
Tirillini, B.; Verdelli, G.; Paolocci, F.; Ciccioli, P.; Frattoni, M.,
The volatile organic compounds from the mycelium of Tuber borchii Vitt.,
Phytochemistry, 2000, 55, 8, 983-985, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00308-3
. [all data]
Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 1994
Buchbauer, G.; Nikiforov, A.; Remberg, B.,
Headspace constituents of opium,
Planta Medica, 1994, 60, 2, 181-183, https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959447
. [all data]
Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007
Povolo, M.; Contarini, G.; Mele, M.; Secchiari, P.,
Study on the influence of pasture on volatile fraction of Ewes' dairy products by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
J. Dairy Sci., 2007, 90, 2, 556-569, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(07)71539-4
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Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 2002
Sanz, C.; Maeztu, L.; Zapelena, M.J.; Bello, J.; Cid, C.,
Profiles of volatile compounds and sensory analysis of three blends of coffee: influence of different proportions of Arabica and Robusta and influence of roasting coffee with sugar,
J. Sci. Food Agric., 2002, 82, 8, 840-847, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1110
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Sanz, Ansorena, et al., 2001
Sanz, C.; Ansorena, D.; Bello, J.; Cid, C.,
Optimizing headspace temperature and time sampling for identification of volatile compounds in ground roasted Arabica coffee,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 3, 1364-1369, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001100r
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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