Carbon dioxide

Formula: CO₂
Molecular weight: 44.0095
IUPAC Standard InChI:
InChI=1S/CO2/c2-1-3

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IUPAC Standard InChIKey: CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 124-38-9
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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Isotopologues:
- Carbon dioxide (¹²C¹⁶O₂)
Other names: Carbon oxide (CO2); Carbonic acid, gas; Carbonic anhydride; Dry ice; CO2; Anhydride carbonique; Carbonica; Kohlendioxyd; Kohlensaure; UN 1013; UN 1845; UN 2187; Cardice; Dricold; Drikold; Carbonic acid anhydride; Khladon 744; R 744
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Other data available:
- Gas phase thermochemistry data
- Phase change data
- Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 1 to 50, reactions 51 to 100, reactions 101 to 143
- Henry's Law data
- Gas phase ion energetics data
- IR Spectrum
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Gas Chromatography
- Fluid Properties
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Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

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Clustering reactions

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: Br^- + CO₂ = (Br^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
_rH°	6.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	16.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	1.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (Br^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	6.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	0.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (Br^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (Br^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (Br^- 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (Br^- 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 6 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 7)

By formula: (Br^- 6CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 7CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 7 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 8)

By formula: (Br^- 7CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 8CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 8 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 9)

By formula: (Br^- 8CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 9CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	1.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 9 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 10)

By formula: (Br^- 9CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 10CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	1.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 10 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 11)

By formula: (Br^- 10CO₂) + CO₂ = (Br^- 11CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	0.5 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: CHO⁺ + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	12.6	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (CHO⁺ CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (CHO⁺ 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.9	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (CHO⁺ 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO⁺ 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	8.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

CHO₂⁺ + Carbon dioxide = (CHO₂⁺ )

By formula: CHO₂⁺ + CO₂ = (CHO₂⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	19.8	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Szulejko and McMahon, 1992	gas phase; M
_rH°	18.0	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
_rH°	19.1	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Jennings, Headley, et al., 1982	gas phase; M
_rH°	20.1	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	26.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Szulejko and McMahon, 1992	gas phase; M
_rS°	22.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
_rS°	27.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Jennings, Headley, et al., 1982	gas phase; M
_rS°	24.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; M

(CHO₂⁺ Carbon dioxide ) + = (CHO₂⁺ 2)

By formula: (CHO₂⁺ CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO₂⁺ 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.9	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	23.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M

(CHO₂⁺ 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = (CHO₂⁺ 3)

By formula: (CHO₂⁺ 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (CHO₂⁺ 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.9	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( 4294967295 Carbon dioxide ) + =

By formula: (CHO₂^- 4294967295CO₂) + CO₂ = CHO₂^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	51.6 ± 2.3	kcal/mol	N/A	Caldwell, Renneboog, et al., 1989	gas phase; B

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: CH₃⁺ + CO₂ = (CH₃⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	49.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	McMahon, Heinis, et al., 1988	gas phase; switching reaction(CH3+)N2, Entropy change calculated or estimated, uses MCA(N2) = 48.3 kcal/mol; Foster, Williamson, et al., 1974; M

CH₆N⁺ + Carbon dioxide = (CH₆N⁺ )

By formula: CH₆N⁺ + CO₂ = (CH₆N⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	13.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978	gas phase; M

CN^- + Carbon dioxide = (CN^- )

By formula: CN^- + CO₂ = (CN^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	17.30 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	31.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	7.90 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: CO₂⁺ + CO₂ = (CO₂⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	16. ± 1.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 out of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
_rS°	18.6	cal/mol*K	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; «DELTA»_rH(0 K)=15.9 kcal/mol; M
_rS°	19.5	cal/mol*K	DT	Van Koppen, Kemper, et al., 1983	gas phase; M
_rS°	22.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Headley, Mason, et al., 1982	gas phase; M
_rS°	21.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (CO₂⁺ CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₂⁺ 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.6 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
_rH°	8.3	kcal/mol	EI	Cameron, Aitken, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
_rH°	3.3	kcal/mol	PI	Linn and Ng, 1981	gas phase; M
_rH°	6.0	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	14.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
_rS°	24.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; M

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (CO₂⁺ 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₂⁺ 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.0	kcal/mol	EI	Cameron, Aitken, et al., 1994	gas phase; M
_rH°	5.1 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
_rH°	2.8	kcal/mol	PI	Linn and Ng, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (CO₂⁺ 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₂⁺ 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.8 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (CO₂⁺ 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₂⁺ 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.3 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (CO₂⁺ 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₂⁺ 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.0	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

CO₃^- + Carbon dioxide = C₂O₅^-

By formula: CO₃^- + CO₂ = C₂O₅^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.90 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
_rH°	7.10 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	1.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
_rG°	0.60 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B

CO₃^- + Carbon dioxide = (CO₃^- )

By formula: CO₃^- + CO₂ = (CO₃^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.9 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	16.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- Carbon dioxide ) + = (CO₃^- 2)

By formula: (CO₃^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₃^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.7 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	17.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = (CO₃^- 3)

By formula: (CO₃^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₃^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.5 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = (CO₃^- 4)

By formula: (CO₃^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₃^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.2 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = (CO₃^- 5)

By formula: (CO₃^- 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₃^- 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.8 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = (CO₃^- 6)

By formula: (CO₃^- 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₃^- 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.7 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M

(CO₃^- 6 Carbon dioxide ) + = (CO₃^- 7)

By formula: (CO₃^- 6CO₂) + CO₂ = (CO₃^- 7CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.45	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( 4294967295 Carbon dioxide ) + =

By formula: (C₂H₂O₂^- 4294967295CO₂) + CO₂ = C₂H₂O₂^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	61.7 ± 2.7	kcal/mol	CIDT	Wenthold and Squires, 1994	gas phase; B

( 4294967295 Carbon dioxide ) + =

By formula: (C₂H₃O₂^- 4294967295CO₂) + CO₂ = C₂H₃O₂^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	59.7 ± 2.5	kcal/mol	CIDC	Wenthold and Squires, 1994	gas phase; B

C₂H₈N⁺ + Carbon dioxide = (C₂H₈N⁺ )

By formula: C₂H₈N⁺ + CO₂ = (C₂H₈N⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	11.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	20.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978	gas phase; M

C₂O₅^- + 2 Carbon dioxide = C₃O₇^-

By formula: C₂O₅^- + 2CO₂ = C₃O₇^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	0.4 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

C₃O₇^- + 3 Carbon dioxide = C₄O₉^-

By formula: C₃O₇^- + 3CO₂ = C₄O₉^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.1 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

C₄O₉^- + 4 Carbon dioxide = C₅O₁₁^-

By formula: C₄O₉^- + 4CO₂ = C₅O₁₁^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

C₅O₁₁^- + 5 Carbon dioxide = C₆O₁₃^-

By formula: C₅O₁₁^- + 5CO₂ = C₆O₁₃^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

C₆O₁₃^- + 6 Carbon dioxide = C₇O₁₅^-

By formula: C₆O₁₃^- + 6CO₂ = C₇O₁₅^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.9 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

C₇O₁₅^- + 7 Carbon dioxide = C₈O₁₇^-

By formula: C₇O₁₅^- + 7CO₂ = C₈O₁₇^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-2.1 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B

(Ca⁺² 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = (Ca⁺² 5 )

By formula: (Ca⁺² 4CO₂ CCaO₃) + CO₂ = (Ca⁺² 5CO₂ CCaO₃)

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
7.6	296.	FA	Spears and Fehsenfeld, 1972	gas phase; M

(Ca⁺² 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = (Ca⁺² 6)

By formula: (Ca⁺² 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (Ca⁺² 6CO₂)

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
8.1	296.	FA	Spears and Fehsenfeld, 1972	gas phase; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: Cl^- + CO₂ = (Cl^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.80 ± 0.50	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
_rH°	7.60	kcal/mol	TDEq	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; B,M
_rH°	8.00 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
_rS°	19.6	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	2.10	kcal/mol	TDEq	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; B
_rG°	2.10 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (Cl^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (Cl^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
_rH°	7.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	20.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.4 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
_rG°	1.00	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; B

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (Cl^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (Cl^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
_rH°	6.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	0.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
_rG°	0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; B

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (Cl^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (Cl^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; entropy estimated.; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; entropy estimated.; B

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: Cs⁺ + CO₂ = (Cs⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.2	kcal/mol	DT	McKnight and Sawina, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	14.3	cal/mol*K	DT	McKnight and Sawina, 1972	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
2.4	301.	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

( ) + Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: (Cs⁺ H₂O) + CO₂ = (Cs⁺ CO₂ H₂O)

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
1.2	301.	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: F^- + CO₂ = (F^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	32.07	kcal/mol	N/A	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995	gas phase; B
_rH°	32.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
_rH°	31.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Larson and McMahon, 1985	gas phase; B,M
_rH°	33.0 ± 3.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	McMahon and Northcott, 1978	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	26.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
_rS°	24.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1985	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(F-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	24.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
_rG°	24.5 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Larson and McMahon, 1985	gas phase; B,M
_rG°	11.6	kcal/mol	FA	Spears and Ferguson, 1973	gas phase; DG>; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (F^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (F^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	1.9 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (F^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (F^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	0.5 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (F^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (F^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	20.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-0.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (F^- 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (F^- 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.6 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (F^- 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (F^- 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.4 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 6 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 7)

By formula: (F^- 6CO₂) + CO₂ = (F^- 7CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.9	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: Fe⁺ + CO₂ = (Fe⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	14.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	CIDT	Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000	RCD

HO^- + Carbon dioxide = (HO^- )

By formula: HO^- + CO₂ = (HO^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	50.9 ± 2.5	kcal/mol	CIDT	Squires, 1992	gas phase; Dissociative protonation threshold at nPrSH, 9 kcal> calc. CIDC(HOCO2-..HSH) = 7:1 HOCO2-; B
_rH°	87.60	kcal/mol	Endo	Hierl and Paulson, 1984	gas phase; Implies «DELTA»Hacid = 291.4, anion appears too stable - JEB; B

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: HO^- + CO₂ = (HO^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	88.	kcal/mol	CID	Hierl and Paulson, 1984	gas phase; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: H₃O⁺ + CO₂ = (H₃O⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	14.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Szulejko and McMahon, 1992	gas phase; M
_rH°	15.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
_rH°	14.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Szulejko and McMahon, 1992	gas phase; M
_rS°	24.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
_rS°	20.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (H₃O⁺ CO₂) + CO₂ = (H₃O⁺ 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	12.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	26.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (H₃O⁺ 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (H₃O⁺ 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	10.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	26.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986	gas phase; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + CO₂ = (H₄N⁺ CO₂)

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
2.3	296.	FA	Spears and Fehsenfeld, 1972	gas phase; M

( 2) + Carbon dioxide = ( 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ 2H₂O) + CO₂ = (H₄N⁺ CO₂ 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	1.3	kcal/mol	HPMS	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; electric fields; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: I^- + CO₂ = (I^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.7 ± 1.8	kcal/mol	N/A	Piani, Becucci, et al., 2008	gas phase; Stated electron affinity is the Vertical Detachment Energy; B
_rH°	4.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	4.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
_rH°	3.20	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
_rH°	5.60 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	13.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
_rS°	18.2	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	0.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
_rG°	0.80 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; B,M
_rG°	0.40 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (I^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	4.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
_rH°	2.60	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	17.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	0.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (I^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	2.20	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
_rH°	3.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	4.6 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-0.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (I^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	1.80	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
_rH°	3.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	4.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (I^- 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	1.70	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
_rH°	3.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	4.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.4 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; B

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (I^- 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	1.80	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B
_rH°	4.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( 6 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 7)

By formula: (I^- 6CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 7CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	1.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B

( 7 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 8)

By formula: (I^- 7CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 8CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	3.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B
_rH°	1.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Gomez, Taylor, et al., 2002	gas phase; EA=Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity is stepwise difference in EAs.; B

( 8 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 9)

By formula: (I^- 8CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 9CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	2.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 9 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 10)

By formula: (I^- 9CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 10CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	0.9 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 10 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 11)

By formula: (I^- 10CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 11CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	1.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 11 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 12)

By formula: (I^- 11CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 12CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	1.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

( 12 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 13)

By formula: (I^- 12CO₂) + CO₂ = (I^- 13CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	1.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	PDis	Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2	gas phase; EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Affinity: difference between successive EAs in (Y); B

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: K⁺ + CO₂ = (K⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	8.5	kcal/mol	HPMS	Castleman and Keesee, 1981	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	15.2	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Castleman and Keesee, 1981	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
3.7	310.	DT	Keller and Beyer, 1971	gas phase; low E/N; M

Kr⁺ + Carbon dioxide = (Kr⁺ )

By formula: Kr⁺ + CO₂ = (Kr⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	18.9 ± 0.7	kcal/mol	SIFT	Praxmarer, Jordan, et al., 1993	gas phase; switching reaction(Kr+)Kr; Wadt, 1978, Radzig and Smirnov, 1985; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: Mg⁺ + CO₂ = (Mg⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	13.8 ± 1.4	kcal/mol	CIDT	Andersen, Muntean, et al., 2000	RCD

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (Mg⁺ CO₂) + CO₂ = (Mg⁺ 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	11.5 ± 0.7	kcal/mol	CIDT	Andersen, Muntean, et al., 2000	RCD

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (Mg⁺ 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (Mg⁺ 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	10.6 ± 1.4	kcal/mol	CIDT	Andersen, Muntean, et al., 2000	RCD

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: NO^- + CO₂ = (NO^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	8.5 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; «DELTA»_rH(0 K)=8.60 kcal/mol; M
_rH°	7.7 ± 0.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
_rH°	13.8	kcal/mol	FA	Dunkin, Fehsenfeld, et al., 1971	gas phase; switching reaction(NO+)NO, «DELTA»_rH<; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.0	cal/mol*K	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; «DELTA»_rH(0 K)=8.60 kcal/mol; M
_rS°	13.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (NO^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.4 ± 0.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	17.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (NO^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.2 ± 0.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (NO^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.7 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	23.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (NO^- 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO^- 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.2 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	26.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (NO^- 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO^- 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.0	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	28.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: NO₂^- + CO₂ = (NO₂^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.30 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
_rH°	9.30 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	17.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
_rS°	24.2	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	2.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
_rG°	2.00 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (NO₂^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO₂^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	1.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (NO₂^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO₂^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	23.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-0.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (NO₂^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO₂^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	25.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.7 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (NO₂^- 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO₂^- 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	23.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (NO₂^- 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO₂^- 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.9 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	23.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-2.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 6 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 7)

By formula: (NO₂^- 6CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO₂^- 7CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.4 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-2.1 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 7 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 8)

By formula: (NO₂^- 7CO₂) + CO₂ = (NO₂^- 8CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-2.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: NO₃^- + CO₂ = (NO₃^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	2.70 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Banic and Iribarne, 1985	gas phase; B,M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: Na⁺ + CO₂ = (Na⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	15.9	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M
_rH°	13.7	kcal/mol	FA	Perry, Rowe, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	20.1	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M
_rS°	19.8	cal/mol*K	FA	Perry, Rowe, et al., 1980	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
6.6	310.	DT	Keller and Beyer, 1971, 2	gas phase; low E/N; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (Na⁺ CO₂) + CO₂ = (Na⁺ 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	11.0	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
4.8	310.	DT	Keller and Beyer, 1971, 2	gas phase; low E/N; M

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (Na⁺ 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (Na⁺ 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	9.7	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	24.0	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (Na⁺ 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (Na⁺ 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	8.4	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	25.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
0.7	310.	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( ) + Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: (Na⁺ H₂O) + CO₂ = (Na⁺ CO₂ H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	12.6	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	22.5	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M

( 2) + Carbon dioxide = ( 2)

By formula: (Na⁺ 2H₂O) + CO₂ = (Na⁺ CO₂ 2H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	10.3	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	23.9	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; M

( 3) + Carbon dioxide = ( 3)

By formula: (Na⁺ 3H₂O) + CO₂ = (Na⁺ CO₂ 3H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.2	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	25.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-0.3	kcal/mol	HPMS	Peterson, Mark, et al., 1984	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

O^- + Carbon dioxide = (O^- )

By formula: O^- + CO₂ = (O^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	48. ± 10.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 8 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	48.0 ± 5.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Adams and Bohme, 1970	gas phase; O₃^- + CO₂ <=> CO₃^- + O₂; B

(O^- Carbon dioxide ) + = (O^- 2)

By formula: (O^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (O^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	7.1	kcal/mol	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	21.8	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M

(O^- ) + Carbon dioxide = (O^- )

By formula: (O^- H₂O) + CO₂ = (O^- CO₂ H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	36.4	kcal/mol	PDiss	Roehl, Snodgrass, et al., 1991	gas phase; «DELTA»_rH>; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: O₂⁺ + CO₂ = (O₂⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	9.8 ± 0.9	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 4 out of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	17.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
_rS°	18.9	cal/mol*K	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; «DELTA»_rH(0 K)=9.80 kcal/mol; M
_rS°	20.7	cal/mol*K	N/A	Dotan, Davidson, et al., 1978	gas phase; switching reaction(O2+)O2, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Conway and Janik, 1970; M
_rS°	20.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, «DELTA»_rH>; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	4.4	kcal/mol	DT	Rakshit and Warneck, 1981	gas phase; M
_rG°	4.3	kcal/mol	FA	Dotan, Davidson, et al., 1978	gas phase; switching reaction(O2+)O2, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Conway and Janik, 1970; M

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
9.4	600.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, «DELTA»_rH>; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (O₂⁺ CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂⁺ 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	8.6 ± 0.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
_rH°	7.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
_rS°	15.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (O₂⁺ 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂⁺ 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.2 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (O₂⁺ 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂⁺ 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	5.1 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (O₂⁺ 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂⁺ 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.5 ± 0.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	20.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; M

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (O₂⁺ 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂⁺ 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.0	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	20.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

+ Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: O₂^- + CO₂ = (O₂^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	19.00 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
_rH°	17.7 ± 1.8	kcal/mol	IMRE	Pack and Phelps, 1966	gas phase; Corrected with more recent EA(O2) = 0.45 eV; B,M
_rH°	25.4 ± 4.6	kcal/mol	PDis	Vestal and Mauclaire, 1977	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	24.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
_rS°	21.	cal/mol*K	DT	Pack and Phelps, 1966	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	11.7 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B
_rG°	12.2 ± 1.2	kcal/mol	IMRE	Pack and Phelps, 1966	gas phase; Corrected with more recent EA(O2) = 0.45 eV; B
_rG°	10.0	kcal/mol	FA	Adams and Bohme, 1970	gas phase; switching reaction(O2-)O2; Conway and Nesbit, 1968; M

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
12.9	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; switching reaction(O2-)H2O; Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970; M

( Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 2)

By formula: (O₂^- CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂^- 2CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.60 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	1.1 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 2 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 3)

By formula: (O₂^- 2CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂^- 3CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	23.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-0.6 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 3 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 4)

By formula: (O₂^- 3CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂^- 4CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-0.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 4 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 5)

By formula: (O₂^- 4CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂^- 5CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	18.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.1 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 5 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 6)

By formula: (O₂^- 5CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂^- 6CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( 6 Carbon dioxide ) + = ( 7)

By formula: (O₂^- 6CO₂) + CO₂ = (O₂^- 7CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	4.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	19.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	-1.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1992	gas phase; B

( ) + Carbon dioxide = ( )

By formula: (O₂^- H₂O) + CO₂ = (O₂^- CO₂ H₂O)

Free energy of reaction

_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
8.2	296.	FA	Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974	gas phase; switching reaction(O2-)2H2O; Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970; M

O₂S⁺ + Carbon dioxide = (O₂S⁺ )

By formula: O₂S⁺ + CO₂ = (O₂S⁺ CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	9.6 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; «DELTA»_rH(0 K)=10.2 kcal/mol; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	16.5	cal/mol*K	DT	Illies, 1988	gas phase; «DELTA»_rH(0 K)=10.2 kcal/mol; M

O₃S^- + Carbon dioxide = (O₃S^- )

By formula: O₃S^- + CO₂ = (O₃S^- CO₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rH°	6.50 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rS°	20.7	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
_rG°	0.30 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980	gas phase; B

References

Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Notes

Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995
Arnold, D.W.; Bradforth, S.E.; Kim, E.H.; Neumark, D.M., Study of halogen carbon dioxide clusters and the fluoroformyloxyl radical by photodetachment of X(-)(CO2) (X=I,Cl,Br) and FCO2-, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 9, 3493, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.468575 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987
Hiraoka, K.; Mizuse, S.; Yamabe, S., Stability and Structure of Cluster Ions: Halide Ions with CO2, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 87, 6, 3647, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.452962 . [all data]

Arnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995, 2
Arnold, D.W.; Bradforth, S.E.; Kim, E.H.; Neumark, D.M., Study of I-(CO2)n, Br-(CO2)n, and I-(N2O)n clusters by anion photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 9, 3510, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.468576 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986
Hiraoka, K.; Shoda, T.; Morise, K.; Yamabe, S.; Kawai, E.; Hirao, K., Stability and structure of cluster ions in the gas phase: Carbon dioxide with Cl^-, H₃O⁺, HCO₂⁺ and HCO⁺, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 84, 2091. [all data]

Szulejko and McMahon, 1992
Szulejko, J.; McMahon, T.B., personal communication, 1992. [all data]

Jennings, Headley, et al., 1982
Jennings, K.R.; Headley, J.V.; Mason, R.S., The Temperature Dependence of Ion - Molecule Association Reactions, Int. J. Mass. Spectrom. Ion Phys, 1982, 45, 315. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Field, F.H., Proton Affinity and Ion - Molecule Clustering in CO2 and CS2. Applications in Martian Ionospheric Chemistry, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 66, 10, 4527, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.433706 . [all data]

Caldwell, Renneboog, et al., 1989
Caldwell, G.; Renneboog, R.; Kebarle, P., Gas Phase Acidities of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids, Based on Measurements of Proton Transfer Equilibria, Can. J. Chem., 1989, 67, 4, 661, https://doi.org/10.1139/v89-092 . [all data]

McMahon, Heinis, et al., 1988
McMahon, T.; Heinis, T.; Nicol, G.; Hovey, J.K.; Kebarle, P., Methyl Cation Affinities, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 23, 7591, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00231a002 . [all data]

Foster, Williamson, et al., 1974
Foster, M.S.; Williamson, A.D.; Beauchamp, J.L., Photoionization mass spectrometry of trans-azomethane, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1974, 15, 429. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Ion - Molecule Condensation Reactions: A Mechanism for Chemical Synthesis in Ionized Reducing Planetary Atmospheres, Origins Life, 1978, 9, 2, 115, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00931409 . [all data]

Larson, Szulejko, et al., 1988
Larson, J.W.; Szulejko, J.E.; McMahon, T.B., Gas Phase Lewis Acid-Base Interactions. An Experimental Determination of Cyanide Binding Energies From Ion Cyclotron Resonance and High-Pressure Mass Spectrometric Equilibrium Measurements., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 23, 7604, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00231a004 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Nakajima, et al., 1988
Hiraoka, K.; Nakajima, G.; Shoda, S., Determination of the Stabilities of CO2+(CO2)n and O2+(CO2)n Clusters with n = 1 - 6, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1988, 146, 6, 535, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(88)87495-5 . [all data]

Illies, 1988
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Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

T Temperature

_rG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions

_rH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

_rS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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T	Temperature
_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
_rS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions