Tetradecanal

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase Elite-5 MSHP-5HP-5HP-5 MSHP-5 MS
Column length (m) 30.30.30.30.30.
Carrier gas HeliumHeliumHeliumHeliumHelium
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.320.250.25
Phase thickness (μm) 0.250.250.250.250.25
Tstart (C) 40.50.60.60.70.
Tend (C) 220.300.240.220.290.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.50.3.5.5.
Initial hold (min)  5.2.10. 
Final hold (min)  5.  10.
I 1614.1613.1613.1614.1614.
ReferenceBaharum, Bunawan, et al., 2010Bi Kouame, Bedi, et al., 2010Kahriman, Tosun, et al., 2010Ogunwande, Flamini, et al., 2010Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase HP-5DB-5 MSDB-5DB-5HP-1
Column length (m) 30.30.30.30.25.
Carrier gas HydrogenHeliumHeliumNitrogen 
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.250.250.32
Phase thickness (μm) 0.250.250.250.250.17
Tstart (C) 70.60.50.40.50.
Tend (C) 290.240.250.230.260.
Heat rate (K/min) 5.3.5.2.1.
Initial hold (min)   2. 5.
Final hold (min)     5.
I 1615.1613.1613.1613.1593.
ReferenceRadulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010Silva, Pott, et al., 2010Ho, Wang, et al., 2009Scrivanti, Anton, et al., 2009Wetwiayaklung, Thavanapong, et al., 2009
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase HP-5 MSSLB-5 MSHP-5HP-5DB-5MS
Column length (m) 30.30.30.30.30.
Carrier gas HeliumHeliumNitrogenHeHe
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.250.250.25
Phase thickness (μm) 0.250.250.25 0.25
Tstart (C) 50.50.50.70.60.
Tend (C) 230.250.280.240.280.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.3.5.5.3.
Initial hold (min) 4.2.1.  
Final hold (min) 10.10.1. 30.
I 1613.1614.1610.1614.1579.
ReferenceForero, Quijano, et al., 2008Lo Presti, Sciarrone, et al., 2008Saidana, Mahjoub, et al., 2008Asekun, Olusegun, et al., 2007Marongiu B., Piras A., et al., 2007
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase HP-5HP-5 MSDB-5NB-30PE-5
Column length (m) 25.25.30.30.50.
Carrier gas HeliumHeliumHeHeHe
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.320.250.250.20.32
Phase thickness (μm) 0.520.250.250.250.25
Tstart (C) 40.100.50.50.100.
Tend (C) 280.280.250.250.280.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.4.4.2.3.
Initial hold (min)  3.  1.
Final hold (min)  5.   
I 1609.1617.1623.1600.1610.
ReferencePavlovic, Petrovic, et al., 2007Phutdhawong, Kawaree, et al., 2007Najafpour Navaei, Mirza, et al., 2006Orav, Raal, et al., 2006Pandey-Rai S., Mallavarapu G.R., et al., 2006
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase HP-5DB-5 MSDB-5MSCP Sil 5 CBCP Sil 5 CB
Column length (m) 30.30.30.30.30.
Carrier gas H2 HeHeHe
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.250.250.25
Phase thickness (μm) 0.250.250.250.250.25
Tstart (C) 50.40.60.40.40.
Tend (C) 280.200.280.220.220.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.8.3.4.4.
Initial hold (min) 2.3.30.1.1.
Final hold (min) 10.20.   
I 1613.1618.1576.1613.1613.
ReferencePino, Sauri-Duch, et al., 2006Schirack, Drake, et al., 2006Marongiu, Piras, et al., 2005Rohloff and Bones, 2005Rohloff and Bones, 2005
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase DB-5DB-1HP-5MSDB-1DB-5
Column length (m) 30.25.30.30.60.
Carrier gas He HeHeHe
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.250.250.25
Phase thickness (μm) 0.250.250.250.250.25
Tstart (C) 40.60.60.50.35.
Tend (C) 260.180.280.265.280.
Heat rate (K/min) 2.3.3.2.55.
Initial hold (min) 5.10. 1.2.
Final hold (min) 20.10. 20.4.
I 1608.1617.1621.1586.1610.
ReferenceSenatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2005bin Jantan, Ayop, et al., 2004Malencic, Couladis, et al., 2004Sarkhail, Amin, et al., 2004Dhanda, Pegg, et al., 2003
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase HP-5HP-1DB-1DB-5DB-5
Column length (m) 30.50.30.30.30.
Carrier gas HeHeH2HeHe
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.20.320.250.25
Phase thickness (μm) 0.250.50.250.250.25
Tstart (C) 60.60.40.60.60.
Tend (C) 280.220.245.250.300.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.2.3.3.2.
Initial hold (min)   20.  
Final hold (min)  40.   
I 1607.1586.1584.1606.1607.
ReferenceSajjadi and Mehregan, 2003Valette, Fernandez, et al., 2003Gancel, Ollé, et al., 2002Limberger, Simões-Pires, et al., 2002Ruberto, Biondi, et al., 2002
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase HP-5SPB-5DB-5OV-101Ultra-2
Column length (m) 30.60.30.50.50.
Carrier gas H2He N2He
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.320.250.250.32
Phase thickness (μm) 0.251.0.25 0.52
Tstart (C) 40.40.140.80.40.
Tend (C) 280.200.240.200.250.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.3.5.2.4.
Initial hold (min)     3.
Final hold (min)     30.
I 1611.1616.1610.81592.1619.
ReferenceVelickovic, Randjelovic, et al., 2002Poligné, Collignan, et al., 2001Svatos, Kalinová, et al., 2001Yang, 2001King, Matthews, et al., 1995
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase Cross-Linked MethylsiliconeUltra-2OV-101OV-101DB-5
Column length (m) 25.50.50.50.60.
Carrier gas HeHe  He
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.320.320.250.250.32
Phase thickness (μm)  0.52  1.0
Tstart (C) 35.40.80.80.40.
Tend (C) 225.250.200.200.240.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.4.2.2.3.
Initial hold (min) 3.3.   
Final hold (min)  30.   
I 1584.1614.1591.1592.1610.
ReferenceBravo and Hotchkiss, 1993King, Hamilton, et al., 1993Tamura, Yang, et al., 1993Tamura, Yang, et al., 1993Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase DB-5CP Sil 8 CBOV-101OV-101OV-101
Column length (m) 60.25.50.50.50.
Carrier gas   NitrogenNitrogenN2
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.200.250.250.25
Phase thickness (μm) 0.25    
Tstart (C) 40.60.70.80.80.
Tend (C) 250.230.200.200.200.
Heat rate (K/min) 2.3.2.2.2.
Initial hold (min) 5.10.   
Final hold (min)      
I 1614.1579.1591.1595.1591.
ReferenceLee, Macku, et al., 1991Jantan and Goh, 1990Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990Yang and Sugisawa, 1990
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase OV-101OV-101OV-101OV-101OV-101
Column length (m) 50.50.50.50.50.
Carrier gas N2N2N2N2 
Substrate      
Column diameter (mm) 0.250.250.250.250.32
Phase thickness (μm)      
Tstart (C) 80.80.80.80.40.
Tend (C) 200.200.200.200.225.
Heat rate (K/min) 2.2.2.2.4.
Initial hold (min)     0.1
Final hold (min)     30.
I 1591.1591.1593.1594.1592.
ReferenceYang and Sugisawa, 1990Sugisawa, Yamamoto, et al., 1989Sugisawa, Yang, et al., 1989Sugisawa, Yang, et al., 1989Stern, Flath, et al., 1985
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI
Column type CapillaryCapillaryCapillary
Active phase OV-101Methyl SiliconeMethyl Silicone
Column length (m) 50.25.25.
Carrier gas    
Substrate    
Column diameter (mm) 0.320.20.2
Phase thickness (μm)    
Tstart (C) 50.80.80.
Tend (C) 225.225.225.
Heat rate (K/min) 4.4.4.
Initial hold (min) 0.1  
Final hold (min) 30.20.20.
I 1591.1592.1595.
ReferenceStern, Flath, et al., 1985Lorenz, Stern, et al., 1983Lorenz, Stern, et al., 1983
Comment MSDC-RI MSDC-RI MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Baharum, Bunawan, et al., 2010
Baharum, S.N.; Bunawan, H.; Ghani, M.A.; Mustafa, W.A.W.; Noor, N.M., Analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oil of Polygonum minus Huds. using two-dimensional gas chromatography - time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS), Molecules, 2010, 15, 10, 7006-7015, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15107006 . [all data]

Bi Kouame, Bedi, et al., 2010
Bi Kouame, F.P.; Bedi, G.; Koffi, A.M.; Chalchat, J.C.; Guessan, T.Y.N., Volatile constituents from leaves of Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae): a medicinal plant from the Ivory Coast, The Open Nat. Prod. J., 2010, 3, 1, 6-9, https://doi.org/10.2174/1874848101003010006 . [all data]

Kahriman, Tosun, et al., 2010
Kahriman, N.; Tosun, G.; Genc, H.; Yayli, N., Comparative essential oil analysis of Geranium sylvaticum estracted by hydrodistillation and microwave distillation, Turk. J. Chem., 2010, 34, 969-976. [all data]

Ogunwande, Flamini, et al., 2010
Ogunwande, I.A.; Flamini, G.; Cioni, P.L.; Omikorede, O.; Azeez, R.A.; Ayodele, A.A.; Kamil, Y.O., Aromatic plants growing in Nigeria: essential oil constituents of Cassia alata (Linn.) Roxb. and Helianthus annuus L., Rec. Nat. Prod., 2010, 4, 4, 211-217. [all data]

Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010
Radulovic, N.; Blagojevic, P.; Palic, R., Comparative study of the leaf volatiles of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. (Ericaceae), Molecules, 2010, 15, 9, 6168-6185, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15096168 . [all data]

Radulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010
Radulovic, N.S.; Dordevic, N.D.; Palic, R.M., Volatiles of Pleurospermum austriacum (L.) Hoffm. (Apiaceae), J. Serbian Chem. Soc., 2010, 75, 12, 1-11, https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC100323127R . [all data]

Silva, Pott, et al., 2010
Silva, D.B.; Pott, A.; Oliveira, D.C.R., Analyses of the headspace volatile constituents of aerial parts (leaves and stems), flowers and fruits of Bidens gardneri Bak. and Bidens sulphurea (Cav.) Sch. Bip. using solid-phase microextraction, J. Essen. Oil Res., 2010, 22, 6, 560-563, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2010.9700400 . [all data]

Ho, Wang, et al., 2009
Ho, C.-L.; Wang, E.I.-C.; Su, Y.-C., Essential oil compositions and bioactivities of the various parts of Cinnamomum camphora Sieb. var. linallolifera Fujuta, Journal title only in Chinese, 2009, 31, 2, 77-96. [all data]

Scrivanti, Anton, et al., 2009
Scrivanti, L.R.; Anton, A.M.; Zygadlo, J.A., Essential oil conposition of Bothriochloa Kuntze (Poaceae) from South America and their chemotaxonomy, Biochem. Systematics Ecol., 2009, 37, 3, 206-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2009.03.009 . [all data]

Wetwiayaklung, Thavanapong, et al., 2009
Wetwiayaklung, P.; Thavanapong, N.; Charoenteeraboon, J., Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity os essential oil and extracts of heartwood of Aquilaria crassna obtained from water distillation and supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction, Silpakorn U Sci. J., 2009, 3, 1, 25-33. [all data]

Forero, Quijano, et al., 2008
Forero, M.D.; Quijano, C.E.; Pino, J.A., Volatile compounds of Chile pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum) at two ripening stages, Flavour Fragr. J., 2008, 24, 1, 25-30, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1913 . [all data]

Lo Presti, Sciarrone, et al., 2008
Lo Presti, M.; Sciarrone, D.; Crupi, M.C.; Costa, R.; Ragusa, S.; Dugo, G.; Mondello, L., Evaliation of the volatile and chiral composition in Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil, Flavour Fragr. J., 2008, 23, 4, 249-257, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1878 . [all data]

Saidana, Mahjoub, et al., 2008
Saidana, D.; Mahjoub, M.A.; Boussaada, O.; Chriaa, J.; Cheraif, I.; Daami, M.; Mighri, Z.; Helal, A.N., Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of volatile compounds of Tamarix boveana (Tamaricaceae), Microbiol. Res., 2008, 163, 4, 445-455, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2006.07.009 . [all data]

Asekun, Olusegun, et al., 2007
Asekun, O.T.; Olusegun, E.; Adebola, O., The volatile constituents of the leaves and flowers of Kigelia africana Benth., Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 1, 21-23, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1723 . [all data]

Marongiu B., Piras A., et al., 2007
Marongiu B.; Piras A.; Porcedda S.; Tuveri E.; Sanjust E.; Meli M.; Sollai F.; Zucca P.; Rescigno A., Supercritical CO2 extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum: Chemical characterization and antityrosinase activity, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 24, 10022-10027, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071938f . [all data]

Pavlovic, Petrovic, et al., 2007
Pavlovic, M.; Petrovic, S.; Ristic, M.; Maksimovic, Z.; Kovacevic, N., Essential oil of filipendula hexapetala, Chem. Natural Compounds, 2007, 43, 2, 228-229, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-007-0088-z . [all data]

Phutdhawong, Kawaree, et al., 2007
Phutdhawong, W.; Kawaree, R.; Sanjaia, S.; Sengpracha, W.; Buddhasukh, D., Microwave-Assisted Isolation of Essential Oil of Cinnamomum iners Reinw. es Bl.: Comparison with Conventional Hydrodistillation, Molecules, 2007, 12, 4, 868-877, https://doi.org/10.3390/12040868 . [all data]

Najafpour Navaei, Mirza, et al., 2006
Najafpour Navaei, M.; Mirza, M.; Dini, M., Chemical composition of the essential oils of Rubia tinctorum L. aerial parts from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 519-520, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1667 . [all data]

Orav, Raal, et al., 2006
Orav, A.; Raal, A.; Arak, E.; Müürisepp, M.; Kailas, T., Composition of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium L. of different geographical origin, Proc. Est. Acad. Sci. Chem., 2006, 55, 3, 155-165. [all data]

Pandey-Rai S., Mallavarapu G.R., et al., 2006
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Pino, Sauri-Duch, et al., 2006
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Schirack, Drake, et al., 2006
Schirack, A.V.; Drake, M.A.; Sander, T.H.; Sandeep, K.P., Characterization of aroma-active compounds in microwave blanched peanuts, J. Food Sci., 2006, 71, 9, c513-c520, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00173.x . [all data]

Marongiu, Piras, et al., 2005
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Rohloff and Bones, 2005
Rohloff, J.; Bones, A.M., Volatile profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana - Putative olfactory compounds in plant communication, Phytochemistry, 2005, 66, 16, 1941-1955, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.06.021 . [all data]

Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2005
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bin Jantan, Ayop, et al., 2004
bin Jantan, I.; Ayop, N.; Mohd Ali, N.A.; Ahmad, A.S.; Yalvema, M.F.; Muhammad, K.; Azizi, A.R., The essential oils of Cinnamomum rhyncophyllum Miq. as natural sources of benzyl benzoate, safrole and methyl (E)-cinnamate, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 3, 260-262, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1301 . [all data]

Malencic, Couladis, et al., 2004
Malencic, Dj.; Couladis, M.; Mimica-Dukic, N.; Popovic, M.; Boza, P., Essential oils of three Salvia species from the Pannonian part of Serbia, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 3, 225-228, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1291 . [all data]

Sarkhail, Amin, et al., 2004
Sarkhail, P.; Amin, G.; Shafiee, A., Composition of the essential oil of Phlomis persica Boiss and Phlomis chorassanica Bunge from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 6, 538-540, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1338 . [all data]

Dhanda, Pegg, et al., 2003
Dhanda, J.S.; Pegg, R.B.; Shand, P.J., Saskatchewan specialty livestock value-added program - Saskatchewan agri-food innovation fund (AFIF) Project #98000016, 2003, retrieved from http://www.agr.gov.sk.ca/afif/Projects/19980016.pdf. [all data]

Sajjadi and Mehregan, 2003
Sajjadi, S.E.; Mehregan, I., Composition of the essential oil of Stachys Iaxa Boiss. Buhse, Iran. J. Pharm. Res., 2003, 57-58. [all data]

Valette, Fernandez, et al., 2003
Valette, L.; Fernandez, X.; Poulain, S.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Levieil, R.; Restier, L., Volatile constituents from Romanesco cauliflower, Food Chem., 2003, 80, 3, 353-358, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00272-8 . [all data]

Gancel, Ollé, et al., 2002
Gancel, A.-L.; Ollé, D.; Ollitrault, P.; Luro, F.; Brillouet, J.-M., Leaf and peel volatile compounds of an interspecific citrus somatic hybrid [Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing. + Citrus paradisi Macfayden], Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 6, 416-424, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1119 . [all data]

Limberger, Simões-Pires, et al., 2002
Limberger, R.P.; Simões-Pires, C.; Sobral, M.; Menu, C.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Henriques, A.T., Essential oils from some Myrceugenia species (Myrtaceae), Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 5, 341-344, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1113 . [all data]

Ruberto, Biondi, et al., 2002
Ruberto, G.; Biondi, D.; Barbagallo, C.; Meli, R.; Savoca, F., Constituents of stem and flower oils of Helichrysum litoreum Guss., Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 1, 46-48, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1037 . [all data]

Velickovic, Randjelovic, et al., 2002
Velickovic, D.T.; Randjelovic, N.V.; Ristic, M.S.; Smelcerovic, A.A.; Velickovic, A.S., Chemical composition and antimicrobial action of the ethanol extracts of Salvia pratensis L., Salvia glutinosa L. and Salvia aethiopis L., J. Serb. Chem. Soc., 2002, 67, 10, 639-646, https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC0210639V . [all data]

Poligné, Collignan, et al., 2001
Poligné, I.; Collignan, A.; Trystram, G., Characterization of traditional processing of pork meat into boucané, Meat Sci., 2001, 59, 4, 377-389, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00090-0 . [all data]

Svatos, Kalinová, et al., 2001
Svatos, A.; Kalinová, B.; Hoskovec, M.; Kindl, J.; Hovorka, O.; Hrdy, I., Identification of Cameraria ohridella sex pheromone and its possible use in horse chestnut protection, IOBC Bull., 2001, 24, 2, 5-12. [all data]

Yang, 2001
Yang, R., Volatile compounds in peel oil of Citrus sudachi, Food Sci. (Beijing), 2001, 22, 3, 71-73. [all data]

King, Matthews, et al., 1995
King, M.-F.; Matthews, M.A.; Rule, D.C.; Field, R.A., Effect of beef packaging method on volatile compounds developed by oven roasting or microwave cooking, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 3, 773-778, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00051a039 . [all data]

Bravo and Hotchkiss, 1993
Bravo, A.; Hotchkiss, J.H., Identification of volatile compounds resulting from the thermal oxidation of polyethylene, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1993, 47, 10, 1741-1748, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070471004 . [all data]

King, Hamilton, et al., 1993
King, M.-F.; Hamilton, B.L.; Matthews, M.A.; Rule, D.C.; Field, R.A., Isolation and identification of volatiles and condensable material in raw beef with supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 11, 1974-1981, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a030 . [all data]

Tamura, Yang, et al., 1993
Tamura, H.; Yang, R.-H.; Sugisawa, H., Aroma profiles of peel oils of acid citrus, ACS Sym. Ser., 1993, 525, 121-136. [all data]

Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991
Berdague, J.-L.; Denoyer, C.; Le Quéré, J.-L.; Semon, E., Volatile components of dry-cured ham, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 7, 1257-1261, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00007a012 . [all data]

Lee, Macku, et al., 1991
Lee, S.-R.; Macku, C.; Shibamoto, T., Isolation and identification of headspace volatiles formed in heated butter, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 11, 1972-1975, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00011a017 . [all data]

Jantan and Goh, 1990
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Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990
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Notes

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