Nonanoic acid
- Formula: C9H18O2
- Molecular weight: 158.2380
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 112-05-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: n-Nonanoic acid; n-Nonoic acid; n-Nonylic acid; Nonoic acid; Nonylic acid; Pelargic acid; Pelargonic acid; 1-Octanecarboxylic acid; Cirrasol 185a; Emfac 1202; Hexacid C-9; Pelargon; Emery 1203; 1-Nonanoic acid; NSC 62787; n-Pelargonic acid; Emery 1202 (Salt/Mix)
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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | FFAP | RTX-Wax | VF-Wax MS | CP-Wax | HP-Innowax |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 50. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.20 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.20 |
Tstart (C) | 45. | 60. | 60. | 50. | 45. |
Tend (C) | 220. | 230. | 220. | 230. | 190. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 5. | 2. | 3. | 6. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 1. | 5. | 2. | 2. | |
Final hold (min) | 5. | 30. | 25. | 15. | 50. |
I | 2145. | 2119. | 2174. | 2178. | 2152. |
Reference | Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 2011 | Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010 | Duarte, Dias, et al., 2010 | Mo, Fan, et al., 2009 | Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | CP-Wax 52CB | Stabilwax | RTX-Wax | BP-20 | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | Helium | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 50. | 40. | 40. | 70. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 220. | 240. | 220. | 220. | 230. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 3. | 10. | 4. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 5. | 5. | 4. | 2. |
Final hold (min) | 20. | 10. | 10. | 5. | 5. |
I | 2163. | 2173. | 2146. | 2181. | 2168. |
Reference | Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007 | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007 | Prososki, Etzel, et al., 2007 | Rawat, Gulati, et al., 2007 | Xu, Fan, et al., 2007 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | Carbowax 20M | ZB-Wax | ZB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 50. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | Helium | Helium | Helium |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 230. | 230. | 190. | 250. | 250. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 4. | 5. | 5. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 2. | 2. | 2. | 2. |
Final hold (min) | 5. | 15. | 30. | 5. | 5. |
I | 2168. | 2168. | 2153. | 2169. | 2170. |
Reference | Xu, Fan, et al., 2007 | Fan and Qian, 2006 | de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005 | N/A | N/A |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | ZB-Wax | ZB-Wax | ZB-Wax | ZB-Wax | ZB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 250. | 250. | 250. | 250. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 2. | 2. | 2. | 2. |
Final hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. |
I | 2176. | 2180. | 2182. | 2198. | 2210. |
Reference | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | ZB-Wax | DB-Wax | HP-Innowax | Stabilwax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 50. | 60. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | N2 | He | Helium | H2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 70. | 45. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 230. | 190. | 240. | 230. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 5. | 2. | 4. | 3. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 2. | 2. | 5. | 5. |
Final hold (min) | 10. | 20. | 50. | 10. | 25. |
I | 2176. | 2196. | 2211. | 2173. | 2165. |
Reference | Wu, Krings, et al., 2005 | Choi, 2004 | Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004 | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003 | Dregus and Engel, 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | TC-Wax | Innowax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 30. | 30. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | N2 | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Tstart (C) | 80. | 60. | 30. | 30. | 70. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 220. | 250. | 250. | 230. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 4. | 4. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 10. | 1. | 1. | ||
Final hold (min) | 30. | 10. | |||
I | 2150. | 2192. | 2172. | 2173. | 2196. |
Reference | Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003 | Suleimenov, Atazharova, et al., 2003 | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | Tu, Thanh, et al., 2002 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-Wax | TC-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 30. | 60. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 80. | 50. | 30. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 200. | 250. | 220. | 170. | 180. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 4. | 4. | 2. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 3. | 4. | ||
Final hold (min) | 47. | 30. | 40. | ||
I | 2155. | 2165. | 2149. | 2175. | 2167. |
Reference | Umano, Hagi, et al., 2002 | Miyazawa, Kurose, et al., 2001 | Weckerle, Bastl-Borrmann, et al., 2001 | Buttery, Light, et al., 2000 | Lee and Shibamoto, 2000 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | HP Innowax FSP |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Tstart (C) | 50. | 50. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Tend (C) | 240. | 240. | 210. | 210. | 220. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 4. | 4. | |
Initial hold (min) | 3. | 3. | 10. | ||
Final hold (min) | 10. | 10. | 10. | ||
I | 2124. | 2153. | 2137. | 2130. | 2192. |
Reference | Parada, Duque, et al., 2000 | Parada, Duque, et al., 2000 | Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999 | Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999 | Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Innowax | HP-Innowax | HP-Innowax | HP-Innowax FSC | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Tstart (C) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Tend (C) | 220. | 220. | 220. | 220. | 180. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 2. | |||
Initial hold (min) | 10. | 10. | 10. | 10. | |
Final hold (min) | 10. | ||||
I | 2192. | 2192. | 2192. | 2192. | 2165. |
Reference | Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 2 | Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3 | Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3 | Tümen, Baser, et al., 1998 | Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | PEG-20M | TC-Wax | PEG-20M | PEG-20M | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 50. | 60. | 50. | 50. | 60. |
Carrier gas | Nitrogen | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.15 | ||
Tstart (C) | 60. | 80. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Tend (C) | 180. | 240. | 180. | 180. | 220. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 3. | 2. | 2. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 4. | 4. | 4. | |
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 2127. | 2180. | 2123. | 2127. | 2194. |
Reference | Kubota, Matsujage, et al., 1996 | Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996 | Togari, Kobayashi, et al., 1995 | Togari, Kobayashi, et al., 1995 | Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-Wax | Carbowax 20M | Carbowax 20M |
Column length (m) | 30. | 50. | 150. |
Carrier gas | He | ||
Substrate | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.31 | 0.64 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||
Tstart (C) | 60. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 240. | 210. | 170. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 3. | 1. |
Initial hold (min) | 10. | 30. | |
Final hold (min) | |||
I | 2131. | 2140. | 2200. |
Reference | Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992 | Habu, Flath, et al., 1985 | Buttery, Parker, et al., 1981 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 2011
Piyachaiseth, T.; Jirapakkul, W.; Chaiseri, S.,
Aroma compounds of flash-fried rice,
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.), 2011, 45, 717-729. [all data]
Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010
Dib, M.ElA.; Djabou, N.; Desjobert, L.-M.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Muselli, A.; Costa, J.,
Characterization of volatile compounds of Daucus crinitus Desf. headspace solid phase microextraction as alternative technique to hydrodistillation,
Chem, Centr. J., 2010, 4, 16, 1-15. [all data]
Duarte, Dias, et al., 2010
Duarte, W.F.; Dias, D.R.; Oliveira, J.M.; Teixeira, J.A.; de Almeida e Silva, J.B.; Schwan, R.F.,
Characterization of different fruit wines made from cacao,cupuassu, gabiroba, jaboticaba and umbu,
Food Sci. Technol., 2010, 43, 1564-1572. [all data]
Mo, Fan, et al., 2009
Mo, X.; Fan, W.; Xu, Y.,
Changes in volatile compounds of Chinese rice wine wheat qu during fermentation and storage,
J. of the Institute of Brewing, 2009, 115, 4, 300-307, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2050-0416.2009.tb00385.x
. [all data]
Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Sanz, J.; Martinez-Castro, I.,
SPME followed by GC-MS: a powerful technique for qualitative analysis of honey volatiles,
Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2008, 1-12. [all data]
Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007
Audino, P.G.; Alzogaray, R.A.; Vassena, C.; Masuh, H.; Fontán, A.; Gatti, P.; Martínez, A.; Camps, F.; Cork, A.; Zerba, E.,
Volatile compounds secreted by Brindley's glands of adult Triatoma infestans: identification and biological activity of previously unidentified compounds,
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Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007
Cros, S.; Vandanjon, L.; Jaouen, P.; Bourseau, P.,
Processing of Industrial Mussel Cooking Juices by Reverse Osmotis: Pollution Abatement and Aromas Recovery, 2007, retrieved from title of Internet file: [imstec064]. [all data]
Prososki, Etzel, et al., 2007
Prososki, R.A.; Etzel, M.R.; Rankin, S.A.,
Solvent type affects the number, distribution, and relative quantities of volatile compounds found in sweet whey powder,
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Rawat, Gulati, et al., 2007
Rawat, R.; Gulati, A.; Babu, G.D.K.; Acharya, R.; Kaul, V.K.; Singh, B.,
Characterization of volatile components of Kangra orthodox black tea by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
Food Chem., 2007, 105, 1, 229-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.071
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Xu, Fan, et al., 2007
Xu, Y.; Fan, W.; Qian, M.C.,
Characterization of Aroma Compounds in Apple Cider Using Solvent-Assisted Flavor Evaporation and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction,
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Fan and Qian, 2006
Fan, W.; Qian, M.C.,
Characterization of Aroma Compounds of Chinese Wuliangye and Jiannanchun Liquors by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis,
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de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005
de la Fuente, E.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J.,
Characterization of Spanish unifloral honeys by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
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Wu, Krings, et al., 2005
Wu, S.; Krings, U.; Zorn, H.; Berger, R.G.,
Volatile compounds from the fruiting bodies of beefsteak fungus Fistulina hepatica (Schaeffer: Fr.) Fr.,
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Choi, 2004
Choi, H.-S.,
Volatile constituents of satsuma mandarins growing in Korea,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 5, 406-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1283
. [all data]
Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004
Soria, A.C.; Gonzalez, M.; de Lorenzo, C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanza, J.,
Characterization of artisanal honeys from Madrid (Central Spain) on the basis of their melissopalynological, physicochemical and volatile composition data,
Food Chem., 2004, 85, 1, 121-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.06.012
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Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003
Cros, S.; Vandanjon, L.; Jaouen, P.; Bourseau, P.,
IMSTEC'03 Conference Proceedings, Processing of industrial mussel cooking juices by reverse osmosis: pollution abatement and aromas recovery, Universoty of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 2003, 6. [all data]
Dregus and Engel, 2003
Dregus, M.; Engel, K.-H.,
Volatile constituents of uncooked Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum L.) stalks,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 22, 6530-6536, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030399l
. [all data]
Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003
Miyazawa, M.; Okuno, Y.,
Volatile components from the roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 398-400, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1232
. [all data]
Suleimenov, Atazharova, et al., 2003
Suleimenov, E.M.; Atazharova, G.A.; Demirchi, B.; Baser, K.H.C.; Adekenov, S.M.,
Essential oil composition of Artemisia Lercheana and A. Sieversiana of Kazakhstan flora
in Recent problems of development of new medicines of natural origin, Proceedings of symposium, St.Petersburg - Pushkin, 2003, 382-385. [all data]
Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003
Tanaka, T.; Yamauchi, T.; Katsumata, R.; Kiuchi, K.,
Comparison of volatile components in commercial Itohiki-Natto by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography,
Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 2003, 50, 6, 278-285, https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk.50.278
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Tu, Thanh, et al., 2002
Tu, N.T.M.; Thanh, L.X.; Une, A.; Ukeda, H.; Sawamura, M.,
Volatile constituents of Vietnamese pummelo, orange, tangerine and lime peel oils,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 3, 169-174, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1076
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Umano, Hagi, et al., 2002
Umano, K.; Hagi, Y.; Shibamoto, T.,
Volatile chemicals identified in extracts from newly hybrid citrus, dekopon (Shiranuhi mandarin Suppl. J.),
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Miyazawa, Kurose, et al., 2001
Miyazawa, M.; Kurose, K.; Itoh, A.; Hiraoka, N.,
Comparison of the essential oils of Glehnia littoralis from Northern and Southern Japan,
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Weckerle, Bastl-Borrmann, et al., 2001
Weckerle, B.; Bastl-Borrmann, R.; Richling, E.; Hör, K.; Ruff, C.; Schreier, P.,
Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus indica) flavour constituents - chiral evaluation (MDGC-MS) and isotope ratio (HRGC-IRMS) analysis,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 5, 360-363, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1012
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Buttery, Light, et al., 2000
Buttery, R.G.; Light, D.M.; Nam, Y.; Merrill, G.B.; Roitman, J.N.,
Volatile components of green walnut husks,
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Lee and Shibamoto, 2000
Lee, K.-G.; Shibamoto, T.,
Antioxidant properties of aroma compounds isolated from soybeans and mung beans,
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Parada, Duque, et al., 2000
Parada, F.; Duque, C.; Fujimoto, Y.,
Free and bound volatile composition and characterization of some glucoconjugates as aroma precursors in Melón de olor fruit pulp (Sicana odorifera),
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Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999
Iwatsuki, K.; Mizota, Y.; Kubota, T.; Nishimura, O.; Masuda, H.; Sotoyama, K.; Tomita, M.,
Aroma extract dilution analysis. Evluation of aroma of pasteurized and UHT processed milk by aroma extract dilution analysis,
Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 1999, 46, 9, 587-597, https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk.46.587
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Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999
Kaya, A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Koca, F.,
Essential oils of Acinos troodi (Post) Leblebici subsp. vardaranus Leblebici and subsp. grandiflorus Hartvig Strid,
Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 50-54, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<50::AID-FFJ783>3.0.CO;2-7
. [all data]
Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 2
Kaya, A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Demirci, B.; Koca, F.,
The essential oil of Acinos alpinus (L.) Moench growing in Turkey,
Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 55-59, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<55::AID-FFJ784>3.0.CO;2-Q
. [all data]
Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3
Kaya, A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Tümen, G.; Koca, F.,
The essential oil of Acinos suaveolens (Sm.) G. Don fil. Acinos arvensis (Lam.) Dandy and Acinos rotundifolius Pers. growing wild in Turkey,
Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 60-64, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<60::AID-FFJ785>3.0.CO;2-0
. [all data]
Tümen, Baser, et al., 1998
Tümen, G.; Baser, K.H.C.; Demirci, B.; Ermin, N.,
The essential oils of Satureja coerulea Janka and Thymus aznavourii Velen.,
Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 1, 65-67, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199801/02)13:1<65::AID-FFJ695>3.0.CO;2-Q
. [all data]
Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997
Sekiwa, Y.; Kubota, K.; Kobayashi, A.,
Characteristic flavor components in the brew of cooked clam (Meretrix lusoria) and the effect of storage on flavor formation,
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Notes
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- Symbols used in this document:
Tend Final temperature Tstart Initial temperature - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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