Butanoic acid

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-475.9 ± 4.0kJ/molN/ALebedeva, 1964Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of -533.92±0.59 kj/mol from Lebedeva, 1964 and ΔvapH° value of 58±4 kj/mol from missing citation.; DRB
Δfgas-475.9 ± 4.0kJ/molCcbLebedeva, 1964Value computed using ΔfHliquid° from Lebedeva, 1964 and ΔvapH° value of 58. kJ/mol from Konicek and Wadso, 1970.; DRB
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas353.26J/mol*KN/AStull D.R., 1969See [ Stull D.R., 1969], acrylic acid, C3H4O2.; GT

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid-533.92 ± 0.59kJ/molCcbLebedeva, 1964ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-2183.5 ± 0.59kJ/molCcbLebedeva, 1964Corresponding Δfliquid = -533.84 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid225.3J/mol*KN/AMartin and Andon, 1982DH
liquid226.4J/mol*KN/AParks, Kelley, et al., 1929Extrapolation below 90 K, 53.6 J/mol*K. Revision of previous data.; DH
liquid255.2J/mol*KN/AParks and Anderson, 1926Extrapolation below 90 K, 82.42 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
177.7298.15Martin and Andon, 1982T = 13 to 450 K. Data also given by equation.; DH
178.298.15Konicek and Wadso, 1971DH
176.1290.7Parks and Anderson, 1926T = 89 to 291292 to 448 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
176.1298.von Reis, 1881T = 292 to 448 K.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil436. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 53 out of 57 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus267.6KN/ARadwan and Hanna, 1976Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Tfus267.8KN/ACostello and Bowden, 1958Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Tfus267.89KN/ADreisbach and Martin, 1949Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC
Tfus267.KN/ATimmermans, 1935Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple267.97KN/AWilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC
Ttriple268.03KN/AMartin and Andon, 1982, 2Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; type of transition uncertain; TRC
Ttriple267.4KN/AParks and Anderson, 1926, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc615.2KN/AAndereya and Chase, 1990Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Tc624.KN/AAmbrose and Ghiassee, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tc631.77KN/AD'Souza and Teja, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2.5 K; Ambrose's procedure; TRC
Tc627.90KN/ABrown, 1906Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 6. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc40.64barN/AAndereya and Chase, 1990Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.60 bar; TRC
Pc39.50barN/AAmbrose and Ghiassee, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.50 bar; TRC
Pc40.9407barN/AD'Souza and Teja, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.90 bar; Ambrose's procedure; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap59. ± 2.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
52.5399.N/AClifford, Ramjugernath, et al., 2004Based on data from 384. - 435. K.; AC
50.3406.EBMuñoz and Krähenbühl, 2001Based on data from 391. - 429. K.; AC
58.5 ± 0.3293.GSVerevkin, 2000Based on data from 278. - 308. K.; AC
47.7452.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 437. - 592. K.; AC
51.1316.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 301. - 358. K.; AC
53.2370.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 355. - 453. K. See also Dykyj, 1971.; AC
52.378.N/ADreisbach and Shrader, 1949Based on data from 363. - 436. K. See also Dreisbach and Martin, 1949, 2 and Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
293. - 423.6.109542634.471-3.471Jasper and Miller, 1955Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
364.07 - 436.404.909041793.898-70.564Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
76.0 ± 1.5248.TE,MECalis-Van Ginkel, Calis, et al., 1978Based on data from 238. - 255. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
11.07264.7Acree, 1991AC
11.59268.Martin and Andon, 1982AC
11.071267.4Parks and Anderson, 1926DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
41.40267.4Parks and Anderson, 1926DH

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
1.040155. - 230.crystaline, IIcrystaline, IMartin and Andon, 1982DH
11.590268.03crystaline, IliquidMartin and Andon, 1982DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
5.06155. - 230.crystaline, IIcrystaline, IMartin and Andon, 1982DH
43.24268.03crystaline, IliquidMartin and Andon, 1982DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C4H7O2- + Hydrogen cation = Butanoic acid

By formula: C4H7O2- + H+ = C4H8O2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1451. ± 8.4kJ/molTDEqNorrman and McMahon, 1999gas phase; B
Δr1450. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSCaldwell, Renneboog, et al., 1989gas phase; B
Δr1450. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSCumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1420. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECaldwell, Renneboog, et al., 1989gas phase; B
Δr1420. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B

2Hydrogen + 3-Butynoic acid = Butanoic acid

By formula: 2H2 + C4H4O2 = C4H8O2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-292.0 ± 0.84kJ/molChydFlitcroft and Skinner, 1958solid phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -303. ± 4.6 kJ/mol; ALS

NO3 anion + Water + Butanoic acid = C4H10NO6-

By formula: NO3- + H2O + C4H8O2 = C4H10NO6-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15.9 ± 0.84kJ/molIMREViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase; B

CO3 + Water + Butanoic acid = C5H10O6-

By formula: CO3 + H2O + C4H8O2 = C5H10O6-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15.1 ± 0.84kJ/molIMREViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase; B

NO3 anion + Butanoic acid = C4H8NO5-

By formula: NO3- + C4H8O2 = C4H8NO5-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr53.56 ± 0.84kJ/molIMREViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase; B

Nitrogen oxide anion + Butanoic acid = C4H8NO4-

By formula: NO2- + C4H8O2 = C4H8NO4-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr55.65 ± 0.84kJ/molIMREViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase; B

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference
4700. MN/A
1900. QN/A
1900. MN/A

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C4H8O2+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)10.17 ± 0.05eVN/AN/AL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
10.17 ± 0.05PIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982LBLHLM
10.24EIHolmes, Fingas, et al., 1981LLK
10.24EIHolmes and Lossing, 1980LLK
10.46PEWatanabe, Yokoyama, et al., 1973LLK
10.16 ± 0.05PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
10.38PEBenoit and Harrison, 1977Vertical value; LLK
10.22PESustmann and Trill, 1972Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C2H4+11.5 ± 0.1C2H4O2PIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C2H4O2+10.42 ± 0.05C2H4PIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C2H4O2+10.60C2H4EIHolmes and Lossing, 1980LLK
C2H5+11.6 ± 0.1C2H3O2PIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C2H402+10.60 ± 0.05C2H4EIHolmes and Lossing, 1980, 2LLK
C3H5O2+10.5 ± 0.1CH3PIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C3H6+11.4 ± 0.1CH2O2PIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C3H7+10.96 ± 0.05COOHPIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM
C4H7O+11.8 ± 0.1OHPIPECOButler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982T = 298K; LBLHLM

De-protonation reactions

C4H7O2- + Hydrogen cation = Butanoic acid

By formula: C4H7O2- + H+ = C4H8O2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1451. ± 8.4kJ/molTDEqNorrman and McMahon, 1999gas phase; B
Δr1450. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSCaldwell, Renneboog, et al., 1989gas phase; B
Δr1450. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSCumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1420. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECaldwell, Renneboog, et al., 1989gas phase; B
Δr1420. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; B

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

Nitrogen oxide anion + Butanoic acid = C4H8NO4-

By formula: NO2- + C4H8O2 = C4H8NO4-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr55.65 ± 0.84kJ/molIMREViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase

NO3 anion + Butanoic acid = C4H8NO5-

By formula: NO3- + C4H8O2 = C4H8NO5-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr53.56 ± 0.84kJ/molIMREViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase

NO3 anion + Water + Butanoic acid = C4H10NO6-

By formula: NO3- + H2O + C4H8O2 = C4H10NO6-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15.9 ± 0.84kJ/molIMREViidanoja, Reiner, et al., 2000gas phase

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-IW- 362
NIST MS number 228230

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Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), NIST Free Links, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-101828.Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101834.Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1576.Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 19892. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1576.Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1581.Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1628.Rezende and Fraga, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(5min) => 5C/min => 150C => 8C/min => 240C(25min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-5789.Engel and Ratel, 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryHP-5790.Quijano, Salamanca, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillarySE-54823.Schlutt B., Moran N., et al., 2007He, 40. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryDB-5MS822.Schwambach and Peterson, 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-5MS850.Whetstine M.E.C., Drake M.A., et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 45. min
CapillaryDB-5MS840.Carunchia Whetstine, Croissant, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5824.Colahan-Sederstrom and Peterson, 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 6. min
CapillaryHP-5831.Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-5848.Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-5841.Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-5MS790.Pino, Mesa, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5844.Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryZB-5820.Bell, 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 7. K/min, 265. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryZB-5823.Gocmen, Gurbuz, et al., 20040. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 7. K/min, 265. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS818.Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillarySPB-5780.Píno, Marbot, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5MS804.Karagül-Yüceer, Vlahovich, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-5818.Peterson and Reineccius, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 4. min
CapillaryDB-5818.Peterson and Reineccius, 2003, 230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 4. min
CapillarySPB-5780.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5834.Valim, Rouseff, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 7. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 275. C
CapillaryDB-5826.Karagül-Yüceer, Cadwallader, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB856.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS820.Bruna, Hierro, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-5802.Karagül-Yüceer, Drake, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillarySPB-5795.Verdier-Metz., Coulon, et al., 199860. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-1778.Specht and Baltes, 199460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5822.Escudero, Campo, et al., 2007Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54821.Schuh and Schieberle, 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 6C/min => 150C => 20C/min => 230C
CapillaryDB-5815.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5817.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5812.Klesk, Qian, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C (2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5808.Klesk and Qian, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryDB-1780.Place, Imhof, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 35C(5min) => 10C/min => 45C (5min) => 5C/min => 250C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5815.Jezussek, Juliano, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 40C/min => 50C(2min) => 6C/min => 240C
CapillaryDB-5821.Zehentbauer and Reineccius, 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35 C (2 min) 40 C/min -> 50 C (2 min) 4 C/min -> 230 C
CapillaryDB-5MS790.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C (5min) => 2C/min => 200C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)
CapillaryDB-1826.Eri, Khoo, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -20C (5min) => 10C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 280C
CapillaryDB-1830.Eri, Khoo, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -20C (5min) => 10C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 280C
CapillaryDB-5829.Munk, Munch, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 50C (1min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C (5min)
CapillaryDB-1814.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 8C/min => 200(1min) => 5C/min => 300C(25min)
CapillarySE-54821.Tairu, Hofmann, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C (5min) => 10C/min => 230C (5min)
CapillarySE-54835.Zimmermann and Schieberle, 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 180C 20C/min => 240C(10min)
CapillarySE-54821.Buettner and Schieberle, 199930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 50C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillarySE-54820.Derail, Hofmann, et al., 199930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 50C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryRTX-5785.Heiler and Schieberle, 199730. m/0.53 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54821.Münch, Hofmann, et al., 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (2min) => 40C/min => 50C (2min) => 240C (10min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone823.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Program: not specified
PackedSE-30823.Peng, Ding, et al., 1988Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1637.Botelho, Caldeira, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 3.5 K/min, 180. C @ 25. min
CapillaryInnowax1644.Botelho, Caldeira, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 45. C @ 5. min, 3.5 K/min, 210. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-FFAP1624.Jarunrattanasri, Theerakulkait, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 225. C @ 30. min
CapillaryFFAP1653.Lozano P.R., Drake M., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
CapillaryFFAP1625.Lozano P.R., Miracle E.R., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
CapillaryHP-20M1576.Politeo, Jukic, et al., 200750. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, Helium, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 180. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1637.Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1637.Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryFFAP1620.Schlutt B., Moran N., et al., 2007He, 40. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryFFAP1620.Steinhaus and Schieberle, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1644.Gurbuz O., Rouseff J.M., et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 7. K/min, 265. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryInnowax1614.Lee, Lee, et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1607.Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1647.Petka, Ferreira, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 8. min
CapillaryDB-FFAP1613.Schwambach and Peterson, 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 4. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1663.Whetstine M.E.C., Drake M.A., et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillaryOV-3511625.Bonvehí, 200550. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1661.Carunchia Whetstine, Croissant, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1650.Carunchia Whetstine, Croissant, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101576.Chung, Fung, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 195. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-FFAP1628.Colahan-Sederstrom and Peterson, 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 6. min
CapillaryStabilwax1652.Fang and Qian, 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1647.Malliaa, Fernandez-Garcia, et al., 200560. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 45. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101620.Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1599.Verzera, Campisi, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1610.Whetstine, Cadwallader, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1652.Wu, Zorn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1647.Wu, Zorn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1624.Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1624.Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1633.Bell, 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 7. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1617.Ferrari, Lablanquie, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, He, 80. C @ 4. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1616.Gocmen, Gurbuz, et al., 20040. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 7. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryZB-Wax1637.Ledauphin, Saint-Clair, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 1.8 K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1645.Mahajan, Goddik, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax Etr1607.Ménager, Jost, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1613.Varming, Petersen, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 25. min
CapillaryOV-3511625.Bonvehi and Coll, 200350. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1604.Chyau, Ko, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryDB-FFAP1616.Karagül-Yüceer, Vlahovich, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1627.Peterson and Reineccius, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 6. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1628.Valim, Rouseff, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 7. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryDB-FFAP1624.Karagül-Yüceer, Cadwallader, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-FFAP1604.Karagül-Yüceer, Cadwallader, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-FFAP1613.Zhou, Wintersteen, et al., 200215. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1606.Karagül-Yüceer, Drake, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1599.Verzera, Campisi, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-FFAP1637.Charles, Martin, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1623.Moio, Piombino, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1624.Moio, Piombino, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1666.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryFFAP1646.Stephan and Steinhart, 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1624.Cha, Kim, et al., 199860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1623.Moio and Addeo, 199830. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1624.Moio and Addeo, 199830. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1624.Moio and Addeo, 199830. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1623.Ott, Fay, et al., 199730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1631.Shimoda, Peralta, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1631.Shimoda, Wu, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1635.Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 199560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1625.Iwaoka, Hagi, et al., 1994He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1630.Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 199360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1630.Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 199360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1598.Humpf and Schreier, 199130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1598.Krammer, Winterhalter, et al., 199130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryCP-Wax 58CB1606.Pabst, Barron, et al., 199130. m/0.25 mm/0.22 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 220. C
PackedCarbowax 20M1600.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Supelcoport, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min; Column length: 3.05 m; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1596.Suárez, Duque, et al., 199130. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1599.Suárez, Duque, et al., 199130. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1598.Suárez, Duque, et al., 199130. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1600.Suárez, Duque, et al., 199130. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1598.Fröhlich, Duque, et al., 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1602.Fröhlich, Duque, et al., 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1591.Schwab, Mahr, et al., 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1627.Chen, Kuo, et al., 1986He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 40. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-101630.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1641.Escudero, Campo, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 4C/min => 100C6C/min => 136C => 3C/min => 220C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1620.Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 200625. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 40C/min => 60C(1min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 240C
CapillaryStabilwax1627.Natali N., Chinnici F., et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 3C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 240C(10min)
CapillaryFFAP1625.Schuh and Schieberle, 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 6C/min => 150C => 20C/min => 230C
CapillaryDB-Wax1622.Selli, Canbas, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C (20min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1622.Selli, Canbas, et al., 2006, 230. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C(20min)
CapillaryFFAP1629.Fritsch and Schieberle, 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryFFAP1657.Ranau and Steinhart, 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(3min) => 3C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 220C (13.5min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1625.Schuh and Schieberle, 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 6C/min => 150C => 20C/min => 230C
CapillaryStabilwax1648.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryStabilwax1663.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1620.Ferrari, Lablanquie, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(0.7min) => 20C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 240C
CapillaryStabilwax1650.Klesk, Qian, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C (2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1622.Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C (20min)
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1635.Verzera, Ziino, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 10C/min => 80C => 2C/min => 240C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1670.Boido, Lloret, et al., 200325. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C (8min) => 3C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 230C
CapillaryDB-FFAP1618.Huynh-Ba, Matthey-Doret, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C (10min)
CapillaryStabilwax1650.Klesk and Qian, 200330. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryFFAP1617.Fuhrmann and Grosch, 200225. m/0.32 mm/0.3 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 5C/min => 170C => 20C/min => 240C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1625.Jezussek, Juliano, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 40C/min => 50C(2min) => 6C/min => 240C
CapillaryFFAP1618.Kirchhoff and Schieberle, 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 60C/min => 50C (2min) => 6C/min => 240C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1618.Kirchhoff and Schieberle, 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 60C/min => 50C (2min) => 6C/min => 240C (10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1610.Nurgel, Erten, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C (3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C (20min)
CapillaryFFAP1625.Rhlid, Fleury, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C(10min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1629.Zehentbauer and Reineccius, 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35 0C (2 min) 40 K/min -> 60 0C (2 min) 6 K/min -> 230 0C
CapillaryDB-Wax1599.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60C (3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1611.Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min)
CapillaryFFAP1618.Kirchhoff and Schieberle, 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 240C(10min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1622.Rychlik and Bosset, 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 5C/min => 240C
CapillaryDB-Wax1627.Ziegleder, 2001He; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 45C(4min) => 30C/min => 60C (5min) => 3C/min => 220C (40min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1597.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 K/min -> 220 0C 5 K/min -> 250 0C (15 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1594.Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000, 230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1599.Munk, Munch, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C (5min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1600.Munk, Munch, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C (5min)
CapillaryFFAP1612.Tairu, Hofmann, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C (5min) => 10C/min => 230C (5min)
CapillaryFFAP1633.Zimmermann and Schieberle, 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 180C 20C/min => 240C(10min)
CapillaryFFAP1622.Buettner and Schieberle, 199930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1614.Derail, Hofmann, et al., 199930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1621.Kubícková and Grosch, 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1612.Münch, Hofmann, et al., 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 240C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1640.Yasuhara, 198750. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C (5min) => 2C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 210C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5784.Cais-Sokolinska, Majcher, et al., 201125. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryVF-5 MS803.Leffingwell and Alford, 201160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryVF-5 MS803.Leffingwell and Alford, 201160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryDB-5 MS793.Majcher, Lawrowski, et al., 201025. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-5 MS793.Pino, Marquez, et al., 201030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillarySE-54821.Laselan, Buettner, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 0. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-5856.Mallia, Escher, et al., 200960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5 MS763.Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 70. C
CapillaryHP-5786.Mildner-Szkudlarz and Jelen, 200810. m/0.10 mm/0.40 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 280. C @ 1. min
CapillaryRTX-5791.Berdague, Tournayre, et al., 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 205. C @ 5. min
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane779.Ramirez R. and Cava R., 200730. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5804.Xu, Fan, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5795.Fan and Qian, 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryMDN-5805.van Loon, Linssen, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min
CapillaryOV-101824.Zenkevich, 200525. m/0.20 mm/0.10 μm, N2/He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillarySPB-5769.Sebastian, Viallon-Fernandez, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillarySPB-1802.Vichi, Castellote, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryRSL-200779.Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillarySPB-5775.Pérès, Begnaud, et al., 200260. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 5. min
CapillaryAT-1809.Kelling, 2001He, 50. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryRSL-200778.Ngassoum, Jirovetz, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5MS825.Suriyaphan, Drake, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min
CapillaryDB-5821.Czerny and Grosch, 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-5784.García, Martín, et al., 200060. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-5829.Kotseridis and Baumes, 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5829.Kotseridis and Baumes, 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
CapillaryOV-101803.Tamura, Boonbumrung, et al., 2000Nitrogen, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryBP-5796.Lopez, Ferreira, et al., 199950. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryDB-5783.Meynier, Novelli, et al., 199930. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryUltra 1780.Farkas, Sádecká, et al., 199750. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 1. min, 1.7 K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-5779.Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-5784.Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
CapillaryUltra-2783.King, Matthews, et al., 199550. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
CapillaryUltra-2803.King, Hamilton, et al., 199350. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-1795.Habu, Flath, et al., 19853. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 250. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySLB-5 MS773.Mondello, 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillarySLB-5 MS777.Mondello, 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups789.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups802.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5 MS790.Pino, Marquez, et al., 201030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5821.San-Juan, Petka, et al., 201030. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 100 0C 6 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min)
CapillarySE-54821.Christlbauer and Schieberle, 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (2 min) 10 0C/min -> 50 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 250 0C
CapillaryHP-5788.Pugliese, Sirtori, et al., 200950. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5781.Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min)
CapillaryHP-5780.Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 200850. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
CapillaryDB-5821.Buettner, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryDB-5821.Greger and Schieberle, 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 7C/min => 110C => 5C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C(10min)
CapillarySE-54821.Lasekan, Buettner, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillarySE-54821.Lasekan, Buettner, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryHP-1804.Senger-Emonnot, Rochard, et al., 200650. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 130C => 4C/min => 250C (25min)
CapillaryHP-5820.Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54821.Buettner, 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 50C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryHP-1823.Carpino, Mallia, et al., 200425. m/0.2 mm/0.11 μm; Program: 35C(3min) => 4C/min => 190C => 30C/min => 225C(3min)
CapillaryHP-5788.Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 200450. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min)
CapillaryDB-5788.Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 250. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
CapillarySE-30800.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1786.Alves and Franco, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(10min) => 2C/min => 110C => 5C/min => 200C(10min)
CapillarySPB-5779.Begnaud, Pérès, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5 MS814.Luo and Agnew, 200130. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5784.Young and Baumeister, 199930. m/0.53 mm/1. μm; Program: -40C(10min) => 70C/min => 40C(5min) => 3C/min => 180C => 6C/min => 280C(5min)
CapillaryHP-5792.Timón, Ventanas, et al., 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 35 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min) 5 0C/min -> 230 0C (50 min)
CapillaryDB-5784.Mateo, Aguirrezábal, et al., 199750. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C(10min)
CapillarySE-54821.Schermann and Schieberle, 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C
CapillaryDB-5789.Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 199650. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5791.Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 199650. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min)
CapillaryDB-1797.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1797.Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 199360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 3 min at 5 C; 5 - 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 - 220 C at 5 deg/min
CapillarySE-54793.Um, Bailey, et al., 1992He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C 2 0C/min -> 250 0C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-FFAP1648.Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 999925. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1612.Onishi, Inoue, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryFFAP1606.Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryVF-Wax MS1626.Duarte, Dias, et al., 201060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 25. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1621.Kumazawa, Sakai, et al., 201030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1623.Chen, Song, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1626.Chen, Song, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryFFAP1619.Christlbauer and Schieberle, 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1620.Mallia, Escher, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1646.Caldeira, de Sousa, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 10. min, 3.5 K/min, 180. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1645.Soria, Sanz, et al., 200850. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1629.Thakeow, Angeli, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 1.5 min, 6.5 K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1625.Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007He, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 0.32 μm
CapillaryDB-Wax1659.Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1636.Povolo, Contarini, et al., 200760. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1634.Povolo, Contarini, et al., 200760. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillaryRTX-Wax1609.Prososki, Etzel, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1602.Xu, Fan, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1602.Xu, Fan, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1602.Fan and Qian, 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1636.Fan and Qian, 2006, 230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1614.Kishimoto, Wanikawa, et al., 200615. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryHP-Innowax1613.Komes, Ulrich, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1639.Senger-Emonnot, Rochard, et al., 200660. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryZB-Wax1650.Wierda R.L., Fletcher G., et al., 200660. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1641.Fan and Qian, 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1631.de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 200550. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1616.Lee, Umano, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryStabilwax DA1652.Nogueira, Lubachevsky, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1642.Qian and Wang, 200560. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 30. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1631.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1642.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1644.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1647.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1647.N/A30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1642.Wu, Krings, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1647.Wu, Krings, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1642.Wu, Krings, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1650.Culleré, Escudero, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryTC-Wax1622.Ishikawa, Ito, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryPEG-20M1581.Narain, Almeida, et al., 200450. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1646.Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 200450. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1640.Alves and Franco, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 50. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1614.Lee and Noble, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 185. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1646.López, Ortín, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryTC-Wax1622.Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003He, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101626.Vichi, Castellote, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101620.Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryHP-FFAP1648.Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 200325. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-FFAP1612.Czerny and Schieberle, 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-FFAP1612.Czerny and Schieberle, 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1646.Ferreira, Ortín, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryTC-Wax1614.Fukami, Ishiyama, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryFFAP1588.Lecanu, Ducruet, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-FFAP1588.Qian and Reineccius, 200225. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, 60. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
CapillaryTC-Wax1621.Suhardi, Suzuki, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1644.Aznar, López, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
CapillaryEC-10001630.Bendall, 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
CapillaryFFAP1630.Ducruet, Fournier, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1644.Ferreira, Aznar, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-FFAP1628.Suriyaphan, Drake, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1613.Wei, Mura, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryFFAP1616.Czerny and Grosch, 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1615.Kotseridis and Baumes, 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1615.Kotseridis and Baumes, 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1631.Tamura, Boonbumrung, et al., 2000Nitrogen, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1620.Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 19994. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1623.Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 19994. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1623.Lopez, Ferreira, et al., 199960. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1628.Suriyaphan, Drake, et al., 199930. m/0.33 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1625.Buttery and Ling, 199830. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 170. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySupelcowax-101661.Campeanu, Burcea, et al., 199860. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1630.Ong and Acree, 19984. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-Innowax1630.Ong, Acree, et al., 19984. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1598.Parada and Duque, 199830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1607.Parada and Duque, 199830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1645.Farkas, Sádecká, et al., 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Hydrogen, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1628.Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997He, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryHP-Innowax1669.Ulrich, Hoberg, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 1.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1628.Wada and Shibamoto, 1997He, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 40. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1639.Milo and Grosch, 199650. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 20. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryTC-Wax1638.Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 199680. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1616.Christensen and Reineccius, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 20. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1642.Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1630.Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 199360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1585.Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C
CapillarySP-10001637.De Llano D.G., Ramos M., et al., 199025. m/0.2 mm/0.43 μm, N2, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101636.Hsieh, Williams, et al., 198960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 175. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1620.Buttery, Ling, et al., 198350. C @ 30. min, 1. K/min, 170. C @ 60. min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.64 mm

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryEC-10001630.Delabre and Bendall, 9999Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1625.Gyawali and Kim, 201260. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min) 5 0C/min -> 230 0C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1633.Lee, Chong, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1630.Welke, Manfroi, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1642.Welke, Manfroi, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1651.Welke, Manfroi, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillarySOLGel-Wax1636.Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 201130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
CapillarySOLGel-Wax1636.Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 201130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
CapillarySOLGel-Wax1620.Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 201130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryCP-Wax 52 CB1635.Povolo, Cabassi, et al., 2011Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-Innowax1652.Xiao, Dai, et al., 201160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 3 0C/min -> 150 0C 5 0C/min -> 220 0C (5 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1589.Parker, Tsormpatsidis, et al., 2010Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1641.San-Juan, Petka, et al., 201030. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 100 0C 6 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min)
CapillaryStabilwax1627.Chinnici, Guerrero, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 5 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1641.Ferreira, Juan, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 100 0C 6 0C/min -> 220 0C (40 min)
CapillaryPolyethylene glycol (Free Fatty Acid Phase)1620.Harraca, Syed, et al., 2009Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolyethylene glycol (Free Fatty Acid Phase)1623.Harraca, Syed, et al., 2009Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolyethylene glycol (Free Fatty Acid Phase)1625.Harraca, Syed, et al., 2009Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryFFAP1605.Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2008Helium; Program: not specified
CapillarySOLGel-Wax1622.Shu and Shen, 200830. m/0.53 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C 7 0C/min -> 180 0C 10 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)
CapillarySOLGel-Wax1618.Shu and Shen, 200830. m/0.53 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1618.Tao, Wenlai, et al., 200830. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 20 0C/min -> 80 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C
CapillaryPEG 20M1634.Zhang, Zhang, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 60 0C 6 0C/min -> 130 0C 10 0C/min -> 230 0C
CapillarySupelcowax-101630.Berard, Bianchi, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 6C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1619.Buettner, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1588.Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1634.Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 44 0C 3 0C/min -> 170 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C
CapillaryDB-Wax1611.Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-FFAP1619.Greger and Schieberle, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 7C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C (10min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1619.Lasekan, Buettner, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 50C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax Etr1627.Loskos, Hernandez-Orte, et al., 200760. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 10C/min => 90C => 2C/min => 230C (37min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1602.Selli, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 220 0C 3 0C/min -> 245 0C (20 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1623.Tian, Zhang, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 150 0C 8 0C/min -> 230 0C (15 min)
CapillaryHP-Innowax1659.Weldegergis B.T., Tredoux A.G.J., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 30C(2min) => 4C/min => 130C => 8C/min => 250C(5min)
CapillaryPEG-20M1634.Zhang C., Zhang H., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 130C => 10C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1633.Krings, Zelena, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 240C (10min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1599.Editorial paper, 2005Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1600.Editorial paper, 2005Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1621.Steinhaus and Schieberle, 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 6 K/min -> 190 0C 12 K/min -> 240 0C
CapillaryCP-Wax 58CB1610.Tokitomo, Steihaus, et al., 200525. m/0.32 mm/0.20 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 40 0C/min -> 60 0C (1 min) 6 0C/min -> 180 0C 10 0C/min -> 240 0C (5 min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1619.Buettner, 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1633.Didzbalis, Ritter, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(1min) => 60C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 230C
CapillaryDB-Wax1646.Escudero, Gogorza, et al., 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1627.Kim. J.H., Ahn, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C 4 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1653.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1627.Peterson and Reineccius, 2003, 2Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1596.Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C(20min)
CapillaryFFAP1625.Bel Rhild, Fleury, et al., 200230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 180 0C 10 0C/min -> 180 0C (10 min)
CapillaryTRWAX1660.Torrens, 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: not specified
CapillaryNukol1639.López and Dufour, 2001N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 45C(5min) => 20C/min => 100C(1min) => 3C/min => 190C(40min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1627.Mayorga, Knapp, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(4min) => 4C/min => 130C => 1C/min => 190C => 4C/min => 220C(20min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1629.Mayorga, Knapp, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(4min) => 4C/min => 130C => 1C/min => 190C => 4C/min => 220C(20min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1628.Miranda, Nogueira, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 25 0C (0.5 min) 50 K/min -> 50 0C 3.5 K/min -> 150 0C 7.5 K/min -> 240 0C
CapillaryFFAP1620.Lambert, Demazeau, et al., 199930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryFFAP1609.Zehentbauer and Grosch, 199825. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 230C
CapillaryDB-Wax1627.Ziegleder, 1998He; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 45C(4min) => 30C/min => 60C (5min) => 3C/min => 220C(40min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1613.Guth, 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C (1min) => 40C/min => 60C (1min) => 6C/min => 250C (10min)
CapillaryDB-FFAP1652.Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35C => 40C/min => 60C (1min) => 6C/min => 250C
CapillaryFFAP1610.Schermann and Schieberle, 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C
CapillaryFFAP1610.Schermann and Schieberle, 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C
CapillaryFFAP1613.Guth and Grosch, 1994Program: not specified
CapillaryFFAP1623.Schieberle and Grosch, 1994He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35C => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 4C/min => 240C
CapillaryFFAP1613.Guth and Grosch, 1993Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1600.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991, 2Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1614.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991, 2Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.1581.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Lebedeva, 1964
Lebedeva, N.D., Heats of combustion of monocarboxylic acids, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1964, 38, 1435-1437. [all data]

Konicek and Wadso, 1970
Konicek, J.; Wadso, I., Enthalpies of vaporization of organic compounds. VII. Some carboxylic acids, Acta Chem. Scand., 1970, 24, 2612-26. [all data]

Stull D.R., 1969
Stull D.R., Jr., The Chemical Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds. Wiley, New York, 1969. [all data]

Martin and Andon, 1982
Martin, J.F.; Andon, R.J.L., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part LII. Molar heat capacity of ethanoic, propanoic, and butanoic acids, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1982, 14, 679-688. [all data]

Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. V. A revision of the entropies and free energies of nineteen organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1929, 51, 1969-1973. [all data]

Parks and Anderson, 1926
Parks, G.S.; Anderson, C.T., Thermal data on organic compounds. III. The heat capacities, entropies and free energies of tertiary butyl alcohol, mannitol, erythritol and normal butyric acid, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 1506-1512. [all data]

Konicek and Wadso, 1971
Konicek, J.; Wadso, I., Thermochemical properties of some carboxylic acids, amines and N-substituted amides in aqueous solution, Acta Chem. Scand., 1971, 25, 1541-1551. [all data]

von Reis, 1881
von Reis, M.A., Die specifische Wärme flüssiger organischer Verbindungen und ihre Beziehung zu deren Moleculargewicht, Ann. Physik [3], 1881, 13, 447-464. [all data]

Radwan and Hanna, 1976
Radwan, M.H.; Hanna, A.A., Binary Azeotropes Containing Butyric Acid, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1976, 21, 285-8. [all data]

Costello and Bowden, 1958
Costello, J.M.; Bowden, S.T., The temperature variation of orthobaric density difference in liquid- vapour systems: IV fatty acids, Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 1958, 77, 803. [all data]

Dreisbach and Martin, 1949
Dreisbach, R.R.; Martin, R.A., Physical Data on Some Organic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 2875-8. [all data]

Timmermans, 1935
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Wilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985
Wilhoit, R.C.; Chao, J.; Hall, K.R., Thermodynamic Properties of Key Organic Compounds in the Carbon Range C1 to C4. Part 1. Properties of Condensed Phases, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1985, 14, 1. [all data]

Martin and Andon, 1982, 2
Martin, J.F.; Andon, R.J.L., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part LII. Molar heat capacity of ethanoic, propanoic, and butanoic acids., J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1982, 14, 679-88. [all data]

Parks and Anderson, 1926, 2
Parks, G.S.; Anderson, C.T., Thermal data on organic compounds. III. The heat capacities, entropies and free energies of tertiary butyl alcohol, mannitol, erythritol and normal butyric acid, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 1506-12. [all data]

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Ambrose and Ghiassee, 1987
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D'Souza and Teja, 1987
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Brown, 1906
Brown, J.C., The critical temperature and value of ml/theta of some carbon compounds, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1906, 89, 311. [all data]

Clifford, Ramjugernath, et al., 2004
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Muñoz and Krähenbühl, 2001
Muñoz, Laura A.L.; Krähenbühl, M. Alvina, Isobaric Vapor Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) Data of the Systems n -Butanol + Butyric Acid and n -Butanol + Acetic Acid, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2001, 46, 1, 120-124, https://doi.org/10.1021/je000033u . [all data]

Verevkin, 2000
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Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
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Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949
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Dreisbach and Martin, 1949, 2
Dreisbach, R.R.; Martin, R.A., Physical Data on Some Organic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 12, 2875-2878, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a053 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

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Viidanoja, J.; Reiner, T.; Kiendler, A.; Grimm, F.; Arnold, F., Laboratory investigations of negative ion molecule reactions of propionic, butyric, glyoxylic, pyruvic, and pinonic acids, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2000, 194, 1, 53-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-3806(99)00172-4 . [all data]

Butler, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1982
Butler, J.J.; Fraser-Monteiro, M.L.; Fraser-Monteiro, L.; Baer, T.; Hass, J.R., Thermochemistry and dissociation dynamics of state-selected C4H8O2+ Ions. 2. Butanoic acid, J. Phys. Chem., 1982, 86, 747. [all data]

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Holmes and Lossing, 1980
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P., Gas-phase heats of formation of keto and enol ions of carbonyl compounds., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1980, 102, 1591. [all data]

Watanabe, Yokoyama, et al., 1973
Watanabe, I.; Yokoyama, Y.; Ikeda, S., Lone pair ionization potentials of carboxylic acids determined by He(I) photoelectron spectroscopy, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1973, 46, 1959. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Benoit and Harrison, 1977
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Notes

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