Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-

• Formula: C₂H₄Cl₂
• Molecular weight: 98.959
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4Cl2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 107-06-2
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: α,β-Dichloroethane; s-Dichloroethane; Brocide; Dutch liquid; Ethylene chloride; Ethylene dichloride; Freon 150; Glycol dichloride; 1,2-Bichloroethane; 1,2-Dichlorethane; 1,2-Dichloroethane; CH2ClCH2Cl; sym-Dichloroethane; Aethylenchlorid; Bichlorure D'ethylene; Borer sol; Chlorure D'ethylene; Cloruro di ethene; 1,2-DCE; Destruxol borer-sol; 1,2-Dichloorethaan; 1,2-Dichlor-aethan; Dichloremulsion; Di-chlor-mulsion; Dichloro-1,2-ethane; 1,2-Dicloroetano; Dutch oil; EDC; ENT 1,656; Ethane dichloride; Ethyleendichloride; 1,2-Ethylene dichloride; NCI-C00511; Rcra waste number U077; UN 1184; DCE; EDC (halocarbon); HCC 150; 1,2-dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride)
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas Chromatography
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  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Enthalpy of phase transition

Entropy of phase transition

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

=  + 

By formula: C₂H₄Cl₂ = C₂H₃Cl + HCl

 + 2 =  + 2

By formula: C₂H₄Cl₂ + 2H₂ = C₂H₆ + 2HCl

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂H₄Cl₂ + Cl₂ = HCl + C₂H₃Cl₃

=

By formula: C₂H₄Cl₂ = C₂H₄Cl₂

 +  =

By formula: C₂H₄ + Cl₂ = C₂H₄Cl₂

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• Not specified, most likely a prism, grating, or hybrid spectrometer.; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY; 4 cm^-1 resolution
• GAS (50 mmHg, N2 ADDED, TOTAL PRESSURE 600 mmHg); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY COBLENTZ SOCIETY (BATCH II) FROM HARD COPY; 2 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas

Data compiled by: Pamela M. Chu, Franklin R. Guenther, George C. Rhoderick, and Walter J. Lafferty

• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); 3-Term B-H Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Boxcar Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Happ Genzel Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); NB Strong Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Triangular Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Takehiko Shimanouchi

Trans form     Symmetry:   C_2h     Symmetry Number σ = 2

Source: Shimanouchi, 1972

Gauche form     Symmetry:   C₂     Symmetry Number σ = 2

Source: Shimanouchi, 1972

Notes

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Manion, 2002
Manion, J.A., Evaluated Enthalpies of Formation of the Stable Closed Shell C1 and C2 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2002, 31, 1, 123-172, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1420703 . [all data]

Lacher, Amador, et al., 1967
Lacher, J.R.; Amador, A.; Park, J.D., Reaction heats of organic compounds. Part 5.-Heats of hydrogenation of dichloromethane, 1,1- and 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dichloropropane, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1967, 63, 1608-1611. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Kirkbride, 1956
Kirkbride, F.W., The heats of chlorination of some hydrocarbons and their chloro-derivatives, J. Appl. Chem., 1956, 6, 11-21. [all data]

Hu and Sinke, 1969
Hu, A.T.; Sinke, G.C., Combustion calorimetry of some chlorinated organic compounds, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1969, 1, 507-513. [all data]

Smith, Bjellerup, et al., 1953
Smith, L.; Bjellerup, L.; Krook, S.; Westermark, H., Heats of combustion of organic chloro compounds determined by the "quartz wool" method, Acta Chem. Scand., 1953, 7, 65. [all data]

Pitzer, 1940
Pitzer, K.S., The heat capacities, heats of transition and fusion, and entropies of ethylene dichloride and ethylene dibromide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 331-335. [all data]

Hallen, 1993
Hallen, D., Enthalpies of solution and heat capacities for some a,w-dichloroalkanes in water, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1993, 25, 519-524. [all data]

Lainez, Roux-Desgranges, et al., 1985
Lainez, A.; Roux-Desgranges, G.; Grolier, J.-P.E.; Wilhelm, E., Mixtures of alkanes with polar molecules showing integral rotation: an unusual composition dependence of CpE of 1,2-dichloroethane + an n-alkane, Fluid Phase Equilib., 1985, 20, 47-56. [all data]

Wilhelm, Faradjzadeh, et al., 1979
Wilhelm, E.; Faradjzadeh, A.; Grolier, J.-P.E., Molar excess heat capacities and excess volumes of 1,2-dichloroethane + cyclooctane, + mesitylene, and + tetrachloromethane, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1979, 11, 979-984. [all data]

Wilhelm, Grolier, et al., 1979
Wilhelm, E.; Grolier, G.-P.E.; Karbalai Ghassemi, M.H., Molar heat capacity of binary liquid mixtures: 1,2-dichloroethane + cyclohexane and 1,2-dichloroethane + methylcyclohexane, Thermochim. Acta, 1979, 28, 59-69. [all data]

Wilhelm, Grolier, et al., 1977
Wilhelm, E.; Grolier, J.-P.E.; Karbalai Ghassemi, M.H., Molar heat capacities of binary liquid mixtures: 1,2-dichloroethane + benzene, + toluene, and + p-xylene, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1977, 81, 925-930. [all data]

Wilhelm, Schano, et al., 1969
Wilhelm, E.; Schano, R.; Becker, G.; Findenegg, G.H.; Kohler, F., Molar heat capacity at constant volume. Binary mixtures of 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dibromoethane with cyclohexane, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1969, 65, 1443-1455. [all data]

Rastorguev and Ganiev, 1967
Rastorguev, Yu.L.; Ganiev, Yu.A., Study of the heat capacity of selected solvents, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Neft Gaz. 10, 1967, No.1, 79-82. [all data]

Ruiter, 1955
Ruiter, L.H., Some thermodynamic properties of the system benzene 1,2-dichloroethane. Part II. The excess molar heat capacities, Rec. Trav. Chim., 1955, 74, 1467-1481. [all data]

Staveley, Tupman, et al., 1955
Staveley, L.A.K.; Tupman, W.I.; Hart, K.R., Some thermodynamice properties of the systems benzene + ethylene dichloride, benzene + carbon tetrachloride, acetone + chloroform, and acetone + carbon disulphide, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1955, 51, 323-342. [all data]

Sieg, Crtzen, et al., 1951
Sieg, L.; Crtzen, J.L.; Jost, W., Zur Thermodynamik von Mischphasen IX. Über das Verdampfungsgleichgewicht Benzol-1-2-Dichloraethan, Z. Phys. Chem., 1951, 198, 263-269. [all data]

Kurbatov, 1948
Kurbatov, V.Ya., Heat capacity of liquids. 2. Heat capacity and the temperature dependence of heat capacity from halogen derivatives of acylic hydrocarbons, Zh. Obshch. Kim., 1948, 18, 372-389. [all data]

Railing, 1939
Railing, W.E., The specific heat of some ethylene halides, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1939, 61, 3349-3353. [all data]

von Reis, 1881
von Reis, M.A., Die specifische Wärme flüssiger organischer Verbindungen und ihre Beziehung zu deren Moleculargewicht, Ann. Physik [3], 1881, 13, 447-464. [all data]

Knauth and Sabbah, 1990
Knauth, P.; Sabbah, R., Development and applications of a low-temperature differential thermal analyzer (77 < T, K < 330), J. Therm. Anal., 1990, 36, 969-77. [all data]

Pitzer, 1940, 2
Pitzer, K.S., The Heat Capacities, Heats of Transition and Fusion, and Entropies of Ethylene Dichloride and Ethylene Dibromide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 331-5. [all data]

Garcia-Sanchez and Trejo Rodriguez, 1985
Garcia-Sanchez, F.; Trejo Rodriguez, A., Vapour pressure and critical constants of 1,2-dichloroethane, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1985, 17, 981. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Hojendahl, 1946
Hojendahl, K., Dielectric Constant, Viscosity, Surface Tension, and Critical Data of Boron Tribromide, Dioxane, and Ethylene Dichloride, Mat.-Fys. Medd. - K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk., 1946, 24, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Dykyj, 1970
Dykyj, J., Petrochemica, 1970, 10, 2, 51. [all data]

Gutsche and Knapp, 1982
Gutsche, Bernhard; Knapp, Helmut, Isothermal measurements of vapor-liquid equilibria for three n-alkane-chloroalkane mixtures, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1982, 8, 3, 285-300, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(82)80040-X . [all data]

Gallaugher and Hibbert, 1937
Gallaugher, A.F.; Hibbert, H., Studies on reactions relating to carbohydrates and polysaccharides. LV. Vapor pressures of the polyethylene glycols and their derivatives, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2521-2525. [all data]

Pearce and Peters, 1928
Pearce, J.N.; Peters, P.E., The Vapor Pressure of Ethylene Chloride between--30° and 100°, J. Phys. Chem., 1928, 33, 6, 873-878, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150300a006 . [all data]

Pearce and Peters, 1929
Pearce, J.N.; Peters, P.E., The Vapor Pressure of Ethylene Chloride Between -30° and 100°, J. Phys. Chem., 1929, 33, 6, 873-878, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150300a006 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Buravtsev, Grigor'ev, et al., 1992
Buravtsev, N.N.; Grigor'ev, A.S.; Zaidman, O.A.; Kolbanovskii, Yu.A.; Markelov, M.YU.; Sadogurskii, M.N.; Treger, Yu.A., Dehydrochlorination of chloroalkanes under rigid homogeneous conditions. II. Effect of small additions of oxygen to the kinetics of high-temperature decomposition of 1,2-dichloroethane under adiabatic compression, Khim. Fiz., 1992, 11, 218-226. [all data]

Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979
Levanova, s.V.; Bushneva, I.I.; Rodova, R.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Treger, Yu.A.; Aprelkin, A.S., Thermodynamic stability of chloroethanes in dehydrochlorination reactions, J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1979, 52, 1439-1442. [all data]

Ghosh and Guha, 1951
Ghosh, J.C.; Guha, S.R.D., Catalytic dehydrochlorination of ethylene dichloride, Petroleum (London), 1951, 14, 261-264. [all data]

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Rozhnov, A.M., Equilibrium of dichloroethane isomerization, Neftekhimiya, 1968, 8, 431-434. [all data]

Conn, Kistiakowsky, et al., 1938
Conn, J.B.; Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Smith, E.A., Heats of organic reactions. VII. Addition of halogens to olefins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 2764-2771. [all data]

Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979
Berman, D.W.; Anicich, V.; Beauchamp, J.L., Stabilities of isomeric halonium ions C₂H₄X⁺ (X = Cl, Br) by photoionization mass spectrometry iand on cyclotron resonance spectroscopy. General considerations of the relative stabilities of cyclic and acyclic isomeric onium ions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 1239. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
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Gan, Peel, et al., 1977
Gan, T.H.; Peel, J.B.; Willett, G.D., Photoelectron spectra of the gauche and trans conformers of 1,2-dichloroethane, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1977, 73, 965. [all data]

Chau and McDowell, 1975
Chau, F.T.; McDowell, C.A., Photoelectron spectra of 1,2 dichloro-, 1,2 dibromo- and 1,2 diiodo-ethane, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1975, 6, 365. [all data]

Raymonda, Edwards, et al., 1974
Raymonda, J.W.; Edwards, L.O.; Russell, B.R., Vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectra of some chloroalkanes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 1708. [all data]

Harrison and Shannon, 1962
Harrison, A.G.; Shannon, T.W., An electron impact study of chloromethyl and dichloromethyl derivatives, Can. J. Chem., 1962, 40, 1730. [all data]

Shimanouchi, 1972
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Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  Pc	Critical pressure
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔHtrs	Enthalpy of phase transition
  ΔStrs	Entropy of phase transition
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ρc	Critical density

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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