Citronellal
- Formula: C10H18O
- Molecular weight: 154.2493
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H18O/c1-9(2)5-4-6-10(3)7-8-11/h5,8,10H,4,6-7H2,1-3H3
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 106-23-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Stereoisomers:
- Other names: 6-Octenal, 3,7-dimethyl-; β-Citronellal; Rhodinal; 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenal; Citronellel; 2,3-Dihydrocitral; NSC 46106; Citronella; Citronelal
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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | HP-5 | RTX-5 MS | RTX-1 | CP-Sil 5 CB | SE-30 MS |
| Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 60. | 25. | 30. |
| Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.25 | |
| Tstart (C) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 50. | 50. |
| Tend (C) | 300. | 240. | 230. | 220. | 250. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 3. | 2. | 5. | |
| Initial hold (min) | 3. | 5. | |||
| Final hold (min) | 15. | 5. | 10. | ||
| I | 1154. | 1161. | 1129. | 1150. | 1156. |
| Reference | Bertuzzi, Tirillini, et al., 2013 | Pinheiro, de Queiros, et al., 2013 | Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012 | Ameen, Usman, et al., 2011 | Menichini, Tundis, et al., 2011 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | DB-5 MS | SLB-5 MS | SLB-5 MS | DB-5 | DB-5 MS |
| Column length (m) | 60. | 10. | 10. | 30. | 30. |
| Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Tstart (C) | 40. | 50. | 50. | 35. | 50. |
| Tend (C) | 250. | 250. | 250. | 220. | 250. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 5. | 10. | 10. | 3. | 2. |
| Initial hold (min) | 15. | 5. | |||
| Final hold (min) | 15. | 40. | |||
| I | 1157. | 1152. | 1152. | 1149. | 1153. |
| Reference | Mesa-Arango, Betancur-Galvis, et al., 2010 | Scandinaro, Tranchida, et al., 2010 | Scandinaro, Tranchida, et al., 2010 | El-Massry, El-Ghorab, et al., 2009 | Koba, Sanda, et al., 2009 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | BP-1 | DB-1 MS | DB-5 | HP-5 MS | OV-1 |
| Column length (m) | 50. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
| Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Tstart (C) | 60. | 40. | 100. | 60. | 65. |
| Tend (C) | 220. | 250. | 300. | 250. | 260. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 6. | 20. | 2. | 6. |
| Initial hold (min) | 1. | 2. | 8. | ||
| Final hold (min) | 20. | 4. | 10. | 15. | |
| I | 1134. | 1130. | 1126. | 1150. | 1138. |
| Reference | Ottavioli, Bighelli, et al., 2009 | Seo, Kim, et al., 2009 | Khokra, Prakash, et al., 2008 | Sahraoui, Vian, et al., 2008 | Wang, Yi, et al., 2008 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | OV-1 | HP-5 MS | HP-5MS | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | CP Sil 5 CB |
| Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 60. | 30. |
| Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | He | He | N2 |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Tstart (C) | 65. | 50. | 60. | 90. | 50. |
| Tend (C) | 260. | 230. | 250. | 225. | 200. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 3. | 2. | 3. | 5. |
| Initial hold (min) | 10. | 8. | |||
| Final hold (min) | 10. | 15. | 15. | ||
| I | 1153. | 1153. | 1167. | 1155. | 1142. |
| Reference | Wang, Yi, et al., 2008 | Adams, Beauchamp, et al., 2007 | Ferhat, Meklati, et al., 2007 | Gil A., Van Baren C.M., et al., 2007 | Hnawia, Cabalion, et al., 2007 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | BP-1 | BP-1 | BP-1 | BP-1 | FSOT-RSL-200 |
| Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 30. |
| Carrier gas | He | He | He | Hydrogen | |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.32 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Tstart (C) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 40. |
| Tend (C) | 220. | 220. | 220. | 220. | 280. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 2. | 2. | 6. |
| Initial hold (min) | 5. | ||||
| Final hold (min) | 20. | 20. | 20. | 20. | 5. |
| I | 1127. | 1130. | 1131. | 1131. | 1153. |
| Reference | Boti, Muselli, et al., 2006 | Boti, Yao, et al., 2006 | Fanciullino, Tomi, et al., 2006 | Fanciullino, Tomi, et al., 2006 | Jirovetz, Eller, et al., 2006 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | DB-1 | BP-1 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 |
| Column length (m) | 60. | 50. | 25. | 30. | 50. |
| Carrier gas | He | N2 | H2 | ||
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.3 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.25 |
| Tstart (C) | 70. | 60. | 50. | 60. | 60. |
| Tend (C) | 230. | 220. | 200. | 240. | 240. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 4. | 3. | 2. |
| Initial hold (min) | 2. | 3. | |||
| Final hold (min) | 20. | 20. | |||
| I | 1131. | 1130. | 1155. | 1153. | 1152. |
| Reference | Lan Phi N.T., Nishiyama C., et al., 2006 | Lesueur, Ban, et al., 2006 | Ouamba, Ouabonzi, et al., 2006 | Silva, Oliveira, et al., 2006 | Chagonda and Chalchat, 2005 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | DB-5 | HP-5 | Methyl Silicone | DB-5 | HP-5MS |
| Column length (m) | 25. | 25. | 12.5 | 30. | 30. |
| Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.15 | 0.33 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Tstart (C) | 40. | 60. | 50. | 60. | 60. |
| Tend (C) | 220. | 240. | 270. | 220. | 280. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 3. | 4. | 3. | 3. |
| Initial hold (min) | 5. | 4. | 5. | ||
| Final hold (min) | 7. | ||||
| I | 1159. | 1154. | 1147. | 1152. | 1154. |
| Reference | Chagonda and Chalchat, 2005, 2 | Duarte, Figueira, et al., 2005 | Ricci, Fraternale, et al., 2005 | Salehi, Sefidkon, et al., 2005 | Setzer, Noletto, et al., 2005 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | HP-5 | DB-1 | HP-5MS | NB-30 | DB-1 |
| Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 30. | 50. | 60. |
| Carrier gas | Helium | N2 | He | He | |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Tstart (C) | 40. | 70. | 60. | 50. | 70. |
| Tend (C) | 250. | 230. | 280. | 250. | 230. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 5. | 2. | 3. | 2. | 2. |
| Initial hold (min) | 2. | 2. | 2. | ||
| Final hold (min) | 5. | 20. | 20. | ||
| I | 1152. | 1141. | 1153. | 1135. | 1141. |
| Reference | N/A | Choi, 2004 | Mimica-Dukic, Bozin, et al., 2004 | Raal, Arak, et al., 2004 | Sawamura, Son, et al., 2004 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | DB-1 | DB-1 | SE-30 | DB-1 | HP-5 |
| Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 12. | 30. | 30. |
| Carrier gas | Nitrogen | He | He | N2 | Helium |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.25 | |
| Tstart (C) | 70. | 70. | 70. | 80. | 70. |
| Tend (C) | 230. | 230. | 220. | 250. | 210. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 2. |
| Initial hold (min) | 2. | 2. | |||
| Final hold (min) | 20. | 60. | |||
| I | 1141. | 1141. | 1131. | 1136. | 1153. |
| Reference | Sawamura, Sou, et al., 2004 | Choi, 2003 | Kambouche and El-Abed, 2003 | Mahalwal and Ali, 2003 | Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | MPS-5 | DB-1 | DB-1 | BP-5 | BP-1 |
| Column length (m) | 60. | 30. | 50. | 50. | |
| Carrier gas | N2 | H2 | H2 | He | |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.22 | |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1. | 0.25 | |
| Tstart (C) | 70. | 70. | 40. | 60. | 60. |
| Tend (C) | 180. | 230. | 245. | 270. | 230. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 5. | 2. | 3. | 6. | 2. |
| Initial hold (min) | 2. | 2. | 20. | ||
| Final hold (min) | 20. | 35. | |||
| I | 1148. | 1134. | 1126. | 1165. | 1130. |
| Reference | Nakahara, Alzoreky, et al., 2003 | Tu, Onishi, et al., 2003 | Gancel, Ollé, et al., 2002 | Doimo, 2001 | Lota, de Rocca Serra, et al., 2001 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | OV-101 | OV-101 | RSL-200 | DB-5 | OV-1 |
| Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 60. | 30. | 25. |
| Carrier gas | He | N2 | H2 | N2 | H2 |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
| Tstart (C) | 50. | 80. | 40. | 70. | 40. |
| Tend (C) | 250. | 200. | 250. | 230. | 220. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 6. | 4. | 3. |
| Initial hold (min) | 2. | 5. | |||
| Final hold (min) | 20. | 5. | |||
| I | 1132. | 1132. | 1139. | 1152. | 1130. |
| Reference | Orav and Kann, 2001 | Yang, 2001 | Jirovetz, Puschmann, et al., 2000 | Mitiku, Sawamura, et al., 2000 | Oberhofer, Nikiforov, et al., 1999 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | DB-5 | HP-5 | OV-101 | BP-1 | BP-1 |
| Column length (m) | 30. | 25. | 50. | 25. | 25. |
| Carrier gas | H2 | He | N2 | N2 | N2 |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.33 | 0.17 | |||
| Tstart (C) | 32. | 70. | 50. | 60. | 60. |
| Tend (C) | 260. | 290. | 220. | 220. | 220. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 7. | 3. | 5. | 5. | 5. |
| Initial hold (min) | 5. | 8. | |||
| Final hold (min) | 5. | 20. | |||
| I | 1161. | 1155. | 1146. | 1137. | 1138. |
| Reference | Sun and Petracek, 1999 | Poiana, Sicari, et al., 1998 | Chacko, Jayalekshmy, et al., 1996 | Rajeswara, Kaul, et al., 1996 | Rajeswara, Kaul, et al., 1996 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | DB-5 | DB-1 | DB-1 | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone |
| Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 60. | 50. | 50. |
| Carrier gas | He | He | N2 | N2 | |
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.17 | |
| Tstart (C) | 40. | 70. | 70. | 80. | 80. |
| Tend (C) | 210. | 270. | 270. | 200. | 200. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2. | 3. |
| Initial hold (min) | 2. | 5. | 5. | ||
| Final hold (min) | 33. | ||||
| I | 1161. | 1131. | 1131. | 1137. | 1134. |
| Reference | Sohounhloue, Dangou, et al., 1996 | Tirado, Stashenko, et al., 1995 | Tirado, Stashenko, et al., 1995 | Gopalakrishnan, Menon, et al., 1993 | Gopalakrishnan, Menon, et al., 1993 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | OV-101 | OV-101 | Ultra-1 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
| Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 25. | 50. | 50. |
| Carrier gas | He | N2 | N2 | ||
| Substrate | |||||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | ||||
| Tstart (C) | 80. | 80. | 80. | 80. | 80. |
| Tend (C) | 200. | 200. | 260. | 200. | 200. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 3. | 2. | 2. |
| Initial hold (min) | |||||
| Final hold (min) | |||||
| I | 1132. | 1135. | 1128. | 1137. | 1132. |
| Reference | Tamura, Yang, et al., 1993 | Tamura, Yang, et al., 1993 | Okumura, 1991 | Sugisawa, Yamamoto, et al., 1989 | Sugisawa, Yang, et al., 1989 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
| Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active phase | OV-101 | SE-30+Igepal | SE-30+Igepal |
| Column length (m) | 50. | 100. | 100. |
| Carrier gas | N2 | ||
| Substrate | |||
| Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Phase thickness (μm) | |||
| Tstart (C) | 80. | 70. | 70. |
| Tend (C) | 200. | 170. | 170. |
| Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 1. | 1. |
| Initial hold (min) | |||
| Final hold (min) | |||
| I | 1135. | 1138. | 1140. |
| Reference | Sugisawa, Yang, et al., 1989 | Shibamoto and Jennings, 1977 | Shibamoto and Jennings, 1977 |
| Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Bertuzzi, Tirillini, et al., 2013
Bertuzzi, G.; Tirillini, B.; Angelini, P.; Venanzoni, R.,
Antioxidative action of Citrus limonum essential oil on scin,
Eur. J. Medicinal Plants, 2013, 3, 1, 1-9, https://doi.org/10.9734/EJMP/2013/1987
. [all data]
Pinheiro, de Queiros, et al., 2013
Pinheiro, P.F.; de Queiros, V.T.; Rondelli, V.M.; Costa, A.V.; MArcelino, T. deP.; Pratissoli, D.,
Insecticidal activity of citronells grass essential oil on Frankliniella schultzei and Myzus persicae,
Cienc. Agrotec. Lavras, 2013, 37, 2, 138-144, https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542013000200004
. [all data]
Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012
Bendiabdellah, A.; El Amine Dib, M.; Djabou, N.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Costa, J.; Myseli, A.,
Biological activities and volatile cinstituents of Daucus muricatus L. from Algeria,
Chem. Centr. J., 2012, 6, 48, 1-22. [all data]
Ameen, Usman, et al., 2011
Ameen, O.M.; Usman, L.A.; Oganija, F.S.; Hamid, A.A.; Muhammed, N.O.; Zubair, M.F.; Adebayo, S.A.,
Chemical composition of leaf essential oil of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) growing in North Central Nigeria,
Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci., 2011, 5, 1, 375-379. [all data]
Menichini, Tundis, et al., 2011
Menichini, F.; Tundis, R.; Bonesi, M.; de Cindio, B.; Loizzo, M.R.; Conforti, F.; Statti, G.A.; Menabeni, R.; Bettini, R.; Menichini, F.,
Chemical composition and bioactivity of Citrus medica L. cv. Diamante essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation, cold-pressing and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction,
Nat. Prod. Res., 2011, 25, 8, 789-799, https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410902900085
. [all data]
Mesa-Arango, Betancur-Galvis, et al., 2010
Mesa-Arango, A.C.; Betancur-Galvis, L.; Montiel, J.; Bueno, J.G.; Baena, A.; Duran, D.C.; Martinez, J.R.; Stashenko, E.E.,
Antifungal activity and chemical composition of the essential oils of Lippia alba (Miller) N.E. Brown grown in different regions of Colombia,
J. Essential Oil Res., 2010, 22, 6, 568-574, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2010.9700402
. [all data]
Scandinaro, Tranchida, et al., 2010
Scandinaro, M.; Tranchida, P.Q.; Costa, R.; Dugo, P.; Mondello, L.,
Rapid Quality Control of Flavours and Fragrances using Fast GC-MS and Multi-MS Library Search Procedures,
LCGC Europe, 2010, 23, 9, 456-464. [all data]
El-Massry, El-Ghorab, et al., 2009
El-Massry, K.F.; El-Ghorab, A.H.; Shaaban, H.A.; Shibamoto, T.,
Chemical compositions and antioxidant/antimicrobial activities of various samples prepared from Schinus terebinthifolius leaves cultivated in Egipt,
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. [all data]
Koba, Sanda, et al., 2009
Koba, K.; Sanda, K.; Guyon, C.; Raynaud, C.; Chaumont, J.-P.; Nicod, L.,
In vitro cytotoxic activity of Cymbopogon citratus L. and Cymbopogon nardus L. essential oils from Togo,
J. Bangladesh Pharmacological Soc., 2009, 4, 29-34. [all data]
Ottavioli, Bighelli, et al., 2009
Ottavioli, J.; Bighelli, A.; Casanova, J.; Bang, B.T.; Y.,
GC (retention indices), GC-MS, and 13C NMR of two citral-rich Cymbopogon leaf oils: C. Flexuosus and C. tortilis,
Spectroscopy Lett., 2009, 42, 8, 506-512, https://doi.org/10.1080/00387010903022350
. [all data]
Seo, Kim, et al., 2009
Seo, S.-M.; Kim, J.; Lee, S.-G.; Shin, C.-H.; Shin, S.-C.; Park, I.-K.,
Fumigant antitermitic activity of plant essential oils and components from Aiowan (Trachyspermum ammi), Allspice (Pimenta dioica), Caraway (Carum carvi), Dill (Anethum graveolens), Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens), and Litsea (Litsea cubeba( oils against Japanese termite (Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe),
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 15, 6596-6602. [all data]
Khokra, Prakash, et al., 2008
Khokra, S.L.; Prakash, O.; Jain, S.; Aneja, K.R.; Dhingra, Y.,
Essential oil composition and antibacterial studies of Vitex negundo Linn. extracts,
Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 2008, 70, 4, 522-526, https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.44610
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Sahraoui, Vian, et al., 2008
Sahraoui, N.; Vian, M.A.; Bornard, I.; Boutekedjiret, C.; Chemat, F.,
Improved microwave steam distillation apparatus for isolation of essential oils. Comparison with conventional steam distillation,
J. Chromatogr. A., 2008, 1210, 2, 229-233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.078
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Wang, Yi, et al., 2008
Wang, Y.; Yi, L.; Liang, Y.; Li, H.; Yuan, D.; Gao, H.; Zeng, M.,
Comparative analysis of essential oil components in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by GC-MS combined with chemometric resolution method,
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Adams, Beauchamp, et al., 2007
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Notes
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