2(3H)-Furanone, dihydro-5-pentyl-

Formula: C₉H₁₆O₂
Molecular weight: 156.2221
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H16O2/c1-2-3-4-5-8-6-7-9(10)11-8/h8H,2-7H2,1H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: OALYTRUKMRCXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 104-61-0
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: γ-n-Amylbutyrolactone; γ-Amyl-γ-butyrolactone; γ-Amylbutyrolactone; γ-Nonalactone; γ-Nonanolactone; γ-Nonanolide; Nonan-1,4-olide; Nonanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, γ-lactone; Prunolide; 4-Hydroxynonanoic acid lactone; 4-Nonanolide; 4-Pentylbutanolide; γ-Nonanoic lactone; Aldehyde C-18; 4-Hydroxynonanoic acid, γ-lactone; 1,4-Nonalolide; γ-Nonalacton; (3H)-Dihydro-5-pentyl-2-furanone; 5-Pentyl-γ-lactone; 5-Pentyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one; Dihydro-5-pentyl-2(3H)-furanone; (.+/-.)-γ-Nonalactone; Cocos aldehyde; 5-Pentyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone; Nonan-4-olide; 5-pentyldihydrofuran-2( 3H)-one (γ-nonalactone); Dihydro-5-pentyl-2(3H)-furanon
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Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SE-30	100.	1320.3	Tudor, 1997	40. m/0.35 mm/0.35 μm

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-1	1312.	Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-1	1315.	Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	OV-101	1328.	Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 1984	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	1331.	Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 1984	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SE-30	1330.	Greenberg, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	1333.	Greenberg, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	1336.	Greenberg, 1981, 2	He, 70. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 170. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	1337.	Greenberg, 1981, 2	He, 70. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 170. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2050.	Spencer, Pangborn, et al., 1978	N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.26 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2052.	Spencer, Pangborn, et al., 1978	N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.26 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1993.	Tressl, Friese, et al., 1978	He, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 190. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5MS	1362.	Benkaci-Ali, Baaliouamer, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-5MS	1363.	Lozano P.R., Drake M., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-5MS	1350.	Lozano P.R., Miracle E.R., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
Capillary	HP-5	1361.	Quijano, Salamanca, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SE-54	1370.	Schlutt B., Moran N., et al., 2007	He, 40. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	DB-5	1358.	Wu, Zorn, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5	1368.	Perraudin, Popovici, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5MS	1350.	Carunchia Whetstine, Croissant, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
Capillary	BPX-5	1380.	Dickschat J.S., Wagner-Dobler I., et al., 2005	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1370.	Fang and Qian, 2005	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-5MS	1360.	Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-5MS	1360.	Whetstine, Cadwallader, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-5	1344.	Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-5	1344.	Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
Capillary	SPB-5	1366.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	SPB-5	1387.	Rodríguez-Burruezo, Kollmannsberger, et al., 2004	30. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1325.	Pino, Almora, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
Capillary	SPB-5	1360.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-1	1320.	Kim, 2001	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-5	1359.	Nogueira, Bittrich, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1325.	Pino and Marbot, 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
Capillary	HP-5	1373.	David, Scanlan, et al., 2000	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	DB-5	1360.	Gómez, Ledbetter, et al., 1993	He, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1330.	Wu, Kuo, et al., 1991	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 40. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	DB-5	1370.	Guichard and Souty, 1988	H2, 30. C @ 5. min, 1.5 K/min; Column length: 0.32 m; Column diameter: 1. mm; T_end: 180. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SE-54	1365.	Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2006	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 40C/min => 60C(1min) => 4C/min => 140C => 20C/min => 240C(5min)
Capillary	SE-54	1363.	Schuh and Schieberle, 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 6C/min => 150C => 20C/min => 230C
Capillary	SE-54	1362.	Fritsch and Schieberle, 2005	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 50C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 230C(10min)
Capillary	HP-5	1318.	Boué, Shih, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 10C/min => 60C =3C/min => 150C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	DB-5	1362.	Kirchhoff and Schieberle, 2002	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 50C (2min) => 4C/min => 240C (10min)
Capillary	HP-5	1362.	Isidorov, Krajewska, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 280C
Capillary	SE-54	1360.	Derail, Hofmann, et al., 1999	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 50C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
Capillary	SE-54	1363.	Mutti and Grosch, 1999	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 70C(2min) => 6C/min => 250C(10min)
Capillary	SE-54	1354.	Fickert and Schieberle, 1998	25. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 4C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-1	1334.	Sing, Smadja, et al., 1992	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He; Program: 20C(0.5min) => 60C => 4C/min => 250C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax Etr	2028.	Aubert and Chanforan, 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	FFAP	2044.	Lozano P.R., Drake M., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
Capillary	FFAP	2012.	Lozano P.R., Miracle E.R., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2023.	Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	FFAP	2035.	Schlutt B., Moran N., et al., 2007	He, 40. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	ZB-Wax	2005.	Wu, Zorn, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2012.	Gurbuz O., Rouseff J.M., et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 7. K/min, 265. C @ 5. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2018.	Gurbuz O., Rouseff J.M., et al., 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 7. K/min, 265. C @ 5. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2011.	Carunchia Whetstine, Croissant, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Stabilwax	2064.	Fang and Qian, 2005	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2055.	Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2019.	Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2020.	Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2020.	Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-FFAP	1998.	Avsar, Karagul-Yuceer, et al., 2004	15. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 225. C @ 15. min
Capillary	ZB-Wax	2020.	Ledauphin, Saint-Clair, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 1.8 K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	AT-Wax	2000.	Pino, Almora, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
Capillary	AT-Wax	2003.	Pino and Marbot, 2001	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	2019.	Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2038.	Chung, 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min; T_start: 35. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2036.	Chung, 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2037.	Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2010.	Umano, Hagi, et al., 1992	He, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2039.	Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2040.	Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	FFAP	2024.	Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2006	25. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 40C/min => 60C(1min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 240C
Capillary	FFAP	2053.	Schuh and Schieberle, 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 6C/min => 150C => 20C/min => 230C
Capillary	FFAP	2015.	Fritsch and Schieberle, 2005	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 230C(10min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1993.	Ferrari, Lablanquie, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(0.7min) => 20C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 240C
Capillary	FFAP	2033.	Kirchhoff and Schieberle, 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 60C/min => 50C (2min) => 6C/min => 240C (10min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	2003.	Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min)
Capillary	FFAP	2019.	Derail, Hofmann, et al., 1999	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
Capillary	DB-FFAP	2018.	Mutti and Grosch, 1999	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 230C(10min)
Capillary	FFAP	2028.	Fickert and Schieberle, 1998	25. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 230C (10min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2051.	Sing, Smadja, et al., 1992	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C(0.5min) => 60C => 4C/min => 250C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	VF-5 MS	1363.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	VF-5 MS	1365.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1367.	Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	RTX-5	1377.	Setkova, Risticevic, et al., 2007	10. m/0.18 mm/0.2 μm, He, 40. C @ 0.5 min, 50. K/min, 275. C @ 0.5 min
Capillary	DB-5	1363.	Xu, Fan, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	1350.	Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006	He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	1355.	Miyazawa and Kawata, 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	HP-1	1328.	Valette, Fernandez, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 40. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-5	1371.1	Leffingwell and Alford, 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
Capillary	SPB-5	1359.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1341.	Rohloff and Bones, 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	HP-5	1358.	N/A	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	1360.	Miyazawa, Fuhita, et al., 2004	Helium, 2. K/min, 240. C @ 999. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	1360.	Miyazawa, Fujita, et al., 2004	Helium, 2. K/min, 240. C @ 999. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	1365.	Czerny and Schieberle, 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-5	1368.	Czerny and Schieberle, 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SPB-5	1354.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Optima-1	1324.	de Beck, Bessière, et al., 2000	25. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	1359.	Bicalho, Pereira, et al., 2000	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min
Capillary	BP-5	1372.	Lopez, Ferreira, et al., 1999	50. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 190. C
Capillary	Ultra-2	1370.	King, Matthews, et al., 1995	50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-5	1372.	Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5	1328.	Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990	H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	1372.	Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990	H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1315.	Engel, Flath, et al., 1988	60. m/0.315 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1315.	Habu, Flath, et al., 1985	3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SE-30	1324.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981	40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	1324.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981, 2	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	TR-5 MS	1362.	Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014	15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	1358.	Mondello, 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	1367.	Mondello, 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	1361.	Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	1372.	Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary	Siloxane, 5 % Ph	1378.	VOC BinBase, 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane, 5 % phenyl	1378.	Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011	Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil-5 CB	1322.	Bailly and Collin, 2010	50. m/0.32 mm/1.20 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	CP-Sil 5 CB	1322.	Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2009	50. m/0.32 mm/1.20 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	SE-54	1363.	Christlbauer and Schieberle, 2009	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (2 min) 10 0C/min -> 50 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	RTX-5 MS	1374.	Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 300 0C
Capillary	RTX-5 MS	1366.	Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-54	1365.	Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2008	Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	CB-1	1327.	Kannaste, Vongvanich, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 180 0C 20 0C/min -> 220 0C (1 min)
Capillary	CB-1	1318.	Kannaste, Vongvanich, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	1379.	Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
Capillary	DB-5 MS	1371.	Watanabe, Ueda, et al., 2008	30. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -10 0C (3 min) 50 0C/min -> 40 0C 5 0C/min -> 290 0C (5 min)
Capillary	HP-5	1364.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min)
Capillary	HP-5	1363.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5 MS	1335.	Zhu, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min)
Capillary	DB-5 MS	1356.	Zhu, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min)
Capillary	DB-5	1363.	Buettner, 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 230C(10min)
Capillary	DB-1	1317.	Lin, Peng, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 40C(1min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 200C(9min)
Capillary	DB-5	1361.	Nivinsliene, Butkiene, et al., 2007	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (1 min) 5 0C/min -> 160 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	HP-5	1372.	Splivallo, Bossi, et al., 2007	He; Program: 50C => 3C/min => 200C(10min) => 10C/min => 290C(10min)
Capillary	CP-Sil 5 CB	1322.	Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006	50. m/0.32 mm/1.20 μm, Helium; Program: 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 1345 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1322.	Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006, 2	50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	1366.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005, 2	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	1366.	Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	1379.	Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	DB-5	1379.	Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	SE-30	1318.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1323.	Bakshu and Raju, 2002	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	1373.4	David, Scanlan, et al., 2002	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He; Program: not specified
Capillary	CP-Sil 5 CB	1325.	Gijs, Chevanese, et al., 2002	50. m/0.32 mm/1.20 μm, Helium; Program: 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C (30 min)
Capillary	DB-5	1335.	Rapior, Breheret, et al., 2002	30. m/0.20 mm/1.0 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1325.	Lermusieau, Bulens, et al., 2001	50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 120C(20min) => 2C/min => 250C(30min)
Capillary	SE-54	1366.	Zehentbauer and Grosch, 1998	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 50C/min => 60C(2min) => 4C/min => 230C
Capillary	SE-54	1352.	Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997	He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35C => 40C/min => 60C (1min) => 6C/min => 250C
Capillary	RSL-150	1320.	Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 1994	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30c (1.5min) => 20C/min => 55C => 6C/min => 200C(10min)
Capillary	SE-54	1370.	Um, Bailey, et al., 1992	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C 2 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	SE-54	1388.	Fagan, Kepner, et al., 1982	He; Column length: 35. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	AT-Wax	2057.	Kiss, Csoka, et al., 2011	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	FFAP	2018.	Christlbauer and Schieberle, 2009	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	CP-Wax	2003.	Mo, Fan, et al., 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2018.	Xu, Fan, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2018.	Fan and Qian, 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-Wax Etr	2068.	Ibarz, Ferreira, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 100. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1995.	Kishimoto, Wanikawa, et al., 2006	15. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	ZB-Wax	2005.	N/A	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2063.	Culleré, Escudero, et al., 2004	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2056.	López, Ezpeleta, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2063.	López, Ortín, et al., 2003	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2046.	Saura, LAencina, et al., 2003	Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.70 mm; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-FFAP	2018.	Czerny and Schieberle, 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-FFAP	2020.	Czerny and Schieberle, 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2036.	Kumazawa and Masuda, 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2038.	Kumazawa and Masuda, 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2015.	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2024.	Ferreira, Aznar, et al., 2001	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2018.	Weckerle, Bastl-Borrmann, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2047.	Kumazawa and Masuda, 1999	30. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, 5. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2045.	Kumazawa and Masuda, 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2038.	Lopez, Ferreira, et al., 1999	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 190. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2038.	Ferreira, Ardanuy, et al., 1998	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 190. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2038.	Ferreira, Lopez, et al., 1998	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 190. C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2008.	Ong and Acree, 1998	4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 35. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2008.	Ong, Acree, et al., 1998	4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 35. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	TC-Wax	2059.	Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996	80. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1989.	Kawakami, Ganguly, et al., 1995	60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2063.	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993	60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1981.	Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1990.	Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992	He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1989.	Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2024.	Engel, Flath, et al., 1988	60. m/0.322 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2011.	Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2012.	Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 180. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2007.	Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	2007.	Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SOLGel-Wax	2056.	Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
Capillary	SOLGel-Wax	2055.	Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	2025.	Sampaio, Garruti, et al., 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 35 0C (9 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 1 0C/min -> 100 0C 16 0C/min -> 210 0C (20 min)
Capillary	FFAP	2032.	Bailly and Collin, 2010	25. m/0.32 mm/0.30 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	FFAP	2032.	Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2009	25. m/0.32 mm/0.30 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2068.	Loscos, Hernandez-Orte, et al., 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 10 0C/min -> 90 0C 2 0C/min -> 230 0C (37 min)
Capillary	DB-FFAP	2002.	Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	DB-FFAP	2005.	Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	FFAP	2009.	Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2008	Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	2003.	Tao, Wenlai, et al., 2008	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 20 0C/min -> 80 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C
Capillary	DB-FFAP	2035.	Buettner, 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 230C(10min)
Capillary	DB-Wax Etr	2068.	Loskos, Hernandez-Orte, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 10C/min => 90C => 2C/min => 230C (37min)
Capillary	FFAP-CB	2032.	Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006	25. m/0.32 mm/0.30 μm, Helium; Program: 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 1345 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	FFAP	2032.	Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/0.3 μm, He; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2019.	Editorial paper, 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	CP-Wax 58CB	2011.	Tokitomo, Steihaus, et al., 2005	25. m/0.32 mm/0.20 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 40 0C/min -> 60 0C (1 min) 6 0C/min -> 180 0C 10 0C/min -> 240 0C (5 min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	2051.	Escudero, Gogorza, et al., 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2001.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2050.	Saura, LAencina, et al., 2003	Helium; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.70 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	FFAP	2002.	Zehentbauer and Grosch, 1998	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 230C
Capillary	DB-FFAP	2018.	Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997	He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35C => 40C/min => 60C (1min) => 6C/min => 250C
Capillary	FFAP	2038.	Schermann and Schieberle, 1997	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C
Capillary	FFAP	2038.	Schermann and Schieberle, 1997	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (2min) => 40C/min => 60C (2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 240C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1991.	Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992	He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2042.	Miranda-Lopez, Libbey, et al., 1992	30. m/0.53 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 80C(5min) => 5C/min => 155C => 4C/min => 240C(30min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2048.	Miranda-Lopez, Libbey, et al., 1992	30. m/0.53 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 80C(5min) => 5C/min => 155C => 4C/min => 240C(30min)

References

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes

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Tudor, E., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on a SE-30 glass capillary column. I. Linear equations, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 779, 1-2, 287-297, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00453-6 . [all data]

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Quijano, C.E.; Salamanca, G.; Pino, J.A., Aroma volatile constituents of Colombian varieties of mango (Mangifera indica L.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 5, 401-406, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1812 . [all data]

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Notes

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Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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