Benzene, n-butyl-

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil456. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 40 out of 43 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus185.1 ± 0.6KAVGN/AAverage of 11 out of 12 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple185.30KN/AMesserly, Todd, et al., 1965Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Ttriple185.14KN/AMesserly, Todd, et al., 1965Metastable crystal phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Ttriple184.6KN/AHuffman, Parks, et al., 1931Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.25 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc660.5 ± 0.5KN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 
Tc660.5KN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Tc660.05KN/AAmbrose, Broderick, et al., 1967Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Tc660.45KN/AAmbrose, Cox, et al., 1960Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; Visual, PRT, IPTS-48, with decomp.; TRC
Tc661.0KN/ASimon, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc28.5 ± 0.4atmN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 
Pc28.49atmN/AAmbrose, Broderick, et al., 1967Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 atm; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.497l/molN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc2.01 ± 0.04mol/lN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 
ρc2.009mol/lN/ASimon, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.075 mol/l; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap12.28kcal/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Δvap12.1kcal/molN/ARu«7825»icka, Zábranský, et al., 1994AC
Δvap12.0kcal/molN/AReid, 1972AC
Δvap12.20 ± 0.70kcal/molVMesserly, Todd, et al., 1965, 2ALS
Δvap12.0kcal/molN/AProsen, Johnson, et al., 1946DRB

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
9.290456.4N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
11.3 ± 0.05350.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 2002Based on data from 343. - 501. K. See also Verevkin, 2006.; AC
10.4 ± 0.05410.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 2002Based on data from 343. - 501. K.; AC
9.70 ± 0.1450.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 2002Based on data from 343. - 501. K.; AC
9.0 ± 0.2490.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 2002Based on data from 343. - 501. K.; AC
12.8258.N/AKasehgari, Mokbel, et al., 1993Based on data from 243. - 403. K.; AC
10.9384.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 369. - 463. K. See also Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949.; AC
11.5 ± 0.02343.CSvoboda, Charvátová, et al., 1982AC
11.2 ± 0.02358.CSvoboda, Charvátová, et al., 1982AC
11.0 ± 0.02368.CSvoboda, Charvátová, et al., 1982AC
10.8389.N/ALinek, Fried, et al., 1965Based on data from 374. - 454. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kcal/mol) β Tc (K) Reference Comment
343. - 368.17.600.3425660.5Majer and Svoboda, 1985 

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference
369.38 - 457.484.102371577.965-71.772Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949, 2

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.682185.3Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
2.6240184.6Huffman, Parks, et al., 1931, 2DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
14.2184.6Huffman, Parks, et al., 1931, 2DH

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
2.6910185.14crystaline, IIliquidMesserly, Todd, et al., 1965, 3Metastable crystals.; DH
2.6819185.30crystaline, IliquidMesserly, Todd, et al., 1965, 3DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
14.53185.14crystaline, IIliquidMesserly, Todd, et al., 1965, 3Metastable; DH
14.47185.30crystaline, IliquidMesserly, Todd, et al., 1965, 3DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965
Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Finke, H.L., Low-Temperature Thermodynamic Prop. of n-Propyl and n-Butylbenzenes, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 4304-11. [all data]

Huffman, Parks, et al., 1931
Huffman, H.M.; Parks, G.S.; Barmore, M., Thermal Data on Organic Compounds X. Further Studies on the Heat Capacities, Entropies, and Free Energies of Hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1931, 53, 3876-88. [all data]

Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
Tsonopoulos, C.; Ambrose, D., Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 547-558. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967
Ambrose, D.; Broderick, B.E.; Townsend, R., The Vapour Pressures above the Normal Boiling Point and the Critical Pressures of Some Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Soc. , 1967, 1967, 1967, 633-41. [all data]

Ambrose, Cox, et al., 1960
Ambrose, D.; Cox, J.D.; Townsend, R., The critical temperatures of forty organic compounds, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 1452. [all data]

Simon, 1957
Simon, M., Methods and Apparatus Used at the Bureau of Physicochemical Standards XV. Critical Constants and Straight-Line Diameters of Ten Hydrocarbons, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1957, 66, 375-81. [all data]

Ru«7825»icka, Zábranský, et al., 1994
Ru«7825»icka, Vlastimil; Zábranský, Milan; Ru«7825»icka, Kvetoslav; Majer, Vladimír, Vapor pressures for a group of high-boiling alkylbenzenes under environmental conditions, Thermochimica Acta, 1994, 245, 121-144, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(94)85073-9 . [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965, 2
Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Finke, H.L., Low-Temperature thermodynamic properties of n-Propyl- and n-Butylbenzene, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 4304. [all data]

Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946
Prosen, E.J.; Johnson, W.H.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and formation at 25°C of the alkylbenzenes through C10H14, and of the higher normal monoalkylbenzenes, J. Res. NBS, 1946, 36, 455-461. [all data]

Steele, Chirico, et al., 2002
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Nguyen, A., Vapor Pressure, Heat Capacity, and Density along the Saturation Line: Measurements for Benzenamine, Butylbenzene, sec -Butylbenzene, tert -Butylbenzene, 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic Acid, Tridecafluoroheptanoic Acid, 2-Butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, and 1-Chloro-2-propanol, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2002, 47, 4, 648-666, https://doi.org/10.1021/je010083e . [all data]

Verevkin, 2006
Verevkin, Sergey P., Vapour pressures and enthalpies of vaporization of a series of the linear n-alkyl-benzenes, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2006, 38, 9, 1111-1123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2005.11.009 . [all data]

Kasehgari, Mokbel, et al., 1993
Kasehgari, H.; Mokbel, I.; Viton, C.; Jose, J., Vapor pressure of 11 alkylbenzenes in the range 10-3 -- 280 torr, correlation by equation of state, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1993, 87, 1, 133-152, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(93)85022-E . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949
Forziati, Alphonse F.; Norris, William R.; Rossini, Frederick D., Vapor pressures and boiling points of sixty API-NBS hydrocarbons, J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN., 1949, 43, 6, 555-17, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.043.050 . [all data]

Svoboda, Charvátová, et al., 1982
Svoboda, Václav; Charvátová, Vladimíra; Majer, Vladimír; Hynek, Vladimír, Determination of heats of vaporization and some other thermodynamic properties for four substituted hydrocarbons, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1982, 47, 2, 543-549, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19820543 . [all data]

Linek, Fried, et al., 1965
Linek, J.; Fried, V.; Pick, J., Gleichgewicht flüssigkeit-dampf XXXIV. System äthylbenzol-cumol-butylbenzol unter atmosphärischem druck, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1965, 30, 5, 1358-1365, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19651358 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949, 2
Forziati, A.F.; Norris, W.R.; Rossini, F.D., Vapor Pressures and Boiling Points of Sixty API-NBS Hydrocarbons, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), 1949, 43, 6, 555-563, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.043.050 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Huffman, Parks, et al., 1931, 2
Huffman, H.M.; Parks, G.S.; Barmore, M., Thermal data on organic compounds. X. Further studies on the heat capacities, entropies and free energies of hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1931, 53, 3876-3888. [all data]

Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965, 3
Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Finke, H.L., Low-temperature thermodynamic properties of n-propyl- and n-butylbenzene, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 4304-4311. [all data]


Notes

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