Benzaldehyde

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil452. ± 7.KAVGN/AAverage of 13 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus247.KN/ABuckingham and Donaghy, 1982BS
Tfus216.65KN/ABiltz, Fischer, et al., 1930Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Tfus217.55KN/ATimmermans, 1921Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Tfus216.25KN/ATimmermans, 1921Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.6 K; TRC
Tfus259.7KN/AAltschul and Von Schneider, 1895Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple216.02KN/AAmbrose, Connett, et al., 1975Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc690.KN/AAnselme and Teja, 1990Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 20. K; Tc > 690 K, which was observed with decomposition; TRC
Tc695.KN/AAmbrose, Connett, et al., 1975Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 5. K; Visual, Decomp, VPX; TRC
Tc625.15KN/AGlaser and Ruland, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc46.50barN/AAmbrose, Connett, et al., 1975Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4646 bar; Visual, Decomp, VPX; TRC
Pc21.7849barN/AGlaser and Ruland, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3.0398 bar; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap48. ± 6.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points

Reduced pressure boiling point

Tboil (K) Pressure (bar) Reference Comment
335.20.013Weast and Grasselli, 1989BS
452.1.00Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982BS
335.0.013Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
49.5363.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 348. - 452. K.; AC
43.8424.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 409. - 481. K.; AC
48.6326.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 311. - 376. K.; AC
45.5385.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 370. - 475. K.; AC
41.9480.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 465. - 541. K.; AC
40.6544.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 529. - 599. K.; AC
47.0288.A,BGStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 273. - 373. K. See also De Maré, Lehman, et al., 1973.; AC
50.3311.VAmbrose, Connett, et al., 1975, 2ALS
42.5452.EBAmbrose, Connett, et al., 1975, 2Based on data from 311. - 404. K.; AC
54.4314.N/AStull, 1947Based on data from 299. - 452. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
273.14 - 322.065.214962337.539-5.103De Maré, Lehman, et al., 1973Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
299.4 - 452.3.876521380.729-94.98Stull, 1947Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
9.320216.02Ambrose, Connett, et al., 1975, 2DH
9.33216.Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
43.14216.02Ambrose, Connett, et al., 1975, 2DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982
Buckingham, J.; Donaghy, S.M., Dictionary of Organic Compounds: Fifth Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1982, 1. [all data]

Biltz, Fischer, et al., 1930
Biltz, W.; Fischer, W.; Wunnenberg, E., Molecular and Atomic Volumes. The Volume Requirements of Crystalline Organic Compounds and Low Temperatures, Z. Phys. Chem., Abt. A, 1930, 151, 13-55. [all data]

Timmermans, 1921
Timmermans, J., The Freezing Points of Organic Substances IV. New Exp. Determinations, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1921, 30, 62. [all data]

Altschul and Von Schneider, 1895
Altschul, M.; Von Schneider, B., Freezing points of some organic fluids, Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1895, 16, 24. [all data]

Ambrose, Connett, et al., 1975
Ambrose, D.; Connett, J.E.; Green, J.H.S.; Hales, J.L.; Head, A.J.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds 42. Physical and thermodynamic properties of benzaldehyde, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1975, 7, 1143. [all data]

Anselme and Teja, 1990
Anselme, M.J.; Teja, A.S., The critical properties of rapidly reacting substances, AIChE Symp. Ser., 1990, 86, 279, 128-32. [all data]

Glaser and Ruland, 1957
Glaser, F.; Ruland, H., Untersuchungsen über dampfdruckkurven und kritische daten einiger technisch wichtiger organischer substanzen, Chem. Ing. Techn., 1957, 29, 772. [all data]

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

De Maré, Lehman, et al., 1973
De Maré, G.R.; Lehman, T.; Termonia, M., The vapour pressure of benzaldehyde between 273 and 376 K, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1973, 5, 6, 829-832, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9614(73)80044-8 . [all data]

Ambrose, Connett, et al., 1975, 2
Ambrose, D.; Connett, J.E.; Green, J.H.S.; Hales, J.L.; Head, A.J.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. 42. Physical and thermodynamic properties of benzaldehyde, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1975, 7, 1143-1157. [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]


Notes

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