Urea

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Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

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Individual Reactions

CH3N2O- + Hydrogen cation = Urea

By formula: CH3N2O- + H+ = CH4N2O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1514. ± 12.kJ/molCIDCMa, Wang, et al., 1998gas phase; H and S (20.5±1.8 eu) directly from kinetic method; B
Δr1517. ± 11.kJ/molG+TSTaft, 1987gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Δr1495. ± 8.8kJ/molEIAEMuftakhov, Vasil'ev, et al., 1999gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1488. ± 13.kJ/molH-TSMa, Wang, et al., 1998gas phase; H and S (20.5±1.8 eu) directly from kinetic method; B
Δr1487. ± 10.kJ/molIMRETaft, 1987gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Urea + 2-Oxetanone, 4-methylene- = N-(aminocarbonyl)-3-oxobutyramide

By formula: CH4N2O + C4H4O2 = N-(aminocarbonyl)-3-oxobutyramide

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-106.4kJ/molKinLopatin, Popov, et al., 1992liquid phase; solvent: Solution; ALS

6Urea = 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine + 3Carbon dioxide + 6Ammonia

By formula: 6CH4N2O = C3H6N6 + 3CO2 + 6H3N

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr469.4kJ/molEqkRukevich and Zagranichnyi, 1971liquid phase; ALS

References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Ma, Wang, et al., 1998
Ma, S.G.; Wang, F.; Cooks, R.G., Gas-phase acidity of urea, J. Mass Spectrom., 1998, 33, 10, 943-949, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(1998100)33:10<943::AID-JMS703>3.0.CO;2-B . [all data]

Taft, 1987
Taft, R.W., The Nature and Analysis of Substitutent Electronic Effects, Personal communication. See also Prog. Phys. Org. Chem., 1987, 16, 1. [all data]

Muftakhov, Vasil'ev, et al., 1999
Muftakhov, M.V.; Vasil'ev, Y.V.; Mazunov, V.A., Determination of electron affinity of carbonyl radicals by means of negative ion mass spectrometry, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 1999, 13, 12, 1104-1108, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0231(19990630)13:12<1104::AID-RCM619>3.0.CO;2-C . [all data]

Lopatin, Popov, et al., 1992
Lopatin, E.B.; Popov, V.V.; Epshtein, N.A.; Mikhaleva, L.M.; Makarov, Yu.N., Kinetic and thermochemical characteristics of diketene-based reactions, Khim.-Farm. Zh., 1992, 26, 76-78. [all data]

Rukevich and Zagranichnyi, 1971
Rukevich, O.S.; Zagranichnyi, V.I., Equilibrium in the reaction of melamine formation from urea, J. Anal. Chem. USSR, 1971, 44, 1616-1620. [all data]


Notes

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