2-Butanone, 3-methyl-

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-262.57 ± 0.87kJ/molCcbHarrop, Head, et al., 1970ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
139.58358.15Hales J.L., 1967GT
146.82383.15
154.26408.15
161.25433.15
166.77453.15
172.09473.15

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid-299.47 ± 0.86kJ/molCcbHarrop, Head, et al., 1970ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-3097.2 ± 0.8kJ/molCcbHarrop, Head, et al., 1970Corresponding Δfliquid = -299.47 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid268.5J/mol*KN/AAndon, Counsell, et al., 1968DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
180.0298.15Harrop, Head, et al., 1970DH
179.9298.15Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968T = 10 to 320 K.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil367. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 40 out of 41 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus178.75KN/AMears, Fookson, et al., 1950Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC
Tfus181.15KN/ATimmermans and Mattaar, 1921Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.6 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple180.01KN/AAndon, Counsell, et al., 1968, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc553.1KN/AQuadri and Kudchadker, 1991Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC
Tc553.4KN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Tc553.4KN/AKobe, Crawford, et al., 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.83 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc38.00barN/AQuadri and Kudchadker, 1991Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.20 bar; TRC
Pc38.50barN/AKobe, Crawford, et al., 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.483 bar; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc3.23mol/lN/AKobe, Crawford, et al., 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.29 mol/l; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap36.87kJ/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Δvap36.81kJ/molVUchytilova, Majer, et al., 1983ALS
Δvap36.8kJ/molCUchytilova, Majer, et al., 1983AC
Δvap36.9kJ/molN/AAmbrose, Ellender, et al., 1975AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
32.35367.4N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
35.5326.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 311. to 369. K.; AC
33.8378.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 363. to 415. K.; AC
32.6420.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 405. to 500. K.; AC
35.0343.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 328. to 377. K. See also Ambrose, Ellender, et al., 1975.; AC
35.0 ± 0.1327.CHales, Lees, et al., 1967AC
33.8 ± 0.1346.CHales, Lees, et al., 1967AC
32.3 ± 0.1367.CHales, Lees, et al., 1967AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kJ/mol) β Tc (K) Reference Comment
298. to 368.53.890.2911553.4Majer and Svoboda, 1985 

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
253.3 to 362.15.625591806.925-40.618Stull, 1947Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
9.343180.01Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968DH
9.34180.Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
51.90180.01Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C5H9O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone, 3-methyl-

By formula: C5H9O- + H+ = C5H10O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1545. ± 11.kJ/molG+TSChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; By equilibration, more substituted site is less acidic than Me by 2.3 kcal/mol; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1518. ± 10.kJ/molIMREChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; By equilibration, more substituted site is less acidic than Me by 2.3 kcal/mol; B

C5H9O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone, 3-methyl-

By formula: C5H9O- + H+ = C5H10O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1537. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSCumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; Structure assignment revised to less-substituted site: Chyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1508. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; Structure assignment revised to less-substituted site: Chyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994; B

(CAS Reg. No. 60375-60-2 • 42949672952-Butanone, 3-methyl-) + 2-Butanone, 3-methyl- = CAS Reg. No. 60375-60-2

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 60375-60-2 • 4294967295C5H10O) + C5H10O = CAS Reg. No. 60375-60-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr169. ± 8.8kJ/molN/AHaas and Harrison, 1993gas phase; Both metastable and 50 eV collision energy.; B
Δr168. ± 12.kJ/molTherBoand, Houriet, et al., 1983gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

2,2-Dimethoxy-3-methylbutane + Water = 2-Butanone, 3-methyl- + 2Methyl Alcohol

By formula: C7H16O2 + H2O = C5H10O + 2CH4O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20.33 ± 0.04kJ/molCmWiberg and Squires, 1979liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS

2-Butanol, 3-methyl- = Hydrogen + 2-Butanone, 3-methyl-

By formula: C5H12O = H2 + C5H10O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr53.8 ± 1.6kJ/molEqkConnett, 1970gas phase; ALS

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C5H10O+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.31 ± 0.02eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)836.3kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity804.4kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.298 ± 0.005PEHernandez, Masclet, et al., 1977LLK
9.30 ± 0.01PEMouvier and Hernandez, 1975LLK
9.30 ± 0.04EIMouvier and Hernandez, 1975LLK
9.36PETam, Yee, et al., 1974LLK
9.30 ± 0.01PECocksey, Eland, et al., 1971LLK
9.30 ± 0.02PIMurad and Inghram, 1964RDSH
9.32 ± 0.02PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C2H3O+10.68?EIMouvier and Hernandez, 1975LLK
C2H3O+10.4iso-C3H7PIMurad and Inghram, 1964RDSH
C4H7O+9.9?EIMouvier and Hernandez, 1975LLK
C4H7O+9.94CH3PIMurad and Inghram, 1964RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C5H9O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone, 3-methyl-

By formula: C5H9O- + H+ = C5H10O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1545. ± 11.kJ/molG+TSChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; By equilibration, more substituted site is less acidic than Me by 2.3 kcal/mol; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1518. ± 10.kJ/molIMREChyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994gas phase; By equilibration, more substituted site is less acidic than Me by 2.3 kcal/mol; B

C5H9O- + Hydrogen cation = 2-Butanone, 3-methyl-

By formula: C5H9O- + H+ = C5H10O

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1537. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSCumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; Structure assignment revised to less-substituted site: Chyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1508. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRECumming and Kebarle, 1978gas phase; Structure assignment revised to less-substituted site: Chyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994; B

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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IR spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract
State gas

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin D.HENNEBERG, MAX-PLANCK INSTITUTE, MULHEIM, WEST GERMANY
NIST MS number 61712

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Rogers, 1947
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 57
Instrument Beckman spectrophotometer
Melting point -92
Boiling point 94.3

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Harrop, Head, et al., 1970
Harrop, D.; Head, A.J.; Lewis, G.B., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. 22. Enthalpies of combustion of some aliphatic ketones, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 203-210. [all data]

Hales J.L., 1967
Hales J.L., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part 18. Vapor heat capacities and heats of vaporization of ethyl ketone, ethyl propyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, and methyl phenyl ether, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1967, 63, 1876-1879. [all data]

Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968
Andon, R.J.L.; Counsell, J.F.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XX. The low-temperature heat capacity and entropy of C4 and C5 ketones, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 1894-1897. [all data]

Mears, Fookson, et al., 1950
Mears, T.W.; Fookson, A.; Pomerantz, P.; Rich, E.H.; Dussinger, C.S.; Howard, F.L., Syntheses and Properties of Two Olefins, Six Paraffins, and Their Intermediates, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U. S.), 1950, 44, 299. [all data]

Timmermans and Mattaar, 1921
Timmermans, J.; Mattaar, J.F., Freezing points of orgainic substances VI. New experimental determinations., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1921, 30, 213. [all data]

Andon, Counsell, et al., 1968, 2
Andon, R.J.L.; Counsell, J.F.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XX. The low- temperature heat capacity and entropy of C4 and C5 ketones., J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 1968, 1894-7. [all data]

Quadri and Kudchadker, 1991
Quadri, S.K.; Kudchadker, A.P., Measurement of the critical temperatures and critical pressures of some thermally stable or mildly unstable esters, ketones, and ethers, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1991, 23, 129-34. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Kobe, Crawford, et al., 1955
Kobe, K.A.; Crawford, H.R.; Stephenson, R.W., Critical Properties and Vapor Pressures of Some Ketones, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1955, 47, 1767-72. [all data]

Uchytilova, Majer, et al., 1983
Uchytilova, V.; Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.; Hynek, V., Enthalpies of vaporization and cohesive enrgies for seven aliphatic ketones, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1983, 15, 853-858. [all data]

Ambrose, Ellender, et al., 1975
Ambrose, D.; Ellender, J.H.; Lees, E.B.; Sprake, C.H.S.; Townsend, R., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds XXXVIII. Vapour pressures of some aliphatic ketones, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1975, 7, 5, 453-472, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(75)90275-X . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Hales, Lees, et al., 1967
Hales, J.L.; Lees, E.B.; Ruxton, D.J., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part 18.-Vapour heat capacities and heats of vaporization of ethyl ketone, ethyl propyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, and methyl phenyl ether, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1967, 63, 1876. [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Chyall, Brickhouse, et al., 1994
Chyall, L.J.; Brickhouse, M.D.; Schnute, M.E.; Squires, R.R., Kinetic versus thermodynamic control in the deprotonation of unsymmetrical ketones in the gas phase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 19, 8681, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00098a031 . [all data]

Cumming and Kebarle, 1978
Cumming, J.B.; Kebarle, P., Summary of gas phase measurements involving acids AH. Entropy changes in proton transfer reactions involving negative ions. Bond dissociation energies D(A-H) and electron affinities EA(A), Can. J. Chem., 1978, 56, 1. [all data]

Haas and Harrison, 1993
Haas, M.J.; Harrison, A.G., The Fragmentation of Proton-Bound Cluster Ions and the Gas-Phase Acidities of Alcohols, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1993, 124, 2, 115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(93)80003-W . [all data]

Boand, Houriet, et al., 1983
Boand, G.; Houriet, R.; Baumann, T., The gas phase acidity of aliphatic alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 2203. [all data]

Wiberg and Squires, 1979
Wiberg, K.B.; Squires, R.R., Thermodynamics of hydrolysis aliphatic ketals. An entropy component of steric effects, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 5512-5515. [all data]

Connett, 1970
Connett, J.E., Chemical equilibria. Part III. Dehydrogenation of pentan-1-ol, pentan-2-ol, and 3-methylbutan-2-ol, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1970, 1284-1286. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Hernandez, Masclet, et al., 1977
Hernandez, R.; Masclet, P.; Mouvier, G., Spectroscopie de photoelectrons d'aldehydes et de cetones aliphatiques, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1977, 10, 333. [all data]

Mouvier and Hernandez, 1975
Mouvier, G.; Hernandez, R., Ionisation and appearance potentials of alkylketones, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1975, 10, 958. [all data]

Tam, Yee, et al., 1974
Tam, W.-C.; Yee, D.; Brion, C.E., Photoelectron spectra of some aldehydes and ketones, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1974, 4, 77. [all data]

Cocksey, Eland, et al., 1971
Cocksey, B.J.; Eland, J.H.D.; Danby, C.J., The effect of alkyl substitution on ionisation potential, J. Chem. Soc., 1971, (B), 790. [all data]

Murad and Inghram, 1964
Murad, E.; Inghram, M.G., Photoionization of aliphatic ketones, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 40, 3263. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Rogers, 1947
Rogers, M.T., The electric moments and ultraviolet absorption spectras of some derivatives of cyclopropane and of ethylene oxide, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1947, 69, 2544-2548. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References