Benzene, fluoro-

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid-36.04 ± 0.34kcal/molCcrGood, Scott, et al., 1956Corrected for CODATA value of ΔfH; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-741.86 ± 0.29kcal/molCcrGood, Scott, et al., 1956Corrected for CODATA value of ΔfH; ALS
Δcliquid-747.2kcal/molCcbSwarts, 1919Not corrected for CODATA value of ΔfH; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid49.221cal/mol*KN/AScott, McCullough, et al., 1956DH
liquid46.61cal/mol*KN/AStull, 1937Extrapolation below 91 K, 42.55 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
34.964298.15Roux, Grolier, et al., 1984DH
34.981298.15Scott, McCullough, et al., 1956T = 14 to 350 K.; DH
35.031298.1Stull, 1937T = 90 to 320 K.; DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil358.0 ± 0.3KAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus230.96KN/AGoates, Ott, et al., 1976Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 K; TRC
Tfus231.25KN/ATimmermans, 1952Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Tfus231.3KN/ATimmermans, 1935Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tfus231.25KN/ATimmermans, 1934Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple230.92KN/AScott, McCullough, et al., 1956, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.08 K; by extrapolation of 1/f to 0.0; TRC
Ttriple230.94KN/AScott, McCullough, et al., 1956, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC
Ttriple231.1KN/AStull, 1937, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc560.1KN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Tc560.1KN/AAmbrose, Cox, et al., 1960Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; Visual, PRT, IPTS-48; TRC
Tc560.070KN/ADouslin, Moore, et al., 1958Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 K; TRC
Tc559.7KN/AYoung, 1889Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.6 K; by visual observation of meniscus; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc44.910atmN/ADouslin, Moore, et al., 1958Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0499 atm; TRC
Pc44.6211atmN/AYoung, 1889Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3947 atm; vapor pressure at critical temperature; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.269l/molN/ADouslin, Moore, et al., 1958Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.008 l/mol; TRC
Vc0.462l/molN/AYoung, 1889Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.004 l/mol; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap8.289kcal/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Δvap8.25kcal/molN/ABoublik, Fried, et al., 1984Based on data from 255. to 360. K. See also Basarová and Svoboda, 1991.; AC
Δvap8.253kcal/molVFindlay, 1969ALS
Δvap8.27kcal/molVScott, McCullough, et al., 1956, 3ALS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
7.455357.9N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
7.62373.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 358. to 530. K.; AC
7.60388.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 373. to 419. K.; AC
7.41429.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 414. to 501. K.; AC
7.39512.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 497. to 561. K.; AC
8.03327.EBStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 312. to 394. K. See also Scott, McCullough, et al., 1956.; AC
8.01 ± 0.02318.CScott, McCullough, et al., 1956AC
7.74 ± 0.02337.CScott, McCullough, et al., 1956AC
7.46 ± 0.02358.CScott, McCullough, et al., 1956AC
7.10 ± 0.02382.CScott, McCullough, et al., 1956AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kcal/mol) β Tc (K) Reference Comment
318. to 382.11.90.2823560.1Majer and Svoboda, 1985 

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
255.30 to 357.004.356541409.848-34.792Young, 1889, 2Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.7020230.94Scott, McCullough, et al., 1956DH
2.703230.9Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
2.4849231.10Stull, 1937DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
11.70230.94Scott, McCullough, et al., 1956DH
10.75231.10Stull, 1937DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C6H4F- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, fluoro-

By formula: C6H4F- + H+ = C6H5F

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr386.8 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSBuker, Nibbering, et al., 1997gas phase; B
Δr387.3 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSAndrade and Riveros, 1996gas phase; B
Δr387.2 ± 2.5kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; anchored to 88MEO scale, not the "87 acidity scale". The Kiefer, Zhang, et al., 1997 BDE is for ortho.; B
Δr387.2 ± 2.5kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Δr387.2 ± 5.4kcal/molG+TSBriscese and Riveros, 1975gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr378.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREBuker, Nibbering, et al., 1997gas phase; B
Δr379.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREAndrade and Riveros, 1996gas phase; B
Δr378.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; anchored to 88MEO scale, not the "87 acidity scale". The Kiefer, Zhang, et al., 1997 BDE is for ortho.; B
Δr379.0 ± 2.6kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Δr379.0 ± 5.3kcal/molIMRBBriscese and Riveros, 1975gas phase; B

Bromine anion + Benzene, fluoro- = (Bromine anion • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Br- + C6H5F = (Br- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr10.6 ± 1.6kcal/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr2.1 ± 1.0kcal/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
2.1423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C6H5F+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C6H5F+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C6H5F+ + C6H5F = (C6H5F+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.1kcal/molPIRuhl, Bisling, et al., 1986gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M
Δr14.1kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr27.cal/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
5.3356.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C6H6+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C6H6+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C6H6+ + C6H5F = (C6H6+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr6.6kcal/molPIRuhl, Bisling, et al., 1986gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M
Δr17.0kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M

C6H4F- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, fluoro-

By formula: C6H4F- + H+ = C6H5F

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr399.60 ± 0.90kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr391.8 ± 1.0kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B

C6H4F- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, fluoro-

By formula: C6H4F- + H+ = C6H5F

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr395.2 ± 2.0kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr387.0 ± 2.1kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B

C6H7N+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C6H7N+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C6H7N+ + C6H5F = (C6H7N+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr11.7kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26.5cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; M

Nitric oxide anion + Benzene, fluoro- = (Nitric oxide anion • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: NO- + C6H5F = (NO- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr37.8kcal/molICRReents and Freiser, 1981gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, fluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5F = (Cl- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr5.90kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
5.9300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

C7H8+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C7H8+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C7H8+ + C6H5F = (C7H8+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr3.9kcal/molPIRuhl, Bisling, et al., 1986gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M

NH4+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (NH4+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: H4N+ + C6H5F = (H4N+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.4kcal/molPHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr18.0cal/mol*KPHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; M

(V- • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene = (V- • Benzene • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (V- • C6H5F) + C6H6 = (V- • C6H6 • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr3. ± 15.kcal/molN/AJudai, Hirano, et al., 1997gas phase; B

V- + Benzene, fluoro- = (V- • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: V- + C6H5F = (V- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.4 ± 3.8kcal/molN/AJudai, Hirano, et al., 1997gas phase; B

(Lithium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Lithium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Li+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Li+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr22.7 ± 0.7kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Sodium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Sodium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Na+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Na+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15.7 ± 0.9kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Cesium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Cesium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Cs+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Cs+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr10.7 ± 1.1kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Rubidium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Rb+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Rb+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr11.3 ± 1.2kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Potassium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Potassium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (K+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (K+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12.0 ± 0.7kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Lithium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Lithium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Li+ + C6H5F = (Li+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr35.1 ± 5.0kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Sodium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Sodium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Na+ + C6H5F = (Na+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr16.7 ± 0.8kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Cesium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Cesium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Cs+ + C6H5F = (Cs+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12.0 ± 1.2kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Rubidium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Rubidium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Rb+ + C6H5F = (Rb+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12.8 ± 1.3kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Potassium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Potassium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: K+ + C6H5F = (K+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr13.2 ± 0.7kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Chromium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Chromium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Cr+ + C6H5F = (Cr+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr39.2kcal/molRAKRyzhov, 1999RCD

Henry's Law data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
0.12 QN/ASeveral references are given in the list of Henry's law constants but not assigned to specific species.
0.16 QN/A missing citation give several references for the Henry's law constants but don't assign them to specific species.
0.16 LN/A 
0.164100.MN/A 

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman

View reactions leading to C6H5F+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.20 ± 0.01eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)180.7kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity173.7kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.20PEFujisawa, Ohno, et al., 1986LBLHLM
9.20PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
9.22PESell, Mintz, et al., 1978LLK
9.17PEBehan, Johnstone, et al., 1976LLK
9.75EIBaldwin, Loudon, et al., 1976LLK
9.11PEDebies and Rabalais, 1973LLK
9.20SSmith and Raymonda, 1971LLK
9.20SGilbert and Sandorfy, 1971LLK
9.182PIMomigny, Goffart, et al., 1968RDSH
9.21 ± 0.04PEClark and Frost, 1967RDSH
9.20 ± 0.01PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
9.20PIBralsford, Harris, et al., 1960RDSH
9.200 ± 0.005SHammond, Price, et al., 1950RDSH
9.22PESell and Kupperman, 1978Vertical value; LLK
9.37PEKobayashi, 1978Vertical value; LLK
9.19PEStreets and Ceasar, 1973Vertical value; LLK
9.35 ± 0.03PEKlessinger, 1972Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C2H3F+16.13 ± 0.13C4H2PIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C3H2F+15.13 ± 0.13C3H3PIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C3H2F+15.8 ± 0.1?EIMomigny, 1959RDSH
C3H3+15.13 ± 0.13C3H2FPIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C3H3+14.3 ± 0.1?EIMomigny, 1959RDSH
C4H2+15.13 ± 0.13C2H3FPIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C4H3F+13.14 ± 0.05C2H2PIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C4H3F+14.73C2H2EIHowe and Williams, 1969RDSH
C4H4+15.90 ± 0.09C2HFPIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C4H4+17.0 ± 0.1?EIMomigny, 1959RDSH
C5H2F+16.13 ± 0.13CH3PIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C5H3+15.13 ± 0.13CH2FPIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C6H4+15.4 ± 0.1HFEIMomigny, 1959RDSH
C6H4F+14.1HEIYeo and Williams, 1970RDSH
C6H5+13.10 ± 0.05FPIPECONishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991LL
C6H5+14.5 ± 0.1FEIMajer and Patrick, 1962RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C6H4F- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, fluoro-

By formula: C6H4F- + H+ = C6H5F

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr386.8 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSBuker, Nibbering, et al., 1997gas phase; B
Δr387.3 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSAndrade and Riveros, 1996gas phase; B
Δr387.2 ± 2.5kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; anchored to 88MEO scale, not the "87 acidity scale". The Kiefer, Zhang, et al., 1997 BDE is for ortho.; B
Δr387.2 ± 2.5kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Δr387.2 ± 5.4kcal/molG+TSBriscese and Riveros, 1975gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr378.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREBuker, Nibbering, et al., 1997gas phase; B
Δr379.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREAndrade and Riveros, 1996gas phase; B
Δr378.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqMeot-ner and Kafafi, 1988gas phase; anchored to 88MEO scale, not the "87 acidity scale". The Kiefer, Zhang, et al., 1997 BDE is for ortho.; B
Δr379.0 ± 2.6kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Δr379.0 ± 5.3kcal/molIMRBBriscese and Riveros, 1975gas phase; B

C6H4F- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, fluoro-

By formula: C6H4F- + H+ = C6H5F

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr399.60 ± 0.90kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr391.8 ± 1.0kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B

C6H4F- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, fluoro-

By formula: C6H4F- + H+ = C6H5F

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr395.2 ± 2.0kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr387.0 ± 2.1kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

Bromine anion + Benzene, fluoro- = (Bromine anion • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Br- + C6H5F = (Br- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr10.6 ± 1.6kcal/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr2.1 ± 1.0kcal/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
2.1423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C6H5F+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C6H5F+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C6H5F+ + C6H5F = (C6H5F+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.1kcal/molPIRuhl, Bisling, et al., 1986gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M
Δr14.1kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr27.cal/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
5.3356.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C6H6+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C6H6+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C6H6+ + C6H5F = (C6H6+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr6.6kcal/molPIRuhl, Bisling, et al., 1986gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M
Δr17.0kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M

C6H7N+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C6H7N+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C6H7N+ + C6H5F = (C6H7N+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr11.7kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26.5cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; M

C7H8+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (C7H8+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: C7H8+ + C6H5F = (C7H8+ • C6H5F)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr3.9kcal/molPIRuhl, Bisling, et al., 1986gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, fluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5F = (Cl- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr5.90kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
5.9300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

Chromium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Chromium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Cr+ + C6H5F = (Cr+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr39.2kcal/molRAKRyzhov, 1999RCD

Cesium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Cesium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Cs+ + C6H5F = (Cs+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12.0 ± 1.2kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Cesium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Cesium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Cs+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Cs+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr10.7 ± 1.1kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

NH4+ + Benzene, fluoro- = (NH4+ • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: H4N+ + C6H5F = (H4N+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.4kcal/molPHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr18.0cal/mol*KPHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; M

Potassium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Potassium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: K+ + C6H5F = (K+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr13.2 ± 0.7kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Potassium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Potassium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (K+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (K+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12.0 ± 0.7kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Lithium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Lithium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Li+ + C6H5F = (Li+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr35.1 ± 5.0kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Lithium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Lithium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Li+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Li+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr22.7 ± 0.7kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Nitric oxide anion + Benzene, fluoro- = (Nitric oxide anion • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: NO- + C6H5F = (NO- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr37.8kcal/molICRReents and Freiser, 1981gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

Sodium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Sodium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Na+ + C6H5F = (Na+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr16.7 ± 0.8kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Sodium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Sodium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Na+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Na+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15.7 ± 0.9kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Rubidium ion (1+) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Rubidium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: Rb+ + C6H5F = (Rb+ • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12.8 ± 1.3kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Rubidium ion (1+) • Benzene, fluoro-) + Benzene, fluoro- = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 2Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: (Rb+ • C6H5F) + C6H5F = (Rb+ • 2C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr11.3 ± 1.2kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

V- + Benzene, fluoro- = (V- • Benzene, fluoro-)

By formula: V- + C6H5F = (V- • C6H5F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.4 ± 3.8kcal/molN/AJudai, Hirano, et al., 1997gas phase; B

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW- 529
NIST MS number 229256

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Bowden and Braude, 1952
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 11510
Instrument Hilger, Beckman spectrophotometer
Melting point - 42.2
Boiling point 84.7

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Good, Scott, et al., 1956
Good, W.D.; Scott, D.W.; Waddington, G., Combustion calorimetry of organic fluorine compounds by a rotating-bomb method, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 1080-1089. [all data]

Swarts, 1919
Swarts, F., Etudes thermochimiques sur les combinaisons organiques fluorees, J. Chim. Phys., 1919, 17, 3-70. [all data]

Scott, McCullough, et al., 1956
Scott, D.W.; McCullough, J.P.; Good, W.D.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Kincheloe, T.C.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Douslin, D.R.; Waddington, G., Fluorobenzene: Thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid and vapor states, a revised vibrational assignment, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 5457-5463. [all data]

Stull, 1937
Stull, D.R., A semi-micro calorimeter for measuring heat capacities at low temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726-2733. [all data]

Roux, Grolier, et al., 1984
Roux, A.H.; Grolier, J.-P.E.; Inglese, A.; Wilhelm, E., Excess molar enthalpies, excess molar heat capacities and excess molar volumes of (fluorobenzene + an n-alkane), Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 986-992. [all data]

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Goates, J.R.; Ott, J.B.; Moellmer, J.F., Solid + Liquid Phase Equilibria and Solid-compound Formation in Halobenzenes + Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1976, 8, 217. [all data]

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Timmermans, J., Freezing points of organic compounds. VVI New determinations., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1952, 61, 393. [all data]

Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J., Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]

Timmermans, 1934
Timmermans, J., Theory of Concentrated Solutions XII., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1934, 43, 626. [all data]

Scott, McCullough, et al., 1956, 2
Scott, D.W.; McCullough, J.P.; Good, W.D.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Kincheloe, T.C.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Douslin, D.R.; Waddington, G., Fluorobenzene: Thermodynamic Properties in the Solid, Liquid and Vapor States; A Revised Vibrational Assignment, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 5457-63. [all data]

Stull, 1937, 2
Stull, D.R., A Semi-micro Calorimeter for Measuring Heat Capacities at Low Temp., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

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Ambrose, D.; Cox, J.D.; Townsend, R., The critical temperatures of forty organic compounds, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 1452. [all data]

Douslin, Moore, et al., 1958
Douslin, D.R.; Moore, R.T.; Dawson, J.P.; Waddington, G., Pressure-Volume-Temperature Properties of Fluorobenzene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1958, 80, 2031. [all data]

Young, 1889
Young, S., On the Vapor Pressures and SPecific Volumes of Similar Compounds of Elements in Relation to the Position of Those Elements in the Periodic Table, J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1889, 55, 486. [all data]

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Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Basarová and Svoboda, 1991
Basarová, Pavlína; Svoboda, Václav, Calculation of heats of vaporization of halogenated hydrocarbons from saturated vapour pressure data, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1991, 68, 13-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(91)85008-I . [all data]

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Findlay, T.J.V., Vapor pressures of fluorobenzenes from 5° to 50°C, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1969, 14, 229. [all data]

Scott, McCullough, et al., 1956, 3
Scott, D.W.; McCullough, J.P.; Good, W.D.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Kincheloe, T.C.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Douslin, D.R.; Waddington, G., Fluorobenzene: Thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid and vapor states; a revised vibrational assignment, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 5457-54. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Young, 1889, 2
Young, S., On the Vapour-Pressures and Specific Volumes of Similar Compounds of Elements in Relation to the Position of those Elements in the Periodic Table, J. Chem. Soc., 1889, 55, 486-521, https://doi.org/10.1039/ct8895500486 . [all data]

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Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Buker, Nibbering, et al., 1997
Buker, H.H.; Nibbering, N.M.M.; Espinosa, D.; Mongin, F.; Schlosser, M., Additivity of substituent effects in the fluoroarene series: Equilibrium acidity in the gas phase and deprotonation rates in ethereal solution, Tetrahed. Lett., 1997, 38, 49, 8519-8522, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)10303-3 . [all data]

Andrade and Riveros, 1996
Andrade, P.B.M.; Riveros, J.M., Relative Gas-phase Acidities of Fluoro- and Chlorobenzene, J. Mass Spectrom., 1996, 31, 7, 767, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199607)31:7<767::AID-JMS345>3.0.CO;2-Q . [all data]

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Kiefer, Zhang, et al., 1997
Kiefer, J.H.; Zhang, Q.; Kern, R.D.; Yao, J.; Jursic, B., Pyrolysis of Aromatic Azines: Pyrazine, Pyrimidine, and Pyridine, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1997, 101, 38, 7061, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp970211z . [all data]

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Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R., Determination of the gas-phase acidities of halogen-substituted aromatic compounds using the silane-cleavage method, J. Mass Spectrom., 1995, 30, 1, 17, https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.1190300105 . [all data]

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Paul and Kebarle, 1991
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P., Stabilities of Complexes of Br- with Substituted Benzenes (SB) Based on Determinations of the Gas-Phase Equilibria Br- + SB = (BrSB)-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 4, 1148, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00004a014 . [all data]

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Ruhl, E.; Bisling, P.G.F.; Brutschy, B.; Baumgartel, H., Photoionization of Aromatic van der Waals Complexes in a Supersonic Jet, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1986, 126, 3-4, 232, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(86)80075-6 . [all data]

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Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; El-Shall, M.S., Ionic Charge Transfer Complexes. 1. Cationic Complexes with Delocalized and Partially Localized pi Systems, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 15, 4386, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00275a026 . [all data]

Reents and Freiser, 1981
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Farid and McMahon, 1978
Farid, R.; McMahon, T.B., Gas-Phase Ion-Molecule Reactions of Alkyl Nitrites by Ion Cyclotron Resonance Spectroscopy, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1978, 27, 2, 163, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(78)80037-0 . [all data]

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French, M.A.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Hydrogen bonding of O-H and C-H hydrogen donors to Cl-. Results from mass spectrometric measurement of the ion-molecule equilibria RH + Cl- = RHCl-, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1907. [all data]

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Judai, K.; Hirano, M.; Kawamata, H.; Yabushita, S.; Nakajima, A.; Kaya, K., Formation of Vanadium-Arene Complex Anions and Their Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1997, 270, 1-2, 23, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(97)00336-9 . [all data]

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Amunugama, R.; Rodgers, M.T., Influence of substituents on cation-pi interactions. 2. Absolute binding energies of alkali metal cation-fluorobenzene complexes determined by threshold collision-induced dissociation and theoretical studies, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2002, 106, 39, 9092, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp020459a . [all data]

Ryzhov, 1999
Ryzhov, V., Binding Energies of Chromium Cations with Fluorobenzenes from Radiative Association Kinetics, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 1999, 185/186/187, 913. [all data]

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Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Fujisawa, Ohno, et al., 1986
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Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

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Debies, T.P.; Rabalais, J.W., Photoelectron spectra of substituted benzenes. II. Seven valence electron substituents, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1973, 1, 355. [all data]

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Smith, D.R.; Raymonda, J.W., Rydberg states in fluorinated benzenes; hexa-, penta-, and mono- fluorobenzene, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1971, 12, 269. [all data]

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Clark, I.D.; Frost, D.C., A study of the energy levels in benzene and some fluorobenzenes by photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1967, 89, 244. [all data]

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Hammond, Price, et al., 1950
Hammond, V.J.; Price, W.C.; Teegan, J.P.; Walsh, A.D., The absorption spectra of some substituted benzenes and naphthalenes in the vacuum ultra-violet, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 1950, 9, 53. [all data]

Sell and Kupperman, 1978
Sell, J.A.; Kupperman, A., Angular distributions in the photoelectron spectra of benzene and its monohalogenated derivatives, Chem. Phys., 1978, 33, 367. [all data]

Kobayashi, 1978
Kobayashi, T., A simple general tendency in photoelectron angular distributions of some monosubstituted benzenes, Phys. Lett., 1978, 69, 105. [all data]

Streets and Ceasar, 1973
Streets, D.G.; Ceasar, G.P., Inductive mesomeric effects on the π orbitals of halobenzenes, Mol. Phys., 1973, 26, 1037. [all data]

Klessinger, 1972
Klessinger, M., Ionization potentials of substituted benzenes, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1972, 11, 525. [all data]

Nishimura, Meisels, et al., 1991
Nishimura, T.; Meisels, G.; Niwa, Y., Fragmentation of energy-selected fluorobenzene ion, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1991, 64, 2894. [all data]

Momigny, 1959
Momigny, J., Determination et discussion des potentials d'apparition d'ions fragmentaires dans le benzene et ses derives monohalogenes, Bull. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, 1959, 28, 251. [all data]

Howe and Williams, 1969
Howe, I.; Williams, D.H., Calculation and qualitative predictions of mass spectra. Mono- and paradisubstituted benzenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1969, 91, 7137. [all data]

Yeo and Williams, 1970
Yeo, A.N.H.; Williams, D.H., Rearrangement in the molecular ions of halogenotoluenes prior to fragmentation in the mass spectrometer, Chem. Commun., 1970, 886. [all data]

Majer and Patrick, 1962
Majer, J.R.; Patrick, C.R., Electron impact on some halogenated aromatic compounds, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1962, 58, 17. [all data]

Bowden and Braude, 1952
Bowden, K.; Braude, E.A., J. Chem. Soc., 1952, 1068. [all data]


Notes

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