Ethanol, protonated

Formula: C₂H₇O⁺
Molecular weight: 47.0758
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Other data available:
- Ion clustering data
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Reaction thermochemistry data

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

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Individual Reactions

C₂H₇O⁺ + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • )

By formula: C₂H₇O⁺ + C₂H₆O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • C₂H₆O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	134.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Δ_rH°	135.	kJ/mol	ICR	Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	119.	J/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Δ_rS°	119.	J/mol*K	N/A	Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	98.3	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Δ_rG°	99.2	kJ/mol	ICR	Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984

C₂H₇O⁺ + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • )

By formula: C₂H₇O⁺ + CH₄O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • CH₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	124.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	111.	J/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	90.8	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986

C₂H₇O⁺ + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • )

By formula: C₂H₇O⁺ + C₂H₄O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • C₂H₄O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	131.	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	97.1	kJ/mol	ICR	Larson and McMahon, 1982	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 2) + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3)

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rH°	59.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	103.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 3) + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 4)

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	47.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rH°	52.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	95.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase

(C₂H₇O⁺ • ) + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2)

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	78.2	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rH°	80.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	113.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rS°	120.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase

C₂H₇O⁺ + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • )

By formula: C₂H₇O⁺ + C₆H₆ = (C₂H₇O⁺ • C₆H₆)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	88.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	100.	J/mol*K	N/A	Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
36.	491.	PHPMS	Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

C₂H₇O⁺ + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • )

By formula: C₂H₇O⁺ + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	111.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rH°	100.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	128.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 4) + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 5)

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986	gas phase

(C₂H₇O⁺ • 5) + = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 6)

By formula: (C₂H₇O⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (C₂H₇O⁺ • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	54.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	120.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Kebarle, 1977	gas phase

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Larson and McMahon, 1982
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Formation, Thermochemistry, and Relative Stabilities of Proton - Bound dimers of Oxygen n - Donor Bases from Ion Cyclotron Resonance Solvent - Exchange Equilibria Measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104, 23, 6255, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00387a016 . [all data]

Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973
Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P., Gas Phase Ion Equilibria Studies of the Solvation of the Hydrogen Ion by Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Water. Effect of Hydrogen Bonding, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 24, 7939, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00805a002 . [all data]

Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Lias, S.G.; Liebman, J.F.; Levin, R.D., Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules heats of formation of protonated molecules, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1984, 13, 695. [all data]

Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Jr., Thermochemical data on Ggs-phase ion-molecule association and clustering reactions, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1011. [all data]

Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981
Bomse, D.S.; Beauchamp, J.L., Slow Multiphoton Excitation as a Probe of Bimolecular and Unimolecular Reaction Energetics. Multiphoton Dissociation of Proton-Bound Alcohol Dimers, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 12, 3292, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00402a011 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986
Hiraoka, K.; Takimoto, H.; Morise, K., Gas-Phase Hydration Reactions of Protonated Alcohols. Energetics and Bulk Hydration of Cluster Ions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 19, 5683, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00279a004 . [all data]

Kebarle, 1977
Kebarle, P., Ion Thermochemistry and Solvation from Gas Phase Ion Equilibria, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem., 1977, 28, 1, 445, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pc.28.100177.002305 . [all data]

Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Deakyne, C.A.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Unconventional Ionic Hydrogen Bonds. 2. NH+ pi. Complexes of Onium Ions with Olefins and Benzene Derivatives, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 2, 474, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00288a034 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References

Symbols used in this document:

T Temperature

Δ_rG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions

Δ_rH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

Δ_rS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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T	Temperature
Δ_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions